题目内容
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A．He built new schools.
B．He built public libraries.
C．He asked people to read his book.
D．He encouraged people to share their books.
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更多“A．He built new schools.B．He bu…”相关的问题
A、broke law by running away from home
B、would make Boston famous by leaving the city
C、ran away to Philadelphia to make his home there
D、ran away from home to New York
听力原文： So, you've been reading about the beginning of modern philanthropy in the late 19m and early 20m centuries—a time of great expansion and progress in the United States—this was during the industrial revolution—and that lead to great wealth for some individuals. Well, today, I want to talk for a moment about Andrew Carnegie, a businessman and investor who rose from a modest background to great wealth, and became one of the most influential philanthropists of the time. He was also the richest man in the world in 1901, when at age 65, he sold his steel business for $ 480 million dollars! However, Carnegie had a long-standing interest in philanthropy and was one of the first wealthy individuals to say publicly that wealthy people had a responsibility to the community—a responsibility to give away their wealth for the benefit of the community.
Now, in 1889, Carnegie published a book—The Gospel of Wealth—and he discussed his ideas about the responsibility of the rich. Carnegie believed that people should only use the money they need to support themselves and their family, and then, beyond that, they… they should give the rest away to help the community. He said, "The man who dies rich dies disgraced." So, in other words, he thought that it was shameful for wealthy people to keep all their money for themselves, that instead they should use their money to help others. In fact, he even disapproved of wealthy people leaving money to charity after they died, instead of giving it away while they were alive. He thought that these people didn't really want to give their money away, that they only made these donations because they couldn’t take the money with them after death! So he had some very strong views about this.
And he followed through on his beliefs! Because by the time he died in 1911, he had given away ninety percent of his fortune—about $ 350 million dollars—that's more than $ 3 million—I'm sorry, I mean $ 3 billion in today's dollars!
As for the motivations for Carnegie's philanthropy… Well, some say it was based on his life experience. For example, take one of his most famous causes: public libraries. During his lifetime he built more than twenty-five hundred public libraries around the world, sixteen hundred of them in the United States. And it goes back to when he was a boy, only 13, and he had to go to work to help support his family. So he couldn't go to school. He loved to read, but there was no public libraries open for anyone to use. However, a rich man lived nearby, and he had a library, and he let Carnegie borrow his books for free! So, that's how Carnegie educated himself, by reading these books. And he never forgot that. He believed that anyone—no matter their background—anyone, with the right inclination and desire, could educate him or herself, and he saw public libraries as an important resource for this.
Now another cause that was very important to Carnegie was that of world peace and the end of war. In 1907, he wrote, "I am drawn more to this cause than to any." He believed that war could be eliminated… it could be ended by building stronger international laws and organizations. So, to that end, he established the Carnegie Endowment for World Peace in Washington DC, with a gift of $10 million dollars. But he had another more controversial idea for promoting world peace--and that was to simplify English spelling. He believed by making English spelling more sensible and regular, it could become a "lingua franca", a common language spoken around the world. And this, in turn, would help international communication. So, he established the Simplified Spelling Board, which he funded with $ 25, 000 per year. Realistically, I don't see why he believed that people would ever change something as… as… central to the language as spelling--most people completely opposed it! So his ideas never caught on, and twelve years later, after spending $ 300,000, he gave up and st
A．The influence of Andrew Carnegie's philanthropy today.
B．The reasons for Andrew Carnegie's philanthropy.
C．The relationship between Andrew Carnegie and other philanthropists.
D．The story of Andrew Carnegie's life.
B．She understands why Carnegie proposed his idea.
C．She doubts whether Carnegie was serious about his plan.
D．She regrets that Carnegie's plan did not succeed.
A．was less politically oriented
B．was dominated by religion
C．began earlier in the history of the New World
D．quickly became less religious in nature
A．It implied that previous scientific achievements were not very impressive.
B．It suggested that the creativity of scientists was limited.
C．It called into question the value of scientific research.
D．It implied that scientists work for personal glory rather than for practical advantages.
B．She doesn't think the noise and traffic in the city matter much.
C．She drives to work every day.
D．She enjoys a natural way of life.
B．Soccer-related business has become the focus of Nike.
C．Nike is bigger than Adidas in soccer-related business.
D．Competition between Nike and Adidas is getting more and more intense.
Gail Pasterczyk, the principal of Indian Pines Elementary in Palm Beach County, Fla. , has added two or three new teaching positions each of the past three years. She's adding two more teachers next year as well as replacing those she'll lose to maternity leave, transfers, and retirement. She doesn't know where the new teachers will come from, if the new hires will be any good, and where she'll find room for all of them. Indian Pines already has 27 portable classrooms and is waiting to break ground on a two-story, 25-classroom addition. "When you start reducing class size, you've got to find more teachers, and you run out of space," she says. "That's the reality. " Her school district, one of the nation's largest, has sent recruiters across the country, and even to Mexico and the Philippines, to fill an expected 1,700 teaching vacancies before the fall. "We are in a race to keep the schools staffed," says Robert Pinkos, a Palm Beach County recruiter who will travel to Baltimore and Madrid next month to troll for teachers.
Two and a half years after Florida voters adopted a constitutional amendment to reduce class sizes, Palm Beach County—and every other school district in the state—are tripping over a major stumbling block: There just aren't enough good teachers to go around. With classes in kindergarten through third grade capped at 18 students, fourth through eighth held at 22, and high school limited to 25, the state will need to hire an estimated 29,604 new teachers by 2009—a prospect that has many people worried. "I have every reason to expect that the quality of teachers will suffer," says John Winn, the state's education commissioner.
Nationwide, 33 states now have laws that restrict class size. And the politically popular educational reform. has proved successful in some areas, particularly among the lowest-performing students. In Burke County, N. C. , for example, discipline problems are down and test scores are up, even for the most disadvantaged students in the district. "On paper these kids should not be succeeding, but they are," says Susan Wilson, a former teacher and now director of elementary education in the rural county.
But this success comes at a price. It means hiring more teachers, building more classrooms, and retraining teachers to work with smaller groups of students. And it means, critics maintain, that states pit their own districts against one another in the race to hire. "When you mandate class-size reduction statewide, the suburban schools tend to draw the best new teachers, and the more urban schools, which already have trouble attracting teachers, can't attract the best candidates," says Steven Rivkin, an economics professor at Amherst College who has studied the effects of class-size reduction on teacher quality. Any gains from cutting class size could be undermined by hiring lower quality teachers.
Resources. Proponents contend that the reform. would be relatively pain-less if existing resources were managed well. "Hiring more teachers is only part of the solution," says Charles Achilles, one of the first researchers to study the effects of reducing class sizes. "The best programs for class-size reduction not only hire more teachers but reassign existing specialty teachers to get them back in the classroom. "
Florida policymakers are trying to find their own way out of the class-size quandary. This month, the Legislature is considering a proposal to roll back some of the size limits in exchange for an increase in teacher pay. Gov. Jeb Bush, who opposed the constitutional amendment in 2002, argues that the compromise will attract more top-quality teachers to the state while reining in costs. Voters could see the proposed change on the ballot as early as September. In the meantime, recruiter Pinkos continues his search for new teachers, sometimes working 10-hour days. His pitch？ "Palm Beach is very beautiful, but the
A．the education authorities will trip to Mexico and the Philippines for new teachers
B．there will be problems of placing redundant teachers
C．quality of teachers will probably go down
D．students are likely get more sophisticated education in smaller class
A．George W. Bush.
B．U.S. Supreme Court.
C．Hillary Clinton.
D．Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
听力原文：W: Well, it seems quite common actually. A lot of people in Australia now are travelling and taking time off. And when I was actually travelling, I met so many people doing the same thing.
M: Yeah, yeah, so where did you start off？
W: Well, I went to New Zealand first. Eh, and got a job in a computer company as a secretary. And I worked there for 4 months.
M: Really？ You can do that, can you？ I mean it's possible for anyone to get a job in New Zealand, without being a New Zealander？
W: No, not everybody, only Australians and New Zealanders can exchange either. You know you can work in either country.
M: Right, yeah.
W: That was easy. I worked there for 4 months and raised enough money for the rest of travels really. So from there I went to Indonesia, and travelled around the different islands around Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, China, Nepal and India.
M: What about Indonesia？ What did you do？ Did you fly mostly between the Islands？
W: Eh, I did a bit of that, and boats, mainly local boats between the Islands.
M: What about Singapore？ People said it's very very modern. But because it is so modern, it's rather boring. Did you find that？
W: Well, it's difficult to say really. It has different attractions. You know the Chinese, Malay, and Hindu communities are there. Each has his own culture and custom, very different from the others. And it's a great big shopping center and I really enjoy it from that point of view. And it was very clean.
M: And after, you said you went to Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and then China？ That's a great country to travel in, isn't it？
W: Eh, it was. Yeah, it was fabulous. It really was. You have been there then？
M: No, I haven't. No, I mean it's very big. What did you do？
W: Yeah. Well, I had only one month to travel in China, and that was too short for such a vast country as China. I felt I didn't have enough time, so I sacrificed a lot of places and did the main tourist throughout really. I went to Beijing, the capital, Kaifeng, Yinchuan, and Tibet.
M: Well, how exciting! You said after Beijing, you went to？
W: That was Kaifeng in the central China's Henan province. It's a charming city, and has got a lot to look around, like temples and pagodas, very traditional.
M: Eh, eh.
W: What fascinated me when I was there was that some Jews went to live in Kaifeng many years ago. As early as 16th century, there were Jewish families there. They have their synagogue and five books of Moses. Even today several hundred descendants of the original Jews still live in Kaifeng.
M: Really, I've never heard of that. And where did you go after Kaifeng？
W: I went to northwest to Yinchuan, the provincial city of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.
M: Is this the place where there always is a shortage of water？
W: No, no, on the contrary, it has got abundant supply of water, because it is near the Yellow River. In this sense, Yinchuan has a favorable geographical position in otherwise harsh surroundings.
M: What did you see there then？
W: Ningxia was once the capital of Western Xia during the 11th century. So outside Yinchuan, you can still see the Western Xia mausoleum, where the Kings and their Kingdoms were buried. The tombs were scattered in a pretty big area at the foot of the Henan Mountain, and inside the city there are famous mosques in the architectural style. of Middle East. It's really a place worth visiting. You got to know something about Chinese Moslems.
M: And that sounds real
A．Because many Australians are taking time off to travel.
B．Because the woman worked for some time in New Zealand.
C．Because the woman raised enough money for travel.
D．Because Australians prefer to work in New Zealand.
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