The manager’s reply ______ that he was not really interested in the project()
A.offered
B.showed
C.advised
D.described
A.offered
B.showed
C.advised
D.described
?Read the findings below on psychology of consumption.
?Choose the best word to fill each gap from A. B. C or D on the opposite page.
?For each question 19-33, mark one letter(A, B, C or D).
Pricing and the Psychology of Consumption
Ask any executive how pricing policies influence the demand for a product or service, and you'll get a confident, well-reasoned reply。Ask that same executive how pricing policies affect consumption—the extent to which customers use products or services that they've (19) for—and you'll get a muted response at best. It is found that managers rarely, if ever, think about consumption when they (20) prices—and that be an (21) oversight.
For many executives, the idea that they should (22) consumers' attention to the price that was paid for a product or service is counterintuitive. Companies have long (23) to mask the costs of their goods and services in order to boost sales. And rightly (24) —if a company fails to (25) theinitial sale, it won't have to worry about consumption. To promote sales, health club managers encouragemembers to get the payment out of the (26) early;HMOs encourage automatic payroll deductions;and cruise lines bundle small, specific costs into a single, all-inclusive (27) .
However, executives may be discouraging consumption when they (28) those pricing practices. People are more (29) to consume a product when they are (30) of its cost—when they feel'out of pocket'. But (31) pricing practices such as advance sales, season tickets, and price bundling all serve to mask howmuch a buyer has (32) on a given product, decreasing the likelihood that the buyer will actually use it. And a customer who doesn't use a product is unlikely to buy that product again. Executives who (33) those pricing tactics without considering their impact on consumption may be trading off long-term customer retention for shorf-term increases in sales.
(19)
A.funded
B.paid
C.bought
D.expended
Here is an example, which I heard at a nurse's convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch; the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. "Who is that?" the new arrival asked St. Peter. "Oh, that's God,," came the reply, "but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor."
If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.
If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.
Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. It's a twist on a familiar quote "If at first you don't succeed, give up" or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements: Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.
What is essential in making humor effective?
A.Personal charm of the humor user.
B.Understanding the audience's situation.
C.Sympathy for the audience.
D.Identification of the audience's social status.
The offer is firm subject ____ before October 1.
A. for your reply reaches us
B. for your reply reaching us
C. to our receiving your reply
D. to your reply reaching us
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