A．emergedB．mergedC．has combinedD．mixed

Read the article below about profit.

Choose the best sentence to fill each of the gaps.

For each blank 8—12 mark one letter (A—G) on your Answer Sheet.

Do not use any letter more than once.

There is an example at the beginning.

Profit

Entrepreneurship is directly responsible for F The business person (entrepreneur) takes a cue from consumers in deciding what they want—or, in the case of a new product, …8…

Profit means different things to different people. According to some public opinion polls, many people are not sure what it is, but they are sure…9… Workers may look at profit as an unfairly large payment to the entrepreneur that deprives them of a higher wage. The business person thinks of profit…10… During negotiations before the settlement of the second baseball strike in August, 1985, the Players' Association claimed the owners had made profits of $ 91 million, an accounting firm said owner profits were $ 43 million, and the owners insisted they had lost $ 9 million. The truth was that all three were correct. The disparity in the figures was due to the fact that each group was defining profit differently. Let us now see if we can develop a more exact definition of what profit is.

Gross profit is the difference between what a business firm sells its product for and what it costs to produce that product. The merchant buys $ 200, 000 worth of merchandise during the year and sells it for $ 270, 000. His gross profit is $ 70, 000. The percentage difference between his cost and the selling price is 35 percent, and he calls this markup. Net profit is…11…—rent, wages, and interest—and setting aside money to allow for the loss due to depreciation (wearing out) of capital. Our merchant has to subtract from his gross profit his payments for rent ($6, 000), wages ($ 20, 000) interest on money borrowed ($ 1, 000), repairs and upkeep ($ 1, 000), taxes ($ 1, 000), electricity and other expenses $ 1, 000. Expenses for operating the business come to $ 30, 000. Gross profit is $ 70, 000, and net profit is $40, 000.

Economists have a narrower definition of what constitutes profit. They are concerned with payment for all the resources that have gone into production, …12…, like those listed above, or from inside the business.

A what profit really means

B it is too large and represents too much of the consumer's dollar

C as the difference between total revenue and total cost

D what the business person has left after paying expenses

E what they might want

F production

G whether they come from outside the business

(8)

听力原文：Woman: The book has been selling like hot cakes in our bookstore since it was launched three weeks ago. I am going to place another order for the book. I understand they'll be running a second print soon.

(17)

People in different jobs and positions can all learn how to make other people change their minds.

听力原文：Man: Jean, have you got that report all typed up?

Woman: Not yet, Mr. Black. Mrs. Brown asked me to type some letters for her. I'll finish pretty quickly and then I'll start on that.

Man: Don't forget I need it first thing in the morning. I have to take along to Chicago to the regional meeting.

Woman: Don't worry, I'll get it done. My husband is on a business trip, too. He's in Detroit today, and tomorrow he'll be in Boston. So I'm planning to stay late. After it's typed up I'll leave it on your desk. It should be finished by 8:00.

Man: I'm sorry to keep you so late.

Woman: It's all right, Mr. Black. Really, I don't mind at all. Besides, I can use a little extra money. My husband's birthday is next month. I want to buy him a new watch.

Man: What kind are you going to get him, a Bulova?

Woman: No, I thought I'd get a Rolex, or an Elgin. I don't really know much about watches.

Man: I've got one of those Seiko digitals. I really like it.

Woman: Do you think my husband would like one like that?

Man: I'm sure he would.

Woman: If they're that good, I will get him one.

Man: Well, at least he won't get a tie. That's what I usually get.

The woman had to type (1) first before the report.

The man will take the report to Chicago to (2) .

The woman's husband will get a new (3) on his birthday.

The man dislikes a (4) as birthday gift.

(1)

A．use

B．will use

C．pay for

D．will pay for

A．less

B．numerous

C．more

D．many

听力原文：Man: I make $ 500 a month, and what I do every day is to say hello to people when they come up to my window. "Can I help?" and then do their business, that is, take money from them and put it in their account, or give them money out of their account.

(21)

A．Businessmen

B．Candidates

C．Ministers

D．Financiers