For decades, the television was the flagship of any consumer-electronics product line-up.
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Kenneth Keniston, chairman of the Carnegie Council on Children, has referred to television as the "flickering blue parent occupying more of the waking hours of American children than any other single influence -- including both parents and schools". Singer and Singer have characterized it as "a member of the family".
How much television and what kinds of programs do children watch? The answer depends on many factors, including children's age and season of the year. According to Winick and Winick, school-age children watch television between seventeen and thirty hours a week. For preschool children it is often as high as fifty four hours a week. Nancy 'Larrick, a reading specialist and children' s author, has pointed out that "by the time the child goes to kindergarten, he or she will have devoted more hours to watching television than a college student spends in tour years of classes... And by the time the youngster graduates from high school, he or she will have spent roughly 11,000 hours in school compared to more than 22,000 hours in front of television."
Children are not just watching so-called children' s programs. On the contrary, according to figures re- leased by the A.C. Nielsen Company, only 13 percent of television viewing among six-to-eleven-year-old children occurs on Saturday between eight A.M. and one P.M.. The largest portion of their viewing, 33 percent, takes place between eight and eleven P.M. Monday through Saturday and between seven and eleven P.M. on Sunday.
Who selects the programs that children watch? According to Bower, when mothers and children watch together, the mother makes selections in 37 percent of the cases; joint decisions occur 27 percent of the time; 33 percent of the time children decide by themselves. In a study by Lyle and Hoffman, over 60 of mothers of first-graders reported that they placed no restrictions on the amount of time they permitted their children to watch television.
Teachers, schools, and parent associations have become increasingly concerned about the effects of television on school performance. Based on their class-room experiences, many teachers have reported mounting incidences of fatigue, tension, and aggressive behavior, as well as lessened spontaneity and imagination.
The author uses the "flickering blue parent" in Para. 2 to imply that_____.
A.television is very kind and gentle
B.television is like loving parents
C.television occupies too much time of children
D.parents should learn from television
?Read the text below about television network.
?In most of the lines (41-52) there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.
?If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.
?If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.
Thanks to the Internet, an alternative to the traditional unhappy model of which
supplier-customer interaction is finally becoming possible. In all sorts of markets,
41.customers will soon be able to describe exactly what they want, and suppliers will be
42.able to deliver what the desired product or service without compromise or delay.
43.The innovation that will catalyze into this shift is what I call the choiceboard.
44.Choiceboards are interactive, on-line systems that allow individual customers to design for
45.their own products by choosing from a menu of attributes, or components, prices, and
46.delivery options. The customers' selections send signals to the supplier's manufacturing
47.system that set it in motion the wheels of procurement, assembly and delivery.
48.The role of the customer in this system shifts from a passive recipient to active designer.
49.That shift is just the most recent stage in the long-term evolution of the customer's role of
50.in the economy. For most of the twentieth century, the customers were "product takers" and
51."price takers", accepting suppliers' goods at suppliers prices. Over the past two decades,
52.as customers became more sophisticated and being gained greater power over the buying process, they stopped being price takers.
(41)
Currently, American investors own almost all the flagship chipmakers in that country.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
"Nobody knows where the Web is taking us, but when it comes to journalism, old media will be dominant players in the new media game," Mullins believes. "Some rating services report that most Americans go to sites operated by old-line media when looking for news on the web."
Just as national old media dominate the Web at that level, local old media run mostly by news papers and, to a lesser degree, by television stations dominate those markets. Is there a pattern here? Mullins and Stovall suggest that" At least in the first decade of the Web, newspaper companies dominate Web journalism ,because they specialize in news, and that gives them an advantage. Most readers browse through the websites for news and e-mail, a form. of person-to-person news, especially in the form. of chatting."
The reason for newspapers' dominance in web journalism, Stovall points out, is that they have the biggest investment in news. "The Birmingham News, for example ,with about 175 positions, has more journalists on its payroll than all of the state's broadcast, cable, and Web-only entities combined."
What role does the Internet play in journalism according to paragraph 1?
A.It dominates the media market.
B.It is likely to threaten the future of traditional media.
C.It becomes a helpful partner of print media.
D.It revolutionizes journalism.
Why did Coca-Cola Company decide to change the flavor of the company's flagship brand?
A.Because it' s in their plan.
B.Because of consumers' preference.
C.Because of the competition brought by Pepsi Company--the "Pepsi Challenge" campaign.
D.Because the management don' t want to keep that brand anymore.
Why did Coca-Cola Company decide to change the flavor of the company's flagship brand?
A.Because it's in their plan.
B.Because of consumers' preference.
C.Because of the competition brought by Pepsi Company the "Pepsi Challenge" cam paign.
D.Because the management don't want to keep that brand any more.
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