题目内容
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[主观题]
Malnutrition may be caused by ________（）
A．a poor environment
B．unwise food selections
C．under-nutrition
D．both B and C
提问人：网友lixin080108
发布时间：2022-01-07
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A.nutrition
B.nutrient
C.malnutrition
D.malpractice
题目内容
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更多“Malnutrition may be caused by …”相关的问题
第2题
We know from Paragraph 2 that the major concern of the author is that_______． A.people，wh
We know from Paragraph 2 that the major concern of the author is that_______．
A.people，whether children or adults．may become too obsessed with their weight
B.the heathy-weight children may suffer from eating disorders because of indiscriminate dieting program
C.applying the satne anti—obesity program to both adults and children may subject children to malnutrition
D.dieting may turn into an external pressure for children which may impair their health physically and mentally
第3题
Malnutrition （营养不良)A new World Bank report warns that children who don't get enough go
Malnutrition (营养不良)
A new World Bank report warns that children who don't get enough good food in the first two years of life suffer lasting damage. They may be underdeveloped or underweight. They may suffer from poor health or limited intelligence. In addition, poorly nourished children are more likely to drop out of school and earn less money as adults.
The report notes that too little food is not the only cause of poor nutrition. Many children who live in homes with plenty of foods utter for other reasons. For example, the study says that mothers often fail to give their newly born babies their first breast milk. This milk-like substance is called colostrum. It is full of nutrients that improve a baby's ability to fight infections and disease.
The study also links malnutrition to economic growth in poor countries. A lack of nutrition in early children can cost developing nations up to three percent of their yearly earnings. Many of these same countries have economies that are growing at a rate of two or three percent yearly. The study suggests that poor countries could possibly double their economic growth if they improved nutrition.
Africa and South Asia are affected the most by poor nutrition. The study says about half of all children in India do not get enough good food. The World Bank study also notes that rates of malnutrition in South Asia are almost double those in central and southern Africa. Other parts of world are also severely affected, including Indonesia, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Guatemala and Peru.
The study recommends that developing countries change their policies to deal with malnutrition. Instead of directly providing food, the study suggests educational programs in health care.
World Bank nutrition specialist Meera Shekar said the period of life between pregnancy and two years was extremely important. Governments with limited resources should take direct action to improve nutrition for children during this period.
What is NOT the symptom of lasting damage？
A．They may not get enough good nutrition in the first two years.
B．They may be underdeveloped or underweight.
C．They may feel painful from poor health or limited intelligence.
D．They mybe more likely to drop out of school or earn less money as adults.
第4题
Systematic efforts at national nutrition planning in developing countries go back barely
a decade. During that brief time there has been considerate progress in establishing the extent and causes of【M1】______ malnutrition and what can be done to reduce it. Ten years ago, malnutrition was often thought of to reflect【M2】______ primarily a shortage of protein(and in some cases, vitamins or minerals). Most nutrition programs concentrated on providing high-protein food to children, usually in schools. However, emphasis【M3】______ today is similar. There is now a wide measure of agreement on several broad propositions. Serious and extensive nutritional deficiencies occur in virtually all developed countries, though they are worst in【M4】______ low-income countries. They are usually caused by undernourishment, not by an imbalance of calories and protein. There may often be【M5】______ shortage of specific micronutrients and of protein, especially with【M6】______ young children. But giving the typical composition of the diets of the poor, to【M7】______ the extent that calorie requirements(as estimated by the FAO and the WHO)are met, it is unlikely that other nutritional needs will also be【M8】______ satisfied. Malnutrition affects old and young, male and female, urban and rural dwellers; particularly prevalent among children under five, it reduces their resistance of diseases and is a major cause of their【M9】______ death. In many societies, girls suffer more than boys. Malnutrition is largely a reflection of poverty; people do not have enough ample【M10】______ income for food. On the condition of the slow income growth that is likely for poverty-struck people in the foreseeable future, a large number of people will remain malnourished for decades to come.
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【M1】
第5题
A new World Bank report warns that children who do not get enough good food in the first t
wo years of life suffer lasting damage. They may be underdeveloped or underweight. They may suffer from poor health or limited intelligence. In addition, poorly nourished children are more likely to drop out of school and earn less money as adults.
点击查看答案
The report notes that too little food is not the only cause of poor nutrition. Many children who live in homes with plenty of food suffer for other reasons. For example, the study says that mothers often fail to give their newly born babies their first breast milk. This milk-like substance is called colostrum(初乳). It is full of nutrients that improve a baby's ability to fight infections and disease.
The study also links malnutrition(营养不良)to economic growth in poor countries. A lack of nutrition in early childhood can cost developing nations up to three percent of their yearly earnings. Many of these same countries have economies that are growing at a rate of two to three percent yearly. The study suggests that poor countries could possibly double their economic growth if they improved nutrition.
Africa and South Asia are affected the most by poor nutrition. The study says about half of all children in India do not get enough good food. The World Bank study also notes that rates of malnutrition in South Asia are almost double those in central and southern Africa. Other parts of the world are also severely affected, including Indonesia, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Guatemala and Peru.
The study recommends that developing countries change their policies to deal with malnutrition. Instead of directly providing food, the study suggests educational programs in health and nutrition for mothers with young babies. It also recommends cleaner living conditions and improvements in health care.
World Bank nutrition specialist Meera Shekar said the period of life between pregnancy and two years is extremely important. Governments with limited resources should take direct action to improve nutrition for children during this period.
What's the main topic of the passage？
A．Poor nutrition in developing countries.
B．World Bank research.
C．Economic growth rate.
D．Ways to fight malnutrition in developed countries.
第6题
Part ADirections: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by cho
Part A
Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The struggle against malnutrition and hunger is as old as man himself, and never across the face of our planet has outcome been more in doubt. Malnutrition caused much suffering to an estimated 400 million to 1.5 billion of the world's poor. Even in the wealthy US poverty means undernourishment for an estimated ten to twenty million. Hardest hit are children, whose growing bodies demand two and a half times more protein, pound for pound, than those of adults. Nutrition experts estimate that 70 percent of the children in low-income countries are affected.
Badly shaped bodies tell the tragic story of malnutrition. Medical science identifies two major types of malnutrition which usually occur in combination. The first, kwashiorkor (恶性营养不良), is typified by the bloated look. The opposite of what we associate with starvation. Accumulated fluids pushing against wasted muscles account for the plumpness of hands, feet, belly, and face. Lean shoulders reveal striking thinness. Caused by an acute lack of protein kwashiorkor can bring brain damage, anemia, diarrhea, irritability, apathy, and loss of appetite.
On the other hand, stick limbs, a bloated belly, wide eyes, and the stretched skin face of an old person mark victims of marasmus, a word taken from the Greek "to waste away". Lacking calories as well as protein, sufferers may weigh only half as much as normal. With fat gone, the skin hangs in wrinkles or draws tight over bones. With marasmus comes anemia, diarrhea, dehydration, and a very hungry appetite. Children, whose growing bodies require large amounts of protein, have to suffer in greatest numbers, but perhaps only three percent of all child victims suffer the extreme stages described.
Scientists are doing best to develop new weapons against malnutrition and starvation. But two thirds of the human population of 3.9 billion live in the poorest countries which also have the highest birth rates. Thus, of the 74 million people added to the population each year, four out of five will be born in a country unable to supply its people's nutritional needs.
Malnutrition has caused much suffering to millions of people all over the world for a long time______.
A．but the problem is not as serious now as before
B．and the problem is as serious now as at any time before
C．but the future looks quite promising
D．but the problem is likely to become less serious
第7题
听力原文： In its most extreme form, poverty is a lack of basic human needs, such as adequa
te and nutritious food, clothing, housing, clean water, and health services./Extreme poverty can cause terrible suffering and death,/and even poverty can prevent people from realizing many of their desires./The world' s poorest people--many of whom live in developing areas of Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe--struggle daily for food, shelter, and other necessities./They often suffer from severe malnutrition, infectious disease outbreaks, famine, and war./In wealthier countries--such as the United States, Canada, Japan, and those in Western Europe-- the effects of poverty may include poor nutrition, mental illness, drug dependence, crime, and high rates of disease./Extreme poverty, which threatens people' s health or lives, is also known as destitution or absolute poverty./Relative poverty is the condition of having fewer resources or less income than others within a society or country, or compared to worldwide averages./
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(1)
第8题
Prolonged and excessive use of alcohol can seriously undermine an individual's health. Phy
sical deterioration occurs. Large quantities of alcohol can directly damage body tissue and indirectly cause malnutrition. Nutritional deficiencies can result for several reasons. Alcohol contains empty calories, which have no significant nutritive value. When consumed in substantial amounts, alcohol curbs one's appetite for more wholesome foods. Excessive alcohol intake can interfere with the proper digestion and absorption of food. Therefore, even the heavy drinker who does eat a well-balanced diet is deprived of me essential nutrients. Maintenance of a drinking habit can deplete economic resources otherwise available for buying good, wholesome food. Malnutrition itself further reduces the body's ability to utilize the nutrients consumed. The result of damaged tissue and malnutrition can be brain injury, heart disease, diabetes, or cancer of the liver, and weakened muscle tissue. Untreated alcoholism can reduce one's life span by ten to twelve years.
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Heavy alcohol consumption also affects the body's usage of other drugs and medications. The dosages required by excessive drinkers may differ from those required by normal or non-drinkers. Serious consequences can be incurred unless the prescribing physician is aware of the patient's drinking habits.
Sudden death may result from excessive drinking. It might occur when the individual has ingested such a large amount of alcohol that the brain center controlling breathing and heart action is adversely affected, or when taking some other drugs, particularly sleep preparations along with alcohol. Death, as a result of excessive drinking, can come during an automobile accident since half of all fatal traffic accidents involve the use of alcohol. Many self-inflicted deaths, as well as homicides, involve the use of alcohol.
It is important to remember that alcohol is a drug that is potentially addictive. Once the user is hooked on alcohol, withdrawal symptoms occur when it is not sufficiently available to body cells. At the onset of developing alcohol addiction, these symptoms may be relatively mild and include hand tremors, anxiety, nausea, and sweating. As dependency increases, so does the severity of the withdrawal syndrome and the need for medical assistance to cope with it.
In 1956 the American Medical Association supported the growing acceptance of alcoholism as an illness, falling under the treatment jurisdiction of the medical profession. Since then, the medical resources for problems of acute and chronic intoxication have increased and improved.
To develop his point, the author has used______.
A．sensory words
B．convincing arguments
C．scientific facts
D．figures of speech
第9题
听力原文：In most corners of the world malnutrition is plainly a matter of outright insuffi
ciency of food for population -- where the majority of the people do not obtain enough food calories to meet minimal needs for support of physical work and for maintenance of health. Elsewhere the problem may be not one of insufficient calories but of lack of specific nutrients essential for health.
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In Latin America, as in other places, the dread protein deficiency disease kwashiorkor is taking its heavy toll on children's lives. Strategic vitamins and minerals may be lacking due to traditional diets which are nutritionally imbalanced. Here people continue their eating pattern year after year without knowledge of what their dietary habits are doing to themselves and to future generation. With a basic knowledge of nutritional needs and deficiencies, efforts would be directed to finding food substitutes which could meet these needs. Mixtures of vegetable proteins, like soybeans and peanuts, could provide an abundance of cheap, useful protein where meats, eggs, and milk are not within economic reach of large groups in the population. Efforts could also be expanded on increasing the agricultural productivity in specific regions; where large areas are given over to relatively inefficient use as grazing land, the intensive production of vegetable protein crops could bring remedial nutrition to an undernourished population.
Cheap protein substitutes from milk, eggs and meat ______.
A．may be obtained from vitamin and minerals
B．are being sought by scientists
C．can be gotten from soybeans
D．can be found in iodized salt
第10题
In most corners of the world malnutrition is plainly a matter of outright insufficiency of
food for the population--where the majority of the people do not obtain enough food calories to meet minimal needs for support of physical work and for maintenance of health. Elsewhere the problem may be not one of insufficient, calories but of lack of specific nutrients essential for health.
点击查看答案
In Latin America, as in other places, the dread protein deficiency disease kwashiorkor is taking its heavy toll of children's lives. Strategic vitamins and minerals may be lacking due to traditional diets which are nutritionally imbalanced. Here people continue their eating pattern year after year without knowledge of that their dietary habits are doing to themselves and to future generations.
With a basic knowledge of nutritional needs and deficiencies, efforts could be directed to finding food substitutes which could meet these needs. Mixtures of vegetable proteins, like soybeans and peanuts, could provide an abundance of cheap, useful protein where meat, eggs, and milk are not within economic reach of large groups in the population. Efforts could also be expended on increasing the agricultural productivity in specific regions; where large areas are given over to relatively inefficient use as grazing land, the intensive production of vegetable protein crops could bring remedial nutrition to an undernourished population. Elsewhere, enrichment with specific vitamins and minerals of traditional staple foods that are deficient in essential nutritive factors could wipe out disabling deficiency diseases, like beriberi or pellagra, almost overnight. Similarly, addition of minute amounts of inexpensive iodine to salt could benefit large areas where endemic goiter has been accepted as an integral part of life for generations.
Cheap protein substitutes for milk, eggs, and meat ______.
A．may be obtained from vitamins and minerals
B．are being sought by scientists
C．can be gotten from soybeans
D．can be found in iodized salt
