题目内容
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A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
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Claims of a "water apartheid," where poor people pay more for water than the rich, are bound to attract attention. But what are the economics behind the problem, and how can it be fixed？ In countries that have trouble delivering clean water to their people, a lack of infrastructure is often the culprit. People in areas that are not served by public utilities have to rely on costlier ways of getting water, such as itinerant water trucks and treks to wells. Paradoxically, as the water sources get costlier, the water itself tends to be more dangerous. Water piped by utilities - to the rich and the poor alike - is usually cleaner than water trucked in or collected from an outdoor tank.
The problem exists not only in rural areas but even in big cities, said Hakan Bjorkman, program director of the UN agency in Thailand. Further, subsidies made tolocal water systems often end up benefiting people other than the poor, he added.
The agency proposes a three-step solution. First, make access to 20 liters, or 5 gallons, of clean water a day a human right. Next, make local governments accountable for delivering this service. Last, invest in infrastructure to link people to water mains.The report says governments, especially in developing countries, should spend at least 1 percent of gross domestic product on water and sanitation. It also recommends that foreign aid be more directed toward these problems. Clearly, this approach relies heavily on government intervention, something Bjorkman readily acknowledged. But there are some market-based approaches as well.
By offering cut-rate connections to poor people to the water mainline, the private water utility in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, has steadily increased access to clean water, according to the agency&39;s report. A subsidy may not even be necessary, despite the agency&39;s proposals, if a country can harness the economic benefits of providing clean water.
People who receive clean water are much less likely to die from water-borne diseases - a common malady in the developing world - and much more likely to enjoy long, productive, taxpaying lives that can benefit their host countries. So if a government is trying to raise financing to invest in new infrastructure, it might find receptive ears in private credit markets - as long as it can harness the return. Similarly, private companies may calculate that it is worth bringing clean water to an area if its residents are willing to pay back the investment over many years.
In the meantime, some local solutions are being found. In Thailand, Bjorkman said, some small communities are taking challenges like water access upon themselves. "People organize themselves in groups to leverage what little resources they have to help their communities," he said. "That&39;s especially true out in the rural areas. They invest their money in revolving funds and saving schemes, and they invest themselves to improve their villages. "It is not always easy to take these solutions and replicate them in other countries, though. Assembling a broad menu of different approaches can be the first step in finding the right solution for a given region or country.
【填空题】Fill in the blanks with the right words or phrases. Change the form where necessary. address emphasize set…apart bore identify be critical to capability feature benefit solicit dull internal 1. I must ________________the fact that she is the right person for the job. 2. Her contribution ___ success of the project. 3. Travelling a lot on business every year is a _______________ of this position. 4. All applicants who are running a fever will be ____________ during the recruiting. 5. May I ____ ____ your advice on how to get prepared for the coming job interview? 6. The interviewee’s long speech _______________ the manager. 7. This is our ____________affair and no interference is expected. 8. To be a good marketer, one must not only _____________ consumer needs, but also anticipate them by developing new products. 9. There’s no need to repeat everything for my ______ ___. 10. These products _________________ the special needs of the disabled.
A.half ... half
B.the half ... the half
C.a half ... a half
D.a half ... the half
B．ARB类与ACEⅠ类相比,其作用选择性更强
C．缬沙坦可逆转肥大的心肌细胞,起到保护心脏的作用
D．吲达帕胺降压作用强,利尿作用弱。小剂量降压,大剂量时利尿作用明显
E．利血平常单独使用
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