The plane is flying the village.（along/over)

In an international conference of the Law of the Sea, India and America had a dispute over the issue of whether a marine mineral deposit exploration company should pay an initial fee to the country which owned the sources. Because the exploration of the deep see mineral deposit demanded high-level technology, precise equipment, expert and management, only developed countries usually have the abilities to engage in such business. Developing countries are restricted in many of these aspects and have have to rely on developed countries to explore marine resources in their sea areas. Therefore, India, which represented developing countries, proposed that the ocean exploration company should pay 6,000 dollars as the initial fee to the host country for every area they explored. America, which represented developed countries, strongly opposed this proposal. The two parties had a fierce debate, but neither was able to persuade the other side. The meeting lasted a long time without any result due to this problem, and was forced to adjourn in mid-negotiation. At this moment, one representative said there was an economics essay about deep sea mining published by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in America. In this essay, there was a model which was used to calculate the effects of various charges on the exploration profits. It was suggested that the negotiators consult this model. Having examined the model and the data, all the representatives thought that it was a model with object criteria. The result they researched after their calculation based on this model showed the impact India’s demand for an initial fee could have on the exploration company. If the exploration company should pay first when they wanted to explore, this expense might result in some difficulties in normal operation. But the initial fee would finally be added to the cost of the product, and then transferred to the price. Therefore, form the long-term point of view, the exploration company would not affected greatly. In the light of this information, India representative reconsidered that their suggestions, and decided to reduce the initial fee. The American representatives also realized that the initial fee was not unacceptable, so they no longer refused to pay such a fee. (1) Why was it possible for the model from America’s Massachusetts Institute of Technology to settle the disputes? (2) What are the requirements that objective criterion should conform to?

A、1905

B、1958

C、1960

D、1987

A、arteries

B、veins

C、bronchi

D、capillaries

A、fix in position; tedious

B、prepare for and begin; uninspiring

C、increase; universal

D、climb up; relating to the world and practical matters instead of religious or spiritual ones

B.by contrast

C.otherwise

D.in contrast