？？（1）Each child has his individual pattern of soci...

第1题

Part ADirections:Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choo

Part A

Directions:

Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Text 1

Play is the principal business of childhood, and more and more in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right material for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child' s development.

In recent years' research on infant development has shown the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby's ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.

The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toys should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; painting, scribbling and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for leaning to play and get on with others.

By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years—the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.

Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same thing to a child. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed—to a child of nine or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.

The writer wants us to understand that a child______.

[A] has to be taught how to play

[B] likes a toy

[C] matures through play

[D] can grow up with toys

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第2题

Science is above all a human activity. One obvious meaning ofthis is that science is done

Science is above all a human activity. One obvious meaning of

this is that science is done by people. A second and equally accurate

meaning is all people do science in some form. After all, the 【1】______

methods of science are basically simple extension of the ways all 【2】______

people learning about their world. Science in many ways is very 【3】______

similar to how we have been learning about the world since we were

infants. Consequently, because each of you has been used it in one 【4】______

form. or other since you first began toddling about and discovering 【5】______

the world, you already know much more about the scientific method

than you think you do.

Watch a young child. When something catches his or her eye,

the child must examine it, study it, observe it, have a fun with it.【6】______

Next, the child wants to interact on it, touch it, feel it. From 【7】______

passive observations and active interactions, a child slowly learns【8】______

about the world. Some interactions are fun: "If I tip the glass, I get

to see the milk from pretty pictures on the floor." Other interactions

are not much fun:" If I touch on the red circles on the stove, my 【9】______

fingers hurt!" From each interaction, the child learns a little more【10】______

about the world.

【M1】

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第3题

The ordinary family colonial North America was primarily concerned with sheer physical sur

vival and beyond that, its own economic prosperity. Thus children were【1】in terms of their productivity, and they【2】the role of producer quite early.【3】they fulfilled this role, their position in the structure of the family was one of【4】, and their psychological needs and capacities received 【5】consideration.

【6】the society become more complex, the【7】of children in the family and in the society become more important. In the complex, technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of【8】and occupational roles and be in【9】contact with a great many other members. Consequently, viewing children as【10】acceptable and necessarily multifaceted members of society means that they are【11】more as people in their own right than as utilitarian organisms. This acceptance of children as【12】participants in the contemporary family is【13】in the variety of statutes protecting the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs【14】exclusively to their well-being.

This new view of children and the increasing contact between the members of society has also【15】in a surge of interest in child-rearing techniques. People today spend a considerable portion of their time conferring【16】the proper way to bring up children. It is now possible to【17】the details of the socialization of another person's child by spreading the gospel of current and fashionable theories and methods of child rearing.

The socialization of the contemporary child in the United States is a two-way transaction between parent and child【18】a one-way, parent-to-child training programs. As a consequence, socializing children and living with them over a long【19】of time is for parents a mixture of【20】, satisfaction, and problems.

(1)

A．dismissed

B．valued

C．scorned

D．reared

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第4题

If family A has an income of $95,000 per year, and family B has an income of $35,000 per y

ear, and each has a child attending a 4-year public university, to the nearest $1000, how much more would family A be expected to pay than family B？

A．$4000

B．$7000

C．$10,000

D．$12,000

E．$15,000

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第5题

How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.

Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved, whatever he may do. It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child - things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known. But a child has his pains: he is not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things, or being punished for what he has done wrong When the young man starts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his park tarents, he may go to prison. If, however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.

21. According to Paragraph 2, the writer thinks that（）.

A. life for a child is comparatively easy

B. a child is always loved whatever he does

C. if much is given to a child, he must do something in return

D. only children are interested in life

22. After a child grows up,he（）.

A. will have little time playing

B. has to be successful in finding a job

C. can still ask for help in time of trouble

D. should be able to take care of himself

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第6题

In 1975 the Congress of the United States passed the Education of All Handicapped Children

Act, a【1】document in special education that has since【2】numerous amendments. A 1990 amendment renamed the law the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

IDEA requires public schools【3】a free and appropriate education to all disabled children. The law also requires that all children with disabilities between the ages of 3 and 21 receive support services, such as【4】or physical therapy,【5】the type or seriousness of their disability.【6】the provisions of IDEA, schools must【7】all children with disabilities. To do this school officials provide each child with a comprehensive【8】conducted by teachers, the parents, and appropriate specialists, such as children with speech difficulties.

IDEA also requires schools to give parents the opportunity to assist in the development and【9】of their child's education plan. The plan specifies goals for the student's education, methods to achieve those goals, and services to be provided. Each student's education plan is reviewed【10】. To the maximum extent appropriate, a child with a disability must be educated with children who do not have disabilities. In addition, IDEA requires that older children with disabilities receive transition services to assist in the change from school to adult activities,【11】employment, continuing education, and finding a place to live. IDEA provides federal financial support for schools to develop special education programs.

Other federal laws prohibit discrimination【12】disability. Section 504 of the Act of 1973【13】discrimination against individuals with disabilities in public schools and any other federally supported programs. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ensures【14】for individuals with disabilities in all【15】life, including education, the workplace, transportation, and telecommunications.

(1)

A．mileage

B．landmark

C．reminder

D．monument

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第7题

Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by c

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Read all the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Passage 1

Language, like food, is a basic human need without which a child in a critical period of life can be starved and damaged. Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick Ⅱ in the thirteenth century, it may be so. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.

All the infants died before the first year. But, clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.

Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most of the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the infant, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.

Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1,000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four his language differs from that of his parents in style. rather than grammar.

Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity to speak. What is special about man' s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern "toy-bear". And even more incredible is the young brain' s ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.

But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child' s babbling, grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child' s non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.

The purpose of Frederick Ⅱ' s experiment was ______ .

A．to prove that children are born with ability to speak

B．to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech

C．to find out what role careful nursing would play in reaching child to speak

D．to prove that a child can be damaged without learning a language

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第8题

How often does one hear children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they w

ere young again？ Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.

Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved, whatever he may do. It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child—things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known. But a child has his pains; he is not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things, or being punished for what he has done wrong.

When the young man starts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.

According to Paragraph 2, the writer thinks that

A．life for a child is comparatively easy

B．a child is always loved whatever he does

C．if much is given to a child, he must do something in return

D．only children are interested in life

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第9题

How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they were

young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.

Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved, whatever he may do. It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child—things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known. But a child has his pains: he is not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things, or being punished for what he has done wrong.

When the young man starts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.

According to Paragraph 2, the writer thinks that______.

A．life for a child is comparatively easy

B．a child is always loved whatever he does

C．if much is given to a child, he must do something in return

D．only children are interested in life

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第10题

A. China failed to develop a single written language based on phoneticsB. a Chinese child

A. China failed to develop a single written language based on phonetics

B. a Chinese child is supposed to learn much more words than his English speaking counterpart

C. Chinese dialects differ from each other to a great extent

D. the Chinese language system has no relation to sound

E. educate more people to learn the same language

F. there is only a small part of the population who understand the large number of symbols

According to the text, it is believed that China's poverty is partly caused by______.

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