题目内容
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A．reducing the cost of farming.
B．conserving soil in the long-term interest of the nation.
C．lowering the burden of farmers.
D．helping farmers without shifting the burden onto other taxpayers.
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A、Resource-provider
B、Production practice
C、Synonyms
D、The guided discovery method
A、misunderstood
B、overestimated
C、ignored
D、misjudged
A．American firms are different from Japanese and German firms in human resource management.
B．Extensive retraining is indispensable to effective human resource management.
C．The head of human resource management must be in the central position in a firm's hierarchy.
D．The human resource management strategies of American firms affect their competitive capacity.
Having a good self-image means that people have positive 【25】______ pictures and good, positive feelings about themselves, about what they are capable 【26】______ , and about the roles they play. People with good self-images like themselves, and they are 【27】______ like others. Having a good self-image is based 【28】______ a realistic 【29】______ of one's own worth and value and capabilities.
Stress is an unavoidable, necessary, and potentially healthful 【30】______ of our society. People of all ages 【31】______ stress. Children begin to 【32】______ stress during prenatal development and during childbirth. Examples of stress inducing 【33】______ in the life of a young person are death of a pet, pressure to 【34】______ academically, the divorce of parents, or joining a new youth group. The different ways in which individuals 【35】______ to stress may bring healthful or unhealthy results. One person experiencing a great deal of stress may function exceptionally well 【36】______ another may be unable to function at all. If stressful situations are continually encountered, the individual's physical, social, and mental health are eventually affected.
Satisfying social relations are vital to 【37】______ mental and emotional health. It is believed that in order to, 【38】______ , develop, and maintain effective and fulfilling social relationships people must 【39】______ the ability to know and trust each other, understand each other, influence and help each other. They must also be capable of 【40】______ conflicts in a constructive way.
【21】
A．unstable
B．unsure
C．imprecise
D．impractical
Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style. of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.
These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community's population size and its social heterogeneity. For in- stance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior. including gambling, drugs, etc. large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior. seem to be outcomes of large population size.
Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?
A．Two contrasting views are presented.
B．An argument is examined and possible solutions given.
C．Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time.
D．A detailed description of the difference between urban and small-town life is given.
Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.
Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specially, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.
Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most of ten assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.
In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.
In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is ________.
A．wrong
B．oversimplified
C．misleading
D．unclear
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