题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
Why do the scientists want to do the study？ 查看材料
A.They want to make sure if chocolate is really beneficial.
B.They want to see how chocolate improve health.
C.They want to know why people love to eat chocolate.
D.They want to find out the benefits of pure flavanols.
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更多“Why do the scientists want to …”相关的问题
A．He was first of all a scientist.
B．He was not only a naturalist but also a scientist.
C．He was no more than a born naturalist.
D．He was a scientist as well as a naturalist.
根据下列文章,请回答 16～22 题。
Mad Scientist Stereotype Outdated
Do people still imagine a physicist as a bearded man in glasses or has the image of the mad scientist changed？ The Institute of Physics set out to find out whether the stereotype of a physics 'boffin' (科学家)still exists by conducting a survey on shoppers in London. The people were asked to identify the physicist from a photograph of a line-up of possible suspects. 98 percent of those asked got it wrong. The majority of people pick-ed a white male of around 60, wearing glasses and with a white beard.
While this stereotype may have been the image of an average physicist fifty years ago, the reality is now very different. Since 1960 the number of young women entering physics has doubled and the average age of a physicist is now 31.
The stereotype of the absent-minded scientist has lasted a long time because the media and Hollywood help promote the image of men in white lab coats with glasses sitting by blackboards full of equations (等式) or working with fizzing (嘶嘶响) test tubes. These stereotypes are really damaging to society. Very good school children are put off studying science because they don't see people like themselves on television or in magazines doing science. They simply don't relate to the media's image of the mad scientist.
This is one reason why fewer young people are choosing to do science at university. If we want to encourage more young people to study science subjects, we need to change this image of the scientist and make science careers more attractive. But we must also develop children's interest in science.
In an attempt to change this negative image, an increasing number of science festivals are being organized. Thousands of people from secondary schools are also encouraged to take part in nationwide science competitions of which the most popular are the national science Olympiads. Winning national teams then get the opportunity to take part in the International Science Olympiads which are held in a different country every year. These events are all interesting for the young people who take part but they only involve a small proportion of students who are already interested in science. It seems that there is a long way to go before science becomes attractive as subjects like computer studies or fashion and design.
第 16 题 Most people have similar ideas of what a physicist looks like.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
Mad Scientist Stereotype Outdated
Do people still imagine a physicist as a bearded man in glasses or has the image of the mad scientist changed？ The Institute of Physics set out to find out whether the stereotype of a physics "boffin" (科学家) still exists by conducting a survey on shoppers in London. The people were asked to identify the physicist from a photograph of a line-up of possible suspects. 98 percent of those asked got it wrong. The majority of people picked a white male of around 60, wearing glasses and with a white beard.
While this stereotype may have been the image of an average physicist fifty years ago, the reality is now very different. Since 1960 the number of young women entering physics has doubled and the average age of a physicist is now 31.
The stereotype of the absent-minded scientist has lasted a long time because the media and Hollywood help promote the image of men in white lab coats with glasses sitting by blackboards full of equations (等式) or working with fizzing (嘶嘶响) test tubes. These stereotypes are really damaging to society. Very good school children are put off studying science because they don't see people like themselves on television or in magazines doing science. They simply don't relate to the media's image of the mad scientist.
This is one reason why fewer young people are choosing to do science at university. If we want to encourage more young people to study science subjects, we need to change this image of the scientist and make science careers more attractive. But we must also develop children's interest in science.
In an attempt to change this negative image, an increasing number of science festivals are being organized. Thousands of people from secondary schools are also encouraged to take part in nationwide science competitions of which the most popular are the national science Olympiads. Winning national teams then get the opportunity to take part in the International Science Olympiads which are held in a different country every year. These events are all interesting for the young people who take part but they only involve a small proportion of students who are already interested in science. It seems that there is a long way to go before science becomes attractive as subjects like computer studies or fashion and design.
Most people have similar ideas of what a physicist looks like.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
Different Stages of Sleep
A scientist who has spent many years studying sleep was asked this question: "Why do we need sleep？" His answer was."If we do not sleep, we get very sleepy, "No one knows exactly why we sleep．But scientists have learned a lot．From．sleep experiments, scientists have [earned that there are four different stages 0f sleep;
When you first fall asleep, your heart starts to beat more slowly and your breathing slows down．If something wakes you, you might not think that you had been asleep．Some people call this kind of sleep dozing (打盹)．Scientists call it Stage 1 sleep.
Next, if you are no,t awakened, you drift into a deeper sleep．Your pu!se and breathing become even slower than they were during Stage 1 sleep．But you can still be awakened quite easily．If you take a catnap (小睡，打盹), you probably will not get any further than this stage of sleep, which is called Stage 2.
If you sleep longer than about twenty minutes, you go into the third stage of sleep.Your body is very relaxed．It would take a loud noise to wake you up.
You have probably heard of people who walk in their sleep．No one knows what
makes people sleepwalk (梦游)．But a person can sleepwalk only during Stage 4．This is the deepest kind of Sleep．I{ someone wakes you up during Stage 4, you might, feel very confused．It might take you a few minutes to get used to being awake.
After about ten minutes of Stage 4 sleep, you go back to Stage 3 and then to Stage 2.Then, something quite different begins.to happen．Your heartbeat becomes rapid．Your eyelids flutter (跳动), and your eyes move．This stage of sleep is called REM (rapid eye movement) sleep.
Most dreams happen during REM sleep． Scientists who study sleep often make noisesor talk to sleeping people in the REM stage．They are trying to find out what effects noises can have on dreams． As sleep research continues, scientists might also learn what causes dreams and how dreams might be helpful to people.
第 31 题 According to the author, why do we need sleep？
A．If we do not sleep, we get very sleepy.
B．Because there are four different stages of sleep.
C．No one knows the cause.
D．It is not mentioned in the article.
Reading in Depth Passage 1 Why do we cry？ Crying makes sense if smoke gets in your eyes or if you’re cutting onions. The tears protect your vision. But what good is emotional crying？ Crying often seems to make people feel better when they are sad or upset. A scientist in St. Paul, Minnesota, is investigating the reason for this. Dr. William Frey studied the behavior of a group of people when they cried; 85 percent of the women and 73 percent of the men said they felt better after crying. Frey believes that emotional weeping helps to reduce suffering by ridding the body of harmful chemicals. Such chemicals, he believes, are produced during stress. The chemicals can raise blood pressure, harm digestion, and increase the heartbeat. To test his theory, Frey has been collecting sad tears, drop by drop. He pays men and women to watch sad movies and catch their own tears in a test tube. He has found that about 60 percent of the viewers will cry if the theater is dark and they aren’t crowded close together. During the movies, Frey also records signs of stress, such as fast heartbeat and high blood pressure, to see if crying reduces these. 31. Feeling better after crying seems related to ______.
A、A. cutting onions
B、B. sad movies
C、C. the body’s chemistry
D、D. difference between men and women
根据以下材料，回答题
Mad Scientist Stereotype Outdated
Do people still imagine a physicist as a bearded man in glasses or has the image of the mad scientist changed？ The Institute of Physics set out to find out whether the stereotype of a physic"boffin" （科学家） still exists by conducting a survey on shoppers in London. The people were asked to identify the physicist from a photograph of a line-up of possible suspects. 98 percent of those asked got it wrong. Most people picked a white male of around 60， wearing glasses and with a white beard.
While this stereotype may have been the image of all average physicist fifty years ago， the reality is now very different. Since 1960 the number of young women entering physics has doubled and the average age of a physicist is now 31.
The stereotype of the absent-minded scientist has lasted a long time because the media and Hollywood help promote the image of men in white lab coats with glasses sitting by blackboards full of equations （等式） or working with fizzing （嘶嘶响 ） test tubes. These stereotypes are really damaging to society. Very good school children are put off studying science because they don"t see people like themselves on television or in magazines doing science. They simply don"t relate to the media"s image of the mad scientist.
This is one reason why fewer young people are choosing to do science at university. If we want to encourage more young people to study science subjects， we need to change this image of the scientist and make science careers more attractive. But we must also develop children"s interest in science.
In an attempt to change this negative image， an increasing number of science festivals are being organized. Thousands of people from secondary schools are also encouraged to take part in the internationwide science competitions of which the most popular are the national science Olympiads. Winning national teams then get the opportunity to take part in the Intemational Science Olympiads which are held in a different county every year. These events are all interesting for the young people who take part but they only involve a small proportion of students who are already interested in science. It seems that there is a long way to go before science becomes attractive as subjects like computer studies or fashion and design.
Most people have similar ideas of what a physicist looks like. 查看材料
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph. D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender(性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus(相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture(培育) , I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.
Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don't talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn't want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist？ After all, I don't study sociology or political theory.
Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women's college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don't dismiss those concerns. Still, I don't tell them "war" stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that's a sight worth talking about.
Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again？
A．She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.
B．She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.
C．She is not good at telling stories of the kind.
D．She finds space research more important.
Passage Two
I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.
Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist？ After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.
Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how may of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.
62. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again？
A) She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.
B) She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.
C) She is not good at telling stories of the kind.
D) She finds space research more important.
SECTION B PASSAGES
Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
听力原文： The sum total of our knowledge is very small compared to the size of our ignorance. Every advance on the frontier of knowledge opens up a great vista of the unknown. The scientist is not happy except when he finds something new. Science is an incomplete task just as life is incomplete. He can only be happy because he has the opportunity to continue the search. Fulfillment can never be there so long as knowledge is imperfect.
The search for truth is not a peaceful occupation. The happiest people I have known have not been the men of great worldly achievements or wealth. They have been the simple people who are happily married, enjoying good health and good family life.
I do not think we search for the stars or moon because we make up our minds to do so, but because we can't help ourselves. Imagination is not an attribute of happiness. A person can be very happy when he knows nothing:
While it is true you can get happiness, peace and serenity from being at the lower end of the ladder; it is also true that you cannot enjoy the ecstasy of achievement. Success in the general sense of the term means the opportunity to experience and to realize to the maximum the forces that are within us.
In the author's opinion, why do we search the stars or moon？
A．Because we have made up our mind to do so.
B．Because we want to fulfil our desire for knowledge.
C．Because we want to enjoy the ecstasy of achievement.
D．Because we cannot help ourselves.
听力原文：W: What are you reading, Bill？
M: It's this week's New Scientist, why？
W: I was just wondering. It looks interesting. But I've never actually read it myself. It's for real scientists— or can ordinary people like me understand it？
M: Oh, it's for anyone really. It usually has articles and stories about character affairs and about science as well as papers about new development and research. I am reading about new telephone that allows you to see the person you are speaking to as well as hear him.
W: Oh, I heard about it. Is it on the market yet？ Can I buy one？
M: No, not this one. But the company has made other models to try out on business. This one is special because its color and the image is moving.
W: Oh, that's interesting.
M: You see the first video phones that what they called were made in Japan. But they can only show a still, black and white image. So this video phone is much better than that. Mind you and I'm not sure I want one, would you？
W: Well, no. I don't think I would. I bet it costs a lot of money. Does it say how much it costs？
M: Yes, the early black and white one costs several hundred pounds, but the one the story is about costs several thousand pounds.
W: En. Why does anybody want one, do you think？
M: Business organizations that need to frequently contact overseas organizations would want it. It's like a face-to-face conversation. So maybe a lot of overseas travel can be avoided.
W: Yes, I suppose so.
The following details are tree about the new device EXCEPT ______.
A．it has colour.
B．it has a moving image.
C．it costs less money.
D．it is not on the market.
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph. D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender(性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus(相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture(培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.
Then one day a few years ago, out of my month came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don't talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn't want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist？ After all, I don't study sociology or political theory.
Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women's college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don't dismiss those concerns. Still, I don't tell them "war" stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And that's a sight worth talking about.
Why doesn't the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again？
A．She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.
B．She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.
C．She is not good at telling stories of the kind.
D．She finds space research more important.
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