Questions 32 to 35 are based on the following passage.
When you take a pill, you and your doctor hope it will work —and that helps it work. That’s not a new idea. But now researchers say they know just how much of a drug’s effect comes from the patient’s expectation: at least half.
When patients in the midst of a headache attack took a dummy (假的) pill which they thought of as a widely used headache drug, it reduced their pain. It worked almost as much as when they took the real drug thinking it was a placebo (安慰剂).
“There was no difference between the real drug and the placebo dressed up with a nice word in reducing pain,”researcher Ted Kaptchuk says. “Basically we show that words can actually double the effect of a drug. That’s pretty impressive.”
And if it works when treating headaches, it also might work for a wide variety of other illnesses. The findings have interesting implications for doctors and patients, because what doctors say about a medicine appears to have a lot to do with its benefits. Beyond that, it raises a question of whether drug companies should take subjects’expectations into account when they test a new drug.
The study is the latest in a series that’s helping to work out the mysteries of the placebo effect. Before the study, the group has already shown that placebos can have the effect of active medicine in patients with asthma (哮喘), and that even when patients know they’re taking a placebo, they can get relief from the pain.
32. According to the first two paragraphs, what’s new of the research is that _____.
A.half of the drug’s effect, if not more, is from the patients’expectations
B.dummy pills could be thought of as a widely used headache drug
C.your and your doctor’s hope helps the drug work
D.placebos work better than real drugs
Placebos can have the effect of active medicine in reducing pains when doctors _____.A.conduct tests on the effect of new drugs
B.take the patient’s expectations into account
C.tell patients that placebos are mysterious
D.describe the placebos’good effect to patients
It has been proved that placebos have the effect of active medicine in treating asthma _____.A.before Ted’s research
B.after Ted’s research
C.during the process of the Ted’s research
D.upon the completion of Ted’s research
According to the passage, the findings have interesting implications in that _____.A.what doctors say about a medicine seems much related to its benefits
B.the researchers have worked out all the mysteries of the placebo effect
C.drug companies should believe the subjects in drug test
D.placebos might help in treating all illnesses