Read the example from a study of women’s experience of prisons, and then answer the questions that follow.
According to Giallombardo (1966), women alleviated
the pains of imprisonment by developing kinship links with other inmates. Similarly, Heffernan (1972) found that adaptation to prison was facilitated by the creation of a pseudo-family. Owen (1998) also notes that the female subculture is based on personal relationships with
other women inmates. Others, however, believe that the subculture in women’s prisons is undergoing a gradual shift that more closely resembles that of male prisons. Fox (1982) states, for example, that the cooperative caring prison community that has embodied characterizations of female prisons has evolved into a more dangerous and competitive climate. --Academic writing: A Handbook for International Students by Stephen Bailey, 2006, p. 36 1) How many writers are mentioned? 2) What is the function of the words underlined? 3) What phrase is used to mark the point in the text where there is a shift from one point of view to another?