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Questions 6to 10are based on the followingpassage:It is difficult to imagine what life wou

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the followingpassage:

It is difficult to imagine what life would belike without memory. (78) The meanings of thou-sands of everydayperceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habitsand skills are to be found in our past experiences，which are brought into thepresent by memory.

Memory can be defined as the capacity to keepinformation available for later use. It includes not only “remembering” thingslike arithmetic or historical facts, but also involving any change in the wayan animal typically behaves. (79) Memory is involved when a rat gives upeating grain be-cause he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memoryis also involved when a six- year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat.

Memory exists not only in humans and animalsbut also in some physical objects and ma-chines. Computers, for example,contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to comparethe memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. Theinstant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 “words”一ready for instant use. An averageU. S.teenagerprobably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However,this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenagerhas stored. Consider, for ex-ample ，the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.

The use of words is the basis of the advancedproblem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person’s memoryis in terms of words and combinations of words.

6. Accordingto the passage, memory is considered to be_____________.

A.the basis for decision making and problem solving

B.an ability to store experiences for future use

C.an intelligence typically possessed by human beings

D.the data mainly consisting of words and combinations of words

提问人：网友xinxueff 发布时间：2022-01-07

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更多“Questions 6to 10are based on t…”相关的问题

第1题

Passage 1 Cars are lots of fun, but they could also be dangerous. We have to be careful when we drive them or ride in them. It's always a good idea to put on your seat belt when you're in a car. Why? Think about this example: You put an egg on a skateboard(滑板) and give it a push. If the skateboard hits a stone, it will stop, but the egg won't. It will fly through the air, hit the ground and break. Now, think what would happen if you tied the egg to the skateboard. When the skateboard hits a stone, the egg won't go flying. It will stay safely on the skateboard. Volvo, a famous Swedish carmaker, was the first to use seat belts in 1949. Air bags are also very important for car safety, because sometimes a seat belt isn't enough. If the car is going really fast and runs into something, seat belts could even hurt the people who wear them. Most newer cars have air bags in front of and next to the seats. When a car hits something, its air bags will come out quickly--in less than one second--to keep the people inside safe. 题目： 1. We have to be careful in driving a car mainly because it could be ______________ .

A、little fun

B、a pleasure

C、a lot of trouble

D、a great danger

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第2题

Basic questions are used to find the least but adequate amount of information that we need to write a summary.

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第3题

Questions 21 to 25 are　based on the following passage:

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen？” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend？ Or did he envy my luck？” “And Paul — why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car？” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends — or our enemies？ Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side？ If he says, “You're a lucky guy” or “You're a lucky gal,” that's being friendly. But “lucky dog”？ There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the “dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.

“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker　is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he？ Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words？ One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks？ Does　what he says square with the tone of voice？ His posture？ The look in his　eyes？ Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

21.When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he ____.

A) feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him

B) feels he may not have “read” his friends' true feelings correctly

C) thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friend

D) is sorry that his friends let him down

22.By saying “You're a lucky dog.”, the speaker ____.

A) is just being friendly

B) expresses the same meaning as “You're a lucky guy.” or“You ' re a lucky gal.”

C) is humorous to apply the word “dog” to people

D) has a hidden jealous feeling behind the words

23.In listening to a person, the important thing is ____.

A) to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eye

B) to listen to how he pronounces his words

C) to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his posture

D) not to believe what he says

24.If you followed the advice of the writer, you would ____.

A) weigh carefully what people say to determine their real meaning

B) get along well with people

C) trust what other people say

D) have no doubts about our friends

25.This passage tries to tell you how to ____.

A) avoid mistakes about both money and people

B) say things elegantly

C) avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you

D) keep people friendly without trusting them

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第4题

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Researchers have established that w

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitive areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age.

People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in. And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.

Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. “The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information,” says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Again. “Most of us don't need that kindof skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness.” Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skill, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.

Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. “The point is, you need to do both,” Cohen says. “Intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size.”

6. People who are cognitively healthy are those _______.

A、who can remember large amounts of information

B、who are highly intelligent

C、whose minds are alert and receptive

D、who are good at recognizing different sounds

7. According to Fozards argument people can make their brains work more efficiently by _______.

A、constantly doing memory work

B、taking part in various mental activities

C、going through specific training

D、making frequent adjustments

8. The findings of James and other scientists in their work _________.

A、remain a theory to further proved

B、have been challenged by many other experts

C、have been generally accepted

D、are practiced by the researchers themselves

9. Older people are generally advised to ___________.

A、keep fit by going in for physical activities

B、keep mentally active by challenges through specific training

C、maintain mental alertness through specific training

D、maintain a balance between individual and group activities

10. What is the passage mainly about?

A、How biochemical changes occur in the human brain.

B、Why people should keep active not only physically but also mentally.

C、How intellectual activities influence brain-cell health

D、Why people should receive special mental training as they age.

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第5题

Passage Two Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. On Jan. 9, 2007, Steve Jobs formally announced Apple’s “revolutionary mobile phone” — a device that combined the functionality of an iPod, phone and Internet communication into a single unit, navigated by touch. It was a huge milestone in the development of smartphones, which are now owned by a majority of American adults and are increasingly common across the globe. As smartphones have multiplied, so have questions about their impact on how we live and how we work. Often the advantages of convenient, mobile technology are both obvious and taken for granted, leaving more subtle topics for concerned discussion: Are smartphones disturbing children’s sleep? Is an inability to get away from work having a negative impact on health? And what are the implications for privacy? But today, on the 10th anniversary of the iPhone, let’s take a moment to consider a less obvious advantage: the potential for smartphone technology to revolutionize behavioral science. That’s because, for the first time in human history, a large proportion of the species is in continuous contact with technology that can record key features of an individual’s behavior and environment. Researchers have already begun to use smartphones in social scientific research, either to query people regularly as they engage in their normal lives or to record activity using the device’s built-in sensors. These studies are confirming, challenging and extending what’s been found using more traditional approaches, in which people report how they behaved in real life or participate in relatively short and artificial laboratory-based tasks. Such studies are just first steps. As more data are collected and methods for analysis improve, researchers will be in a better position to identify how different experiences, behaviors and environments relate to each other and evolve over time, with the potential to improve people’s productivity and wellbeing in a variety of domains. Beyond revealing population-wide patterns, the right combination of data and analysis can also help individuals identify unique characteristics of their own behavior, including conditions that could indicate the need for some form of intervention — such as an unusual increase in behaviors that signal a period of depression. Smartphone-based data collection comes at an appropriate time in the evolution of psychological science. Today, the field is in transition, moving away from a focus on laboratory studies with undergraduate participants towards more complex, real-world situations studied with more diverse groups of people. Smartphones offer new tools for achieving these ambitions, providing rich data about everyday behaviors in a variety of contexts. So here’s another way in which smartphones might transform the way we live and work: by offering insights into human psychology and behavior and, thus, supporting smarter social science. 10. What do we learn about current psychological studies?

A、They are going through a period of painful transition.

B、They are increasingly focused on real-life situations.

C、They are conducted in a more rigorous manner.

D、They are mainly targeted towards undergraduates.

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第6题

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the main types of shop-lifting?

A、A big percentage of the total losses is caused by the professionals.

B、The deliberate amateurs will be punished severely if they get caught.

C、People would expect that those who can't help stealing are poor.

D、The professionals don't cause a lot of trouble to the store detectives.

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第7题

Questions 1 through 3 are based on the following report.

1. A. The Spanish flu.

B. The Asian flu.

C. The Hong Kong flu.

D. Bird flu.

2. A. In 1968.

B. In the 21st century.

C. In 1957.

D. Over a century ago.

3. A. Bird flu viruses.

B. Several kinds of flu.

C. Causes of flu.

D. Some most common viruses.

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第8题

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Earth Day was the brainchild of Gaylord Nelson, aUnited StatesSenator from Wisconsin. After seeingthe environmental destruction causedby the 1969 oil spill in SantaBarbara, California, Nelson wanted to find a way to raise public consciousnessof the needfor greaterenvironmental protections. The result was the first Earth Day on April 22, 1970. On that day,over 20 million Americans took part in a variety of rallies(集会）， meetings，demonstrations andactivities ， all targetedat highlighting the need for protecting Earth and our environment for future generations. Thousands of colleges and universities alsoparticipated. Members of different groups learnedthey sharedcommon values.

Earth Day was a tremendous success.It hasnow become a global phenomenon. In 1990，for example, over 200 million people in 141 countries were organized to bring environmental issues,especially recycling, to the forefront of global consciousness.Today,Earth Day campaigns continue to publicize important environmental issues,such asglobal warming, dean energy,and recycling.

If you ’ re wondering what you cando to make Earth a better place，participating in Earth Day activities is a greatplace to start- By attending a rally ，meeting, or demon-station, you canlearn about the environmental problems facing our planet. To really make a difference, though, you needto turn the knowledge you gain into action. Volunteering for an environmental group or helping to organize an Earth Day event to educate others is one way to make adifference. More importantly, however, you can make changesin your daily life. Here are a few suggestions：

Conserveenergy andnatural resources!Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Take shorter showers. Turn down the thermostat(恒温器） in winter andturn it up during the summer.

Plant a tree! Treesproduce oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the air. They will benefit you andfuture generations.

Reduce, reuse,and recycle! The amount of trashhumans produce increaseseachyear. Do your part by reducing the amount of stuff you buy，reusing the stuff you already have, and recycling asmuch as possible.

32. Earth Day was setup in order to______.

A.help California recover from the 1969 oil spill

B.help Nelson realize his dream of becoming a senator

C.remember those who suffered greatly in the oil spill

D.improve the public’s awarenessof environmental protection

What happenedon April 22, 1970, according to the passage？A.Different groups met to discussenvironmental issues

B.Thousands of college studentswent out into the streetsto protest

C.Environmental activists targetedat governments

D.Millions of Americans participated in environmental protection activities

In 1990, Earth Day campaigns focused on publicizing_____？A.recycling

B.clean energy

C.the effects of global warming

D.the benefits of cycling

To make Earth abetter place, you canstart from______.A.demonstrating againstthe government

B.learning more about Earth

C.getting involved in Earth Day campaigns

D.volunteering to teach in schools

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第9题

1. When first ________,these products were widely accepted by consumers.(introduce)

当初次被介绍到市场上时，这些产品很受消费者欢迎。

2. He made it clear________the problem by himself.(solve)

他澄清自己能解决这个问题。

3. The manager insisted that________the companies who had done something that hurt our feelings.

(break)

经理坚持要求我们与伤害了我们感情的公司决裂。

4. By no means________before your parents.(tell)

你决不能在父母面前撒谎。

5. When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what________.(mark)

当你拿回试卷时，一定要特别注意那些批改了的地方。

6. She is proud of her two sons,________is now studying in the US.(young)

她为两个儿子感到自豪，其中年龄小的那个正在美国学习。

7. It is those who are willing to give rather than receive __________to be respected.(deserve)

是那些宁愿付出而不愿获取的人应该得到尊重。

8. Since 1978,________in this small village.(take)

自从1978年以来，这个小村庄发生了巨大的变化。

9. She________her homework when her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.

(hardly)

昨天她刚完成作业，妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。

10. He knows so much about this problem! He________a lot of books.(refer)

他对于这个问题知道得这么多！他一定是翻阅了大量的书。

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