题目内容
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A．His physical appearance and his action.
B．His way of speaking and behaving.
C．His learning and behavior.
D．His way of acting and thinking.
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M: I gave out 120 copies and I got 70 back.
W: That's a very high rate of return. Who did you give your questionnaires to？
M: I gave a copy to every student in my residence hall and a few to friends from other colleges.
W: Don't you think that this will influence your results？
M: What do you mean？
W: The people in your hall of residence will all be about the same age. They are all students, most of them studying similar subjects and from similar backgrounds. Therefore, it is likely that they will have similar opinions. Your results represent student opinion not public opinion.
M: So how are you going to do your research？
W: I'm going to interview my respondents in the shopping hall. What I'll do is to ask people if they have five minutes to spare to answer a few questions. If they agree I will ask them some multiple choice questions and tick off their answers on my sheet. That way I can select people of all ages and attitudes, so my sample people should be reasonably representative.
M: Isn't it very difficult to ask meaningful questions using multiple choices？
W: Yes, it is. I suppose your survey has the advantage of more detailed information. However, in most cases people won't bother to give answers that require too much effort on their part. The secret to writing a successful survey is to write simple choice questions that target the information you are looking for. Therefore, it is better to write a lot of short specific questions than longer general ones.
M: So that's why it is taking you so long to write.
W: Yeah, but I hope I will be ready to start interviewing at the coming weekend.
(20)
A．His schoolmates.
B．People of different ages.
C．People in the hall of residence.
D．His friends at the university.
—By M. Katherine Glover
Understanding and heeding cultural variables is one of the most significant aspects of being successful in any international business endeavor. A lack of familiarity with the business practices, social customs, and etiquette of a country can weaken a company's position in the market, prevent it from accomplishing its objectives, and ultimately lead to failure.
As business has become increasingly international and communications technology continues to develop, the need for clearly understood communication between members of different cultures is even more crucial.
Growing competition for international markets is another reason that companies must consider cultural distinctions. As Secretary of Commerce Robert Mosbacher indicated, "American companies have to rely on all available tactics for winning in the global marketplace today. Learning international business diplomacy should be the first step they take."
Customs vary widely from one country to another. Something with one meaning in one area may mean the opposite somewhere else. Some of the cultural distinctions that firms most often face include differences in business styles, attitudes towards development of business relationships, attitudes to wards punctuality, negotiating styles, gift-giving customs, greetings, significance of gestures, meanings of colors and numbers, and customs regarding titles.
American firms must pay close attention to different styles of doing business and the degree of importance placed on developing business relation ships. In some countries, business people have a very direct style, while in others they are much more subtle in style. Many nationalities value the personal relationship more than most Americans do in business. In these countries, long-term relationships based on trust are necessary for doing business. Many U.S. firms make the mistake of rushing into business discussions and "coming on too strong" instead of nurturing the relationship first. According to Roger Axtell in his book Do's and Taboos of Hosting International Visitors, "There is much more to business than just business in many parts of the world. Socializing, friendships, etiquette, grace, and patience are integral parts of business. Jumping right into business discussions before a get-acquainted interlude can be a bad mistake."
Charles Ford, Commercial Attach6 in Guatemala, cites this cultural distinction as the greatest difference between the American and Guatemalan styles of doing business. The inexperienced American visitor, he claims, of ten tries to force a business relationship. The abrupt "always watching the clock" style. rarely works in Guatemala. A better informed business executive would, he advises, engage in small talk about Guatemala, indicate an interest in the families of his or her business associates, join them for lunch or dinner, and generally allow time for a personal relationship to develop. Solid business opportunities usually follow a strong personal relationship in Guatemala. This holds true for Latin America in general;
Building a personal rapport is also important when doing business in Greece, according to Sondra Snowdon, President of Snowdon's International Protocol, Inc., a firm that trains and prepares executives in cross-cultural communications. Business entertaining is usually done in the evening at a local taverna (咖啡厅), and spouses are often included. The relaxed atmosphere is important to building a business relationship based on friendship.
Belgians, however, are the opposite, Snowdon says. They are likely to get down to business right away and are usual
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
M: I prefer an angry sea. That makes me feel better whenever I'm sad.
Q: What does the man like？
(14)
A．A stormy ocean.
B．Calm water.
C．Golden sand.
D．Little waves.
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.
听力原文：M: It's always so hot and humid in here.
W: That's because there are so many plants and windows.
Q: Where did this conversation most likely take place？
(12)
A．In a factory.
B．In a flower shop.
C．In a heating plant.
D．In a locked room.
M: I'm sorry. You can hardly expect me to do that.
Q: What does the man mean？
(18)
A．He doesn't think he'll do that.
B．He finds it difficult to do that.
C．He has no time to do that.
D．He knows nothing about math.
W: Yes, can I help you？
M: Yes, uh...I want to take an English course in September and I need some information.
W: Sure. Courses start on September 6th and finish right before Christmas on December 22nd. Um...the advanced classes meet every Monday, Wednesday and Friday, from 6 to 8 in the evening, registration is one week before classes begin, so that's August 30th.
M: So there are no classes on Tuesday and Thursday？
W: No, not for advanced students. Only Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
M: And how much is the tuition for one course from September 6th to December 22nd？
W: It's 350 dollars. And if you want to continue in January, that will be another 350.
M: 350 dollars. Hmm. Could you tell me what's in the advanced courses？ W: Let me see. There's advanced grammar, American literature and conversation.
M: Is there any work on pronunciation？
W: No, not at this level.
M: How about writing？ Is there anything on composition？
W: Yes, they do some writing, but most of the work is on grammar, literature and conversation.
M: I see. And just a few more questions. Do you have a language lab where! can work on my pronunciation？ And what about videos and computers？
W: Well, we don't have a language lab. The building is too small. But we do have video and we also have tape recorders in every room.
M: And computers？
W: No, none at present.
M: I see. Well, thank you very much. You're very helpful.
W: You're welcome. Good-bye.
M: Good-bye.
(23)
A．On August 30th.
B．On September 1st.
C．On September 6th.
D．On December 22nd.
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
听力原文： The Internet computer system is helping many people start and operate businesses. But to use the Internet, a person has to learn how to use a computer. A person also needs a telephone line or satellite connection. However, about half the world's population has never even made a telephone call. And most poor people do not own a computer. For these people a "digital divide" exists.
Two meetings were held in the United States to discuss what can be done. One was called the "Digital Dividends Conference." It was held in Seattle, Washington. Officials from large American information technology companies attended. Representatives from non-governmental organizations also attended.
These people are working to make it easier for poor people to use the Internet. The head of Microsoft, Bill Gates, spoke at the meeting. Mr. Gates has given hundreds of millions of dollars to help people in developing countries fight diseases like malaria and AIDS. He said that people have to be healthy before they can use computers and the Internet.
Another conference was held at the World Bank headquarters in Washington, D.C. It was called "Voices of the Poor." It was supported by the British Department for International Development. About 100 people from different organizations attended. They learned that many organizations around the world are using computers and the Internet to help reduce the dig ital divide.
(26)
A．The widening gap between the haves and have-nots, in terms of high tech equipment and knowledge.
B．The sharp distinction between computer experts and computer illiterates.
C．The gulf between the very rich and the very poor.
D．The barrier that keeps the poor people from learning how to use a computer.
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