根据以下资料,回答下面的题目。
The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.
Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.
(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction .
Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.
Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____
When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.
The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.
The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should createmore collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.
请在第____处填上正确选项。
[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere,such as policy briefs.
[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the
100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these
Keywords.
[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio
A. It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere,such as policy briefs.
B. However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these Keywords.
C. the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.
D. the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.
E. These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.
F . Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it withincross-cutting topics of sustainable development .
G . During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.
Very often, introductions are made using both first and last names: “ Mary Smith, this is John Jones. ” In this situation you are free to decide whether to call the lady “Mary” or “Miss Smith”. Sometimes both of you will begin a conversation using last names, and after a while one or both of you may begin using first names instead. You have a choice: if you don ’t want to use first names so quickly, no one will think it impolite if you continue according to you own custom.
In the first paragraph the author tells us that__________
A.Americans do not talk about rank, especially socially
B.Americans feel uncomfortable when talking about rank
C.Americans tae interests in social customs
D.Americans don’t care much about social rank
According to the passage, most Americans feel_________ when they are treated especially respectfully owing to their age or social rank.A.sick
B.sorry
C.uneasy
D.embarrassed
Which of the following statements in NOT true?A.The way names are used in America is different from those of other countries.
B.Many Americans are used to being called by their first names.
C.It shows friendliness and kindness to use only first names.
D.When you talk to people in the United States, you have to use their first names.
If an American lady say “Don’t call me Mrs Smith, just call me Sally. ” that shows_________A.she is not a married woman
B.she prefers to be called “Sally”
C.she is not Mrs Smith
D.she likes to be more formal
The passage you ’ve just read would most likely be found in a_________A.guide-book for tourists
B.book about American history
C.notice
D.short story
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析,谢谢!
A great difference between American social customs and those of other countries is the way in which names are used. Americans have little concern for “rank”, especially socially. Most Americans do not want to be treated in any especially respectful way because of their age or social rank; it makes them feel uncomfortable. Many Americans even find the terms “Mr.”, “Mrs” or “Miss” too formal. People of all ages may prefer to be called by their first names. “Don’t call me Mrs Smith. Ju call me Sally. ” Using only first names usually indicates friendliness and acceptance. However, if you do not feel comfortable using only first names, it is quite acceptable to be more formal. Just smile and say that after a while you will use first names but you are accustomed to being more when you first meet someone.
Very often, introductions are made using both first and last names: “ Mary Smith, this is John Jones. ” In this situation you are free to decide whether to call the lady “Mary” or “Miss Smith”. Sometimes both of you will begin a conversation using last names, and after a while one or both of you may begin using first names instead. You have a choice: if you don ’t want to use first names so quickly, no one will think it impolite if you continue according to you own custom.
In the first paragraph the author tells us that__________
A.Americans do not talk about rank, especially socially
B.Americans feel uncomfortable when talking about rank
C.Americans tae interests in social customs
D.Americans don’t care much about social rank
According to the passage, most Americans feel_________ when they are treated especially respectfully owing to their age or social rank.A.sick
B.sorry
C.uneasy
D.embarrassed
Which of the following statements in NOT true?A.The way names are used in America is different from those of other countries.
B.Many Americans are used to being called by their first names.
C.It shows friendliness and kindness to use only first names.
D.When you talk to people in the United States, you have to use their first names.
If an American lady say “Don’t call me Mrs Smith, just call me Sally. ” that shows_________A.she is not a married woman
B.she prefers to be called “Sally”
C.she is not Mrs Smith
D.she likes to be more formal
The passage you ’ve just read would most likely be found in a_________A.guide-book for tourists
B.book about American history
C.notice
D.short story
Customs (3) from country to country, but the important thing (4) is not to do anything that might make other people feel (5), especially if they are your guests. You are expected to find a way to keep them from feeling foolish.
(1)A. uncomfortable
B. would make
C. to remember
D. what
E. vary
(2)A. uncomfortable
B. would make
C. to remember
D. what
E. vary
(3)A. uncomfortable
B. would make
C. to remember
D. what
E. vary
(4)A. uncomfortable
B. would make
C. to remember
D. what
E. vary
(5)A. uncomfortable
B. would make
C. to remember
D. what
E. vary
A、Other people are not supposed to be seated before the guest of honour is seated.
B、To start eating after the elders and superiors and stop when they do.
C、To take a smaller amount of food on the first round.
D、When eating crispy food or drinking soup, we should slurp food.
E、When the whole fish is served, the head is placed towards the most honored guest.
F、To place the teapot in a position where the spout is facing a dinner
A、A. Documents against acceptance
B、B. Documents against payment
C、C. Clean collection
D、D. Acceptance D/P
A、at different ages
B、after they get married
C、at roughly the same age
D、at either the age of 21 or 25
为了保护您的账号安全,请在“简答题”公众号进行验证,点击“官网服务”-“账号验证”后输入验证码“”完成验证,验证成功后方可继续查看答案!