假设某个经济中存在失业，中央银行把货币供给增加1倍。在长期中，经济恢复到充分就业状态，产出回到充分就业水

平。假定在货币供给增加之前，利率等于长期利率，那么，长期价格水平上涨的幅度是大于还是小于货币供给增加的幅度？如果最初利率低于长期水平，情况又会如何？

Imagine that the central bank of an economy with unemployment doubles its money supply．In the long run，full employment is restored and output returns to its full employment level．On the (admittedly unlikely)assumption that the interest rate before the money supply increase equals the long-run interest rate，is the long-run increase in the price level more than proportional or less than proportional to the money supply change？ What if(as is more likely)the interest rate was initially below its long-run level？