Vanity Fair, as a masterpiece of Thackeray, is famous for its excellent character portrayal and its keen social satire on a world of snobbery and money-grabbing. Write a short essay of no less than 200 words to define satire and show how Thackeray makes use of it in Vanity Fair. In the first paragraph, define satire clearly. In the following paragraphs, support your view with supporting details from the passages. Finally, bring your essay to a conclusion naturally. (20分) On nothing per annum（每年）then, and during a course of some two or three years, of which we can afford to give but a very brief history, Crawley and his wife lived very happily and comfortably at Paris. It was in this period that he quitted the Guards and sold out of the army. When we find him again, his mustachios (八字须) and the title of Colonel on his card are the only relics (遗留) of his military profession. It has been mentioned that Rebecca, soon after her arrival in Paris, took a very smart and leading position in the society of that capital, and was welcomed at some of the most distinguished houses of the restored French nobility. The English men of fashion in Paris courted her (向她献殷勤), too, to the disgust of the ladies, their wives, who could not bear the parvenue (女暴发户). For some months the salons of the Faubourg St. Germain, in which her place was secured, and the splendours (壮丽辉煌) of the new Court, where she was received with much distinction, delighted and perhaps a little intoxicated (使陶醉) Mrs. Crawley, who may have been disposed during this period of elation to slight (轻视) the people -- honest young military men mostly -- who formed her husband's chief society. But the Colonel yawned sadly among the Duchesses and great ladies of the Court. The old women who played ecarte (玩ecarte纸牌游戏) made such a noise about a five-franc piece that it was not worth Colonel Crawley's while to sit down at a card-table. The wit of their conversation he could not appreciate, being ignorant of their language. And what good could his wife get, he urged, by making curtsies every night to a whole circle of Princesses? He left Rebecca presently to frequent these parties alone, resuming his own simple pursuits and amusements amongst the amiable friends of his own choice. The truth is, when we say of a gentleman that he lives elegantly on nothing a-year, we use the word “nothing” to signify something unknown; meaning, simply, that we don’t know how the gentleman in question defrays（支付） the expenses of his establishment. Now, our friend the Colonel had a great aptitude for all games of chance: and exercising himself, as he continually did, with the cards, the dice-box（骰子盒）, or the cue（球杆）, it is natural to suppose that he attained a much greater skill in the use of these articles than men can possess who only occasionally handle them. To use a cue at billiards（台球）well is like using a pencil, or a German flute, or a small-sword—you cannot master any one of these implements at first, and it is only by repeated study and perseverance, joined to a natural taste, that a man can excel in the handling of either. Now Crawley, from being only a brilliant amateur（业余选手）, had grown to be a consummate master （完美大师）of billiards. Like a great general, his genius used to rise with the danger, and when the luck had been unfavourable to him for a whole game, and the bets were consequently against him, he would, with consummate skill （完美技艺） and boldness, make some prodigious （巨大的） hits which would restore the battle, and come in a victor at the end, to the astonishment of everybody—of everybody, that is, who was a stranger to his play. Those who were accustomed to see it were cautious how they staked their money against a man of such sudden resources, and brilliant and over-powering skill.
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