题目内容
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In countries other than their own most Americans ______.
A．are isolated by the local people
B．are not well informed due to the language barrier
C．tend m get along well with the natives
D．need interpreters in hotels and restaurants
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A．mainly because the levels of carbon dioxide are rising
B．possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting
C．exclusively due to the effect of the inertia of the earth's climate
D．partly due to variations in the output of solar energy
According to a weather expert's prediction, the atmosphere will be 3 ℃ warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities. Also. the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere, possibly resulting in an alteration of earth's chief food-growing zones. In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming, in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels.
Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing. The evidence available suggests that a warming has taken place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth.
However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere, where temperatures seem to be falling. Scientists conclude, therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has most effect on the weather？
One possibility is the variable behavior. of the sun. Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and "cold" spots (that is, the relatively less hot spots) on the sun. As the sun rotates, every 27.5 days, it presents hotter or "colder" faces to the earth, and different aspects to different parts of the earth. This seems to have a considerable effect on the distribution of the earth's atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation. The sun is also variable over a long term: its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being downward.
Scientists are-now finding mutual relations between models of solar-weather interactions and the actual climate over many thousands of years, including the last Ice Age. The problem is that the models are predicting that the world should be entering a new Ice Age and it is not. One way of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a delay of thousands of years while the solar effects overcome the inertia of the earth's climate. If this is tight, the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be serving as a useful counter-balance to the sun's diminishing heat.
It can be concluded that a concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would ______.
A．prevent the sun's rays from reaching the earth's surface
B．mean a warming up in the Arctic
C．account for great changes in the climate in the northern hemisphere
D．raise the temperature of the earth's surface
(23)
A．She would rather work on it than do nothing.
B．She will type it next week.
C．It took her an entire week to type it.
D．She still hasn't quite finished with it.
(25)
A．Tell me by Tuesday if you're unable to finish.
B．I'll accept excuses for absence on Tuesday.
C．You'll need more than a liter of water.
D．Please help me finish painting this sign.
(27)
A．American workers tend to stay in one job.
B．Crop dusting jobs in American are few.
C．The mob moved very slowly.
D．Their relatives live in mobile home.
(26)
A．This case can hold more suits than that one.
B．We can't find the other case of suits.
C．Can this case fit in with the others？
D．Can't we put another suit into the case？
(29)
A．He can work better without a computer.
B．He is working with a new computer.
C．He has never used a computer in his work.
D．He needs a computer for his work.
On the other hand, the theory is implausible because convection does not normally occur along lines, and it certainly does not occur along lines broken by frequent offsets or changes in direction, as the ridge is. Also it is difficult to see how the theory applies to the plate between the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the ridge in the Indian Ocean. This plate is growing on both sides, and since there is no intermediate trench, the two ridges must be moving apart. It would be odd if the rising convection currents kept exact pace with them. An alternative theory is that the sinking part of the plate, which is denser than the hotter surrounding mantle, pulls the rest of the plate after it. Again it is difficult to see how this applies to the ridge in the South Atlantic, where neither the African nor the American plate has a sinking part.
Another possibility is that the sinking plate cools the neighboring mantle and produces convection currents that move the plates. This last theory is attractive because it gives some hope of explaining the enclosed seas, such as the Sea of Japan. These seas have a typical oceanic floor, except that the floor is overlaid by several kilometers of sediment. Their floors have probably been sinking for long periods.
It seems possible that a sinking current of cooled mantle material on the upper side of the plate might be the cause of such deep basins. The enclosed seas are an important feature of the earth's surface and seriously require explanation because, in addition to the enclosed seas that are developing at present behind island arcs, there are a number of older ones of possibly similar origin, such as the Gulf of Mexico, the Black Sea, and perhaps the North Sea.
According to the traditional view of the origin of the ocean basins, which of the following is sufficient to move the continental plates？ ______
A．Increases in sedimentation on ocean floors.
B．Movement of mid-ocean ridges.
C．Sinking of ocean basins.
D．Differences in temperature under oceans and continents.
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