题目内容
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According to Juli Roebeck, the name change of Beaver College______.
A．turns out to be very successful
B．fails to attain its goal
C．has eliminated some jokes
D．has transformed its status
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Of these factors, usefulness has probably been the most decisive. In ancient societies, as people settled into stable patterns of agriculture and trade, it became useful for some of them to read and write in order to keep records, to transact business, and to measure amounts of land, animals, goods, materials, and produce. Since all economic aspects of a society were closely tied to the operations of government, literacy became useful and even necessary for the keeping of records by officials. The responsibilities of citizenship led to a fairly high level of literacy in ancient Greece and Rome, but in addition to that, there also grew an appreciation of good literature, poetry, drama, history, and philosophy.
During the early Middle Ages, with the general breakdown of society in Europe and the decrease of commerce, literacy became largely confined to the church. But in the late Middle Ages, in the period of the Renaissance, the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world—usefulness.
With the invention of the printing press and inexpensive paper late in the 15th century there was for the first time a great availability of reading material for a much greater number of people. Religious reformers were among the first to utilize the situation, quickly getting translations of the Bible and educational tracts and booklets into the hands of many people.
The broadened religious enlightenment that resulted was followed in later centuries by a political one. Political theorists who favored doctrines promoting the natural rights of man called for an attack upon illiteracy. Political revolutions, particularly in the United States and France, helped inaugurate an era in which all classes were called upon to become informed on public policy for their own welfare. Against this political background there emerged the movement for universal popular education. Literacy came to be understood as a means whereby the individual could benefit and advance,* and gradually whole societies began to acknowledge that universal literacy among their citizens was an avenue to greater economic well-being.
What do we learn from the first paragraph?______
A．It is fairly easy to determine literacy
B．There is no illiteracy in a rich country
C．History sees an even progress towards literacy
D．In history literacy suffers ups and downs
A、students were uninterested in discussing ideas
B、 people could read anything they wanted
C、students were passionate about both ideas and politics
D、young people under 18 had a lot of freedom
A．poor a person may be B．may be poor a person
C．a person may be poor D．a poor person may be
A、modernist
B、postmodernist
C、populist
D、materialist
A、Raphael
B、Michelangelo
C、Picasso
D、Leonardo da Vinci
A、Christopher Columbus
B、Desiderius Erasmus
C、Nicholas Copernicus
D、Albert Einstein
A、he is proud of himself as a human being
B、he has no “free determination of his own will”
C、he has become “the servant of sin”
D、God has “put all things under his feet”
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