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[主观题]

Composers today use a wider variety of sounds than ever before, including many

that were once considered undesirable noises. Composer Edgard Varese (1883-1965)

called thus the "liberation of sound...the right to make music with any and all sounds."

Electronic music, for example―made with the aid of computers, synthesizers, and

(5) electronic instruments―may include sounds that in the past would not have been

consdered musical Environmental sounds, such as thunder, and electronically generated

hisses and blips can be recorded, manipulated, and then incorporated into a musical

composition. But composers also draw novel sounds from voices and nonelectronic

instruments. Singers may be asked to scream, laugh, groan, sneeze, or to sing phonetic

(10) sounds rather than words. Wind and string players may lap or scrape their instruments.

A brass or woodwind player may hum while playing, to produce two pitches at once; a

pianist may reach inside the piano to pluck a string and then run a metal blade along it. In

the music of the Western world, the greatest expansion and experimentation have involved

percussion instruments, which outnumber strings and winds in many recent compositions.

(15) Traditional percussion instruments are struck with new types of beaters; and instruments

that used to be couriered unconvennonal in Western music―tom-toms, bongos,

slapsticks, maracas―are widelv used.

In the search for novel sounds, increased use has been made in Western music of

Microtones. Non-Western music typically divides and interval between two pitches more

(20) finely than Western music does, thereby producing a greter number of distinct tones,

or micro tones, within the same interval. Composers such as Krzysztof Pmderecki create

sound that borders on electronic noise through tone clusters―closely spaced tones played

together and heard as a mass, block, or band of sound. The directional aspect of sound has

taken on new importance as well Loudspeakers or groups of instruments may be placed

(25) at opposite ends of the stage, in the balcony, or at the back and sides of the auditorium.

Because standard music notation makes no provision for many of these innovations,

recent music scores may contain graphlike diagrams, new note shapes and symbols, and

novel ways of arranging notation on the page.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A.The use of nontraditional sounds in contemporary music

B.How sounds are produced electronically

C.How standard musical notation has beer, adapted for nontraditional sounds

D.Several composers who have experimented with the electronic production of sound

提问人:网友bailn_2 发布时间:2022-01-07
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更多“Composers today use a wider va…”相关的问题
第1题
In the TOEFL writing test you have to first read a text and then listen to a ________ lecture on the same topic.

A、1-minute

B、2-minute

C、3-minute

D、4-minute

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第2题
以下说法中正确的是

A、You are energetic. 使用的句型是“主语+谓语+宾语”。

B、You are energetic. 使用的句型是“主语+系动词+表语”。

C、I miss you! 使用的句型是“主语+谓语+宾语”。

D、I miss you! 使用的句型是“主语+谓语+表语”。

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第3题
Composers today use a wider variety of sounds than ever before, including many

that were once considered undesirable noises. Composer Edgard Varese (1883-1965)

called thus the "liberation of sound...the right to make music with any and all sounds."

Electronic music, for example―made with the aid of computers, synthesizers, and

(5) electronic instruments―may include sounds that in the past would not have been

consdered musical Environmental sounds, such as thunder, and electronically generated

hisses and blips can be recorded, manipulated, and then incorporated into a musical

composition. But composers also draw novel sounds from voices and nonelectronic

instruments. Singers may be asked to scream, laugh, groan, sneeze, or to sing phonetic

(10) sounds rather than words. Wind and string players may lap or scrape their instruments.

A brass or woodwind player may hum while playing, to produce two pitches at once; a

pianist may reach inside the piano to pluck a string and then run a metal blade along it. In

the music of the Western world, the greatest expansion and experimentation have involved

percussion instruments, which outnumber strings and winds in many recent compositions.

(15) Traditional percussion instruments are struck with new types of beaters; and instruments

that used to be couriered unconvennonal in Western music―tom-toms, bongos,

slapsticks, maracas―are widelv used.

In the search for novel sounds, increased use has been made in Western music of

Microtones. Non-Western music typically divides and interval between two pitches more

(20) finely than Western music does, thereby producing a greter number of distinct tones,

or micro tones, within the same interval. Composers such as Krzysztof Pmderecki create

sound that borders on electronic noise through tone clusters―closely spaced tones played

together and heard as a mass, block, or band of sound. The directional aspect of sound has

taken on new importance as well Loudspeakers or groups of instruments may be placed

(25) at opposite ends of the stage, in the balcony, or at the back and sides of the auditorium.

Because standard music notation makes no provision for many of these innovations,

recent music scores may contain graphlike diagrams, new note shapes and symbols, and

novel ways of arranging notation on the page.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A.The use of nontraditional sounds in contemporary music

B.How sounds are produced electronically

C.How standard musical notation has beer, adapted for nontraditional sounds

D.Several composers who have experimented with the electronic production of sound

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第4题
The word "thereby" m line 20 is closest in meaning to

A.in return for

B.in spite of

C.by the way

D.by that means

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第5题
Which of the following will be lost is a glacier forms?

A.Air

B.Pressure

C.Weight

D.Rocks

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第6题
The word "bound" in line 9 is closest in meaning to

A.covered

B.chosen

C.planned

D.held

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第7题
Industrialization came to the United State after 1790 as North American entrepreneurs

increased productivity by reorganizing work and building factories. These innovations

in manufacturing boosted output and living standards to an unprecedented extent; the

average per capita wealth increased by nearly 1 percent per year―30 percent over

(5) the course of a generation. Goods that had once been luxury items became part of

everyday life.

The impressive gain in output stemmed primarily from the way in which workers made

goods, since the 1790's, North American entrepreneurs―even without technological

improvements―had broadened the scope of the outwork system that mace manufacturing

(10) more efficient by distributing materials to a succession of workers who each performed a

single step of the production process. For example, during the 1820's and 1830's the shoe

industry greatly expanded the scale and extend of me outwork system. Tens of thousands

of rural women, paid according to the amount they produced, fabricated the "uppers" of

shoes, which were bound to the soles by wage-earning journeymen shoemakers in dozens

(15) of massachusetts towns, whereas previously journeymen would have made the enure

shoe. This system of production made the employer a powerful "shoe boss" and eroded

workers' control over the pace and conditions of labor. However, it also dramatically

increased the output of shoes while cutting their price.

For tasks that were not suited to the outwork system, entrepreneurs created an even

(20) more important new organization, the modem factory, which used power-driven machines

and assembly-line techniques to turn out large quantities of well-made goods. As early

as 1782 the prolific Delaware inventor Oliver Evans had buiit a highly automated,

laborsaving flour mill driven by water power. His machinery lifted the grain to the top of

the mill, cleaned it as it fell into containers known as hoppers, ground the grain into flour,

25) and then conveyed the flour back to the top of the mill to allow it to cool as it desended

into barrels. Subsequently, manufacturers made use of new improved stationary steam

engines to power their mills. This new technology enabled them to build factories in the

nation's largest cities, taking advantage of urban concentrations of inexpensive labor,

good transportation networks, and eager customers.

What is the passage mainly about?

A.The difficulties of industrialization in North America

B.The influence of changes in manufacturing on the growth of urban centers

C.The rapid speed of industrialization in North America

D.Improved ways of organizing the manufacturing of goods

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