题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
An embedded device is a (74) that has been devised to perform. some certain functionsIt is dedicated to execute a particular task that might require processors that are powerful. A .peripheral
A.peripheral
B.computer system
C.kermel
D.user design
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An embedded operating system is the(71)program that manages all the other programs in an embedded device after initial load of programs by a(an)(72). It normally guarantees a capability within a specified(73)size and(74)constraint as well as with application programs. It also n0rmalty has small foot print including initial boot loader, OS kernel, required device drivers,(75)for the user data and so forth. It has very-likely structure of a normal operating system however mainly differentiated by some factors such as type of pre-installed device, functional limits, taking designed job only.
A．hardware
B．business
C．software
D．external
（71）A. hardware B. business C. software D. external
（72）A. driver B. application C. kernel D. boot loader
（73）A. data B. storage C. bus D. CPU
（74）A. time B. format C. controller D. packet
（75）A. JAFFS B. format C. file systems D. protocol
Computers, which once only remembered data, will make more decisions. Machines that today tell doctors what symptoms the patients have may soon be recommending whether or not to perform. surgery as well. Others will design new buildings after questioning buyers about their preferences. Increasingly, human thought processes and even values are being programmed into computers, according to Earl Joseph, president of a consulting firm. "Imagine machines which are smarter and more intelligent than humans and, with their embedded(植入的) initiative, can't wait to tell you about it," he says.
In everyday life, the future will mean talking directly to computers without pushing buttons. Just tell a toaster, stove or other kitchen device what to do, and it will hear the message. The oven may even decide itself how long to cook the roast. Tell the television, "I want to watch Channel 12 at 8 p.m., but store the show for next week," and the job will be done.
The computer will talk back, too. Already some soft-drink machines complain loudly if you don't deposit enough cash. At home, a bedside machine may someday tell you, "You forgot to turn off the basement light."
Away from home, the automobile of the future will think for itself. Scientists predict that drivers will feed destinations into a computer that will then explain what route to take and even tell where parking spaces are available. A city's traffic-control system might instruct the car's computer how fast to go in heavy traffic and whether to change lanes.
This passage mainly discusses ______.
A．the history of computers
B．the different functions of computers
C．the computer in the 21st century
D．scientific breakthroughs in the 21st century
(b) Explain the meaning of Stephanie’s comment: ‘I would like to get risk awareness embedded in the culture
at the Southland factory.’ (5 marks)
Blind from birth, Wonder has waited his whole life for a chance to see. Recently, Wonder visited Mark Humayan, a vision specialist. He thought that a new device currently being studied by Humayan might offer him that chance.
The device, a retinal prosthesis, is a tiny computer chip implanted inside a patient's eye. The chip sends images to the brain and allows some sightless people to see shapes and colors. Wonder hoped the retinal prosthesis might work for him. "I've always said that if ever there's possibility of my seeing," said Wonder, "then I would take the challenge."
Unfortunately for Wonder, that challenge will have to wait. Humayan explained that the device isn't ready for people who have been blind since birth. Their brains may not be able to handle signals from a retinal prosthesis because their brains have never handled signals from a healthy eye.
However the retinal prosthesis and other devices show great promise in helping many other sightless people who once had vision see again. Perhaps one day soon, some formerly sightless people may be in Wonder's audience looking up—and seeing him—for the very first time.
Wonder's willingness to take part in retinal prosthesis studies and the results of those studies are giving new hope to people who thought they would be blind for the rest of their lives. More than one million people in the United States are considered legally blind, meaning that their eye- sight is severely impaired. Another one million are totally blind.
Two types of specialized cells in the retina—rods and cones—are critical for proper vision. Light enters the eye and falls on the rods and cones in the retina. Those cells convert the light to electrical signals, which travel through the optic nerve to the brain. The brain interprets those signals as visual images. Rods detect light at low levels of illumination. For instance, rods allow you to see faint shadows in dim moonlight. Cones, on the other hand, are most sensitive to color.
Some diseases can damage cells in the retina. For instance, macular degeneration causes blind ness and other vision problems in 700,000 people in the United States each year. The condition i caused by a lack of adequate blood supply to the central part of the retina. Without blood, the rods, cones, and other cells in the retina die.
Devices such as the retinal prosthesis won't prevent or cure our eye diseases, but they ma help patients who have eye disorders regain some of their vision. Different forms of retinal presto sis are currently being developed. On one type, a tiny computer chip is embedded in the eye The chip has a grid of about 2,500 light-sensing elements called pixels.
Light entering the eye strikes the pixels, which convert the light into electrical signals. The pixels then send the electrical signals to nerve cells, behind the retina. Those cells send signals vi the optic nerve to the brain for interpretation.
Many people who have had a retinal prosthesis implanted say they can see shapes, colors and movements that they couldn't see before. "It was great," said Harold Churchey, who n ceived his retinal prosthesis 15 years after he became totally blind. "To see light after so long—was just wonderful. It was just like switching a light on."
Why did Steve Wonder visit Mark Humayan？
A．He thought Mark's device might recover his eyesight.
B．He thought Mark might need his help in developing the device.
C．He thought Mark might want to listen to his Superstition.
D．He thought Mark might implant a chip into his right eye.
Blind from birth, Wonder has waited his whole life for a chance to see. Recently, Wonder visited Mark Hamayan, a vision specialist. He thought that a new device currently being studied by Humayan might offer him that chance.
The device, a retinal prosthesis, is a tiny computer chip implanted inside a patient's eye. The chip sends images to the brain and allows some sightless people to see shapes and colors. Wonder hoped the retinal prosthesis might work for him. "I've always said that if ever there's possibility of my seeing," said Wonder, "then I would take the challenge."
Unfortunately for Wonder, that challenge will have to wait. Humayan explained that the device isn't ready for people who have been blind since birth. Their brains may not be able to handle signals from a retinal prosthesis because their brains have never handled signals from a healthy eye.
The retinal prosthesis and other devices, however, show great promise in helping many other sightless people who once had vision see again. Perhaps one day soon, some formerly sightless people may be in Wonder's audience looking up—and seeing him—for the very first time.
Wonder's willingness to take part in retinal prosthesis studies and the results of those studies are giving new hope to people who thought they would be blind for the rest of their lives. More than one million people in the United States are considered legally blind, meaning that their eyesight is severely impaired. Another one million are totally blind.
Two types of specialized cells in the retina—rods and cones—are critical for proper vision. Light enters the eye and falls on the rods and cones in the retina. Those cells convert the light to electrical signals which travel through the optic nerve to the brain. The brain interprets those signals as visual images. Rods detect light at low levels of illumination. For instance, rods allow you to see faint shadows in dim moonlight. Cones, on the other hand, are most sensitive to color. Some diseases can damage cells in the retina. For instance, macular degeneration causes blindness and other vision problems in 700,000 people in the United States each year. The condition is caused by a lack of adequate blood supply to the central part of the retina. Without blood, the rods, cones, and other cells in the retina die.
Devices such as the retinal prostheses won't prevent or cure our eye diseases, but they may help patients who have eye disorders regain some of their vision. Different forms of retinal prostheses are currently being developed. On one type, a tiny computer chip is embedded in the eye. The chip has a grid of about 2,500 light-sensing elements called pixels.
Light entering the eye strikes the pixels, which convert the light into electrical signals. The pixels then send the electrical signals to nerve cells behind the retina. Those cells send signals via the optic nerve to the brain for interpretation.
Many people who have had a retinal prosthesis implanted say they can see shapes, colors, and movements that they couldn't see before. "It was great," said Harold Churchey, who received his retinal prosthesis 15 years after he became totally blind. "To see light after so long—it was just wonderful. It was just like switching a light on."
(572 words. Current Science. April 7, 2000)
Why did stevie Wonder visit Mark Humayan？
A．He thought Mark's device might give him the ability to see.
B．He thought Mark might need his help in developing the device.
C．He thought Mark might want to listen to his Superstition.
D．He thought Mark might implant a chip into his right eye.
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.
听力原文： "Japan will start an aggressive push to market abroad its mobile technology, especially the nation's popular wallet phone. " A government official said Tuesday. (Q6) Although Japan boasts some of the most sophisticated cell phones in the world, the nation has failed to make it handset-wireless technology and mobile services-hits outside of Japan. Among the wireless innovations Japan hopes to peddle is the wallet phone. The technology relies on a tiny computer chip embedded in each cell phone, which communicates with a reader device at stores, train stations, and vending machines for cashless payment. This tiny computer chip was developed by Japanese electronics and entertainment company — Sony Corporation.
What is the main idea of the news item？
A．Sony developed a computer chip for cell phones.
B．Japan will market its wallet phone abroad.
C．The wallet phone is one of the wireless innovations.
D．Reader devices are available at stores and stations.
Task 1
Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should make the correct choice.
Peering into the 21st century, authorities on the future see extraordinary changed. New scientific breakthroughs will allow machines to take on more tasks that human brain has traditionally done.
Computers, which once only remembered data, will make more decisions. Machines that today tell doctors what symptoms the patients have may soon be recommending whether or not to perform. surgery as well. Others will design new buildings after questioning buyers about their preferences. Increasingly, human thought processes and even values are being programmed into computers, according to Earl Joseph, president of a consulting firm. "Imagine machines which are smarter and more intelligent than humans and, with their embedded (植入的) initiative, can't wait to tell you about it," he says.
In everyday life, the future will mean talking directly to computers without pushing buttons. Just tell a toaster, stove or other kitchen device what to do, and it will hear the message. The oven may even decide itself how long to cook the roast. Tell the television, "I want to watch Channel 12 at 8 p.m., but store the show for next week," and the job will be done.
The computer will talk back, too. Already some soft-drink machines complain loudly if you don't deposit enough cash. At home, a bedside machine may someday tell you, "You forgot to turn off the basement light."
Away from home, the automobile of the future will think for itself. Scientists predict that drivers will feed destinations into a computer that will then explain what route to take and even tell where parking spaces are available. A city's traffic-control system might instruct the car's computer how fast to go in heavy traffic and whether to change lanes.
This passage mainly discusses ______.
A．the history of computers
B．the different functions of computers
C．the computer in the 21st century
D．scientific breakthroughs in the 21st century
Putting everything and everyone on the Net will open up new commercial opportunities For example, when you visit a new place, your mobile device, knowing your preferences will 【C5】______ suggest the restaurants that serve your favorite wines and foods, list the shows you might like to see, then provide you with maps for how to get there, says Joy, whose company is designing Jini, a 【C6】______ system to automatically link computing devices. The new services electronically link up buyers and sellers who 【C7】______ no prior contact and may want to do business with each other only once.
These 【C8】______ will take bandwidth and lots of it. Some of the sector's biggest companies are working on making the internet 1,000 times faster and more reliable. Internet service providers will charge accordingly, just as travelers pay different 【C9】______ for first or second class. The system is supposed to give consumers flexibility, allowing them to 【C10】______ bandwidth when they need it.
【C1】______
A．personal
B．personalized
C．person
D．personalizing
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