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第二篇A new international study shows that six people die every minute from smoking. That

第二篇

A new international study shows that six people die every minute from smoking. That equals 3 million deaths around the world every year. If the present rate (率)of smoking continues, the number of deaths each year from smoking could rise to 10 million by the year 2020.

The study describes smoking as the biggest cause to deadly diseases among grown-ups in industrial countries. So far most of the smoking deaths have happened on men, especially in developing countries.

A researcher at the World Health Organization says 70% of Chinese men smoke more than 15 cigarettes each day. In Latin America about 50% of the men are smokers. There also is a very large number of smokers in the former Soviet Union(苏联)and in the east Europe. And 25% of all smoking deaths worldwide are in those areas of the world. Scientists say smoking will kill 50% of the countries.

Smoking is known to cause lung cancer. It also can lead to cancer of the mouth and other parts of bodies. Smokers are more likely than non-smokers to suffer from heart disease.

Experts say that people reduce their chance of dying from smoking if they stop smoking completely. They say smokers who give up smoking can improve their health.

The main idea of this passage is that ______.

A. we must give up smoking

B. smoking causes lung caner

C. smoking does harm to health

D. men like smoking much more than women

提问人:网友zhoulj 发布时间:2022-01-07
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第1题
第二篇 Late-night Drinking

Coffee lovers, be careful. Having a quick"pick-me-up" cup of coffee late in the day will interrupt your sleep.As well as being a stimulant(剂 ), caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin(褪黑激素) ,the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep.

Melatonin levels normally start to riseabout two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 am and 4 am, before falling again. "It's theneurohormone (神经激素) thatcontrols our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake,"says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemi-ology Research Centerat Stanford University in California. But researchers inIsraelhavefound thatcaffeinated coffee halves the body's levels of this sleep hormone.

Lotan Shilo and a team at the SapirMedical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volun-teers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffeethan after drinking the same amount of decaf (脱咖啡因咖啡). On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinkingcaffeinated coffee, com-pared with 415 minutes after decaf. They also took halfan hour to drop off, twice as long as usual

In the second phase of the experiment,the researchers woke the volunteers every three hours andasked them to give aurine (尿) sample. Shilo measured concentrations of abreakdown product of me-latonin. The results suggest that melatoninconcentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decafdrinkers. In apaper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest thatcaffeineblocks production of the enzyme(酶)that drives melatonin production.

Because it can take many hours toeliminate caffeine from the body. Ohayon recommends that cof-fee lovers switchto decaf after lunch.

The author mentions"pick-me-up" to indicate that

A.melatonin levels need to be raised.

B.coffee is a stimulant.

C.neurohormone can wake us up.

D.caffeine can balance our brain hormone.

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第2题
Zeus had affairs with Alcmene, who gave birth to ____________.

A、Heracles

B、Hermes

C、Dionysus

D、Minos

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第3题
Reading comprehension.????A study involving 8, 500...
Reading comprehension.
A study involving 8, 500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found that most of them are ignorant

when it comes to money. The findings, the first in a series of reports from NatWest that has started a five-

year research project into teenagers and money, arc particularly worrying as this generation of young people

is likely to be burdened with greater debts man any before.

University tuition fees (学费) are currently capped at £3,000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year

and the Government is under enormous pressure to raise the ceiling.

In the research, the teenagers were presented with die terms of four different loans but 76 per cent failed

to identify the cheapest. The young people also predicted that they would be earning on average £ 31.000 by

the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 to 29 is just £ 17,815. The teenagers expected

to be in debt when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would

be less than £ 10.000. Average debts for graduates are £ 12,363.

Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns NatWest,

said. "The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them,

the more likely they arc to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently

and effectively."

Ministers are deeply concerned about the financial pressures on teenagers and young people because of

student loans and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki

Fair-weather, aged 15 from St Helens, said that she had benefited from lessons on personal finance, but

admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money.

1. Which of the following can be found from the five-year research project?
A. Students understand personal finances differently.

B. University tuition fees in England have been rising.

C. Teenagers tend to overestimate their future earnings.

D. The students' payback ability has become a major issue.

2. The phrase "to raise the ceiling" in paragraph 2 probably means "______".
A. to raise the student loans

B. to improve the school facilities

C. to increase the upper limit of the tuition

D. to lift the school building roofs

3. According to Stephen Moir, students ______.
A. are too young 10 be exposed 10 financial issues

B. should learn 10 manage their finances well

C. should maintain a positive attitude when facing loans

D. benefit a lot from lessons on personal finance

4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Many British teenagers do not know money matters well.

B. Teenagers in Britain are heavily burdened with debts.

C. Financial planning is a required course at college.

D. Young people should become responsible adults.

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第4题
第三篇

Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes(运动员). Stress can be physical emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷)in themselves.

Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important that the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicated that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.

An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ______.

A. to make sports less competitive

B. to make sports more challenging

C. to reduce their mental stress

D. to increase their sense of success

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第5题
Hospital visits can be unsettling for all (51) and visitors are often unsure of how to behave at the bedside of sick friend or (52) .

This may explain why so many people shy away from a hospital visit--not for fear of infection (53) rather of saying the wrong thing. By following a few simple guidelines though, embarrassment can easily be avoided.

"A visit is important for a sick person because it allows them to (54) social contact," says Karl Koehle, professor at the Institute for Psychosomatics and Clinical Psychology at Cologne University. Visiting (55) , he says, can actually strengthen interpersonal relationships. "Unfortunately, many people only think of this aspect during the first few weeks."

Then again, not (56) patient may want to receive visitors. So it's always advisable to arrange a visit (57) with the sick person or a close friend or relative. "That applies particularly to visits to a home, even more than in hospital," says Inge Wolff, head of the international Working Group on Etiquette in Bielefeld.

But moderation is (58) . There are frequent cases of (59) ill people becoming worn (60) by an endless streams of visitors. "That's when the doctors might call a halt to it," says Koehle from experience. "And the other patients in the ward need to be taken into (61) , too," says etiquette expert Inge Wolff. They can often feel pestered by a neighbour's frequent visits.

Mobile phones should always be turned off and kept out of (62) during a visit. Otherwise, the sick person could get the impression that the visitor really has no time and would like to be off as soon as an opportune moment (63) , says Wolff. (64) hospitals forbid the use of cellphones in the vicinity of hospital equipment.

Visitors should take a small gift such as a newspaper or magazine, (65) a book. Sweets are tricky, says Inge Wolff, because the patient maybe under instructions to keep to a special diet. Also, the present shouldn't be too large or "over the top"-- such as a huge basket of fruit.

51. A. concern

B. excluded

C. included

D. involved

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第6题
A. relative

B. relation

C. relativity

D. related

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第7题
A. every

B. any

C. /

D. some

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第8题
A. forward

B. ahead

C. Beforehand

D. before

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第9题
A. accounting

B. account

C. the account

D. accounts

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