Trees should only be pruned(修剪)when there is a g...

第1题

Trees should only be pruned （修剪) when there is a good reason for doing so. Many gardener

Trees should only be pruned (修剪) when there is a good reason for doing so. Many gardeners believe that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.

First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus causing wounds. A tree may grow healthier by removing the branches that are locking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air.

One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry (进入) for diseases, but it is a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die. Pruning is usually clone in winter, for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without the interference from the leaves.

According to the article, which of the following statement is NOT true？

A．Pruning is necessary when there are unwanted branches.

B．Damage is done to a tree if it is left to grow in its own way.

C．Diseased or dead branches should be cut away if they are found to rub against each other.

D．Growing side branches often prevent air from moving freely.

点击查看答案

第2题

Passage Three Trees should only be pruned （修剪) when there is a good reason for doin

Passage Three

Trees should only be pruned (修剪) when there is a good reason for doing so. Many gardeners believe that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.

First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus causing wounds. A tree may grow healthier by removing the branches that are locking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air.

One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry (进入) for diseases, but it is a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die. Pruning is usually clone in winter, for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without the interference from the leaves.

41. According to the article, which of the following statement is NOT true？

A. Pruning is necessary when there are unwanted branches.

B. Damage is done to a tree if it is left to grow in its own way.

C. Diseased or dead branches should be cut away if they are found to rub against each other.

D. Growing side branches often prevent air from moving freely.

点击查看答案

第3题

听力原文：Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so an

听力原文： Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and the number of such masons is small. Pruning involves the cut ting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.

First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches, which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree heavier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. Removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air may en courage the health of a tree.

One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but it is a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible. It is essential to make the area, which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually done ih winter, for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed. If this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly.

Why should pruning be done？

A．To make the tree grow taller.

B．To improve the shape of the tree.

C．To get rid of the small branches.

D．To make the small branches thicker.

点击查看答案

第4题

听力原文：Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so an

听力原文： Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.

First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches, which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree heavier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. Removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air may encourage the health of a tree.

One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but it is a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible. It is essential to make the area, which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually done in winter, for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed. If this does happen, it is, of course, impossible to paint them properly.

Why should pruning be done？

A．To make the tree grow taller.

B．To improve the shape of the tree.

C．To get rid of the small branches.

D．To make the small branches thicker.

点击查看答案

第5题

听力原文：Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants. Farmers plant these bar

听力原文： Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants. Farmers plant these barriers around their fields to protect their land.

Windbreaks stop the wind from blowing soil away (33) . They also keep the wind from destroying or damaging crops. They are very important for protecting grain crops.

There have been studies done on windbreaks in parts of West Africa, for example. These found that grain harvests can be twenty percent higher in fields protected by windbreaks compared to fields without such protection (33) .

But windbreaks seem to work best when they allow some winds to pass through them (341. If the wall of trees and plants blocks the wind completely, then violent air motions will take place close to the ground. These motions will lift soil into the air where it will be blown away.

There should be at least two lines in each windbreak. one line should be large treas. The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves. Locally grown trees and plants are best for windbreaks.

If the quality of the land is not very good, studies have shown that one kind of tree that can grow well is the white pine (35) .

Windbreaks not only protect land and crops from the wind. Surplus trees can be cut down and used to provide wood (33) .

(34)

A．They can prevent soil from being blown away.

B．They can improve the yield of crops.

C．They can provide wood when cut down.

D．They can protect crops from the strong sunshine.

点击查看答案

第6题

听力原文：A beetle invasion in the United States has killed at least twenty million ash tre

听力原文： A beetle invasion in the United States has killed at least twenty million ash trees. The invasion of the emerald ash borer was first discovered near Detroit, Michigan, in 2002. Experts believe the small green insects arrived in the 1990's in shipments of goods from China.

The emerald ash borer has destroyed trees in the Midwest and as Far East in the United States as Maryland. The insects have also spread as far north as Ontario, Canada.

Ash trees can resist many diseases. But they cannot resist the emerald ash borer. It lays eggs on the bark. The young larva drill into and feed on the inner bark. This harms the ability of the tree to transport water and nutrition.

In some places, farmers .are using "detection trees". They have an area where bark has been cut away. The area circles the tree. The process weakens the tree. It makes them easier targets for borers, and shows if the insects are nearby.

Efforts to stop the spread of the emerald ash borer include cutting down affected trees. There are worries that the ash tree might disappear unless the invasion is controlled. To prepare for such a possibility, a government laboratory is asking people to send in the seeds from ash trees. It examines and X-rays the seeds to make sure that there are no living borer fertilized eggs. Only the best seeds are remained and then sent for storage in a seed bank. There, they are dried and frozen. Should the seeds ever be needed, the hope is that scientists might someday develop an ash tree that could resist the little green attackers.

(30)

A．To Michigan.

B．To China.

C．To Maryland.

D．To Canada.

点击查看答案

第7题

Conventional wisdom says trees are good for the environment. They absorb carbon dioxide—a

greenhouse gas—from the atmosphere and store it as carbon while releasing oxygen. The roots of trees have been thought to trap sediments and nutrients in the soil, keeping nearby rivers free flowing. Trees have also been credited with steadying the flow of these rivers, keeping it relatively constant through wet and dry seasons, thus preventing both drought and flooding. Pernicious nonsense, conclude two pieces of research published this week.

The first, a four-year international study led by researchers at the University of Newcastle, in Britain, and the Free University of Amsterdam, identifies several myths about the link between forests and water. For example, in arid and semi-arid areas, trees consume far more water than they trap. And it is not the trees that catch sediment and nutrients, and steady the flow of the rivers, but the fact that the soil has not been compressed.

The World Commission on Water estimates that the demand for water will increase by around 50% in the next 30 years. Moreover, around 4 billion people—one half of the world's population—will live in conditions of severe water stress, meaning they will not have enough water for drinking and washing to stay healthy, by 2025.

The government of South Africa has been taking a tough approach to trees since it became the first to treat water as a basic human right in 1998. In a scheme praised by the hydrologists, the state penalizes forestry companies for preventing this water reaching rivers and underground aquifers. In India, large tree-planting schemes not only lose valuable water but dim the true problem identified by the hydrologists: the unregulated removal of water from aquifers to irrigate crops. Farmers need no permit to drill a borehole and, as most farmers receive free electricity, there is little economic control on the volume of water pumped. So a report of Britain's Department for International Development concludes that there is no scientific evidence that forests increase or stabilize water flow in arid or semi-arid areas. It recommends that, if water shortages are a problem, governments should impose limits on forest plantation.

The second piece of research looked at how long the forests of the Amazon basin cling on to carbon. Growing trees consume carbon dioxide and it was thought that only when the tree died, perhaps hundreds of years later, would the carbon be returned to the atmosphere. No such luck. In a paper published in Nature this week, a team of American and Brazilian scientists found that trees were silently returning the carbon after just five years. Before taking an axe to trees, however, consider the merits of the tropical rainforests.

It is thought traditionally that trees

A．can improve the quality of atmosphere.

B．may lead to slow flowing of rivers.

C．will help wet and dry seasons to be unchanged.

D．are able to remove carbon from the soil.

点击查看答案

第8题

Part ADirections: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by cho

Part A

Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Trees should only be trimmed when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and, fortunately ,the number of such reasons is small. Trimming involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way.

First, trimming may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. Tile object may be to get a tree of the right height. And at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thickens its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, trimming may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead wood ,or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus causing wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air.

One result of trimming is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but it's a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die. So that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce the risk of death as far as possible. It is essential to make the area which has been trimmed smooth and clean ,for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the substances available from the garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Trimming is usually done in winter, for you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference front the leaves and it is, too, very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed. If this does happen, it is ,of course, impossible to paint them properly.

A good gardener trims a tree______.

A．at intervals throughout the year

B．as quickly as possible

C．occasionally when necessary

D．regularly every winter

点击查看答案

第9题

Trees that ______ the view of the oncoming traffic should be cut down.A．blockB．inhibitC．sp

Trees that ______ the view of the oncoming traffic should be cut down.

A．block

B．inhibit

C．spoil

D．alter

点击查看答案

第10题

Tress should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , the

Question 26 to 30 are based on the following passage .

Tress should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , the number of such reasons is small . Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches , and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from the tree to grow in its own way .

First , pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size . The object may be to get a tree of the right height , and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches , which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape . Secondly , pruning may be done to make the tree heavier . You may cut out diseased or dead wood , or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds . The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the center and so preventing the free movement of air . One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease , but it is a wound that will heal . Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die , so that there is a period when the tree is at risk . It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce that risk of death as far as possible . It is essential to make the area , which has been pruned smooth , and clean , for healing will be slowed down by roughness . You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops especially for this purpose . Pruning is usually done in winter , for then you can see the shape of the tree clearly without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts you make will bleed . If this does happen , it is , of course , impossible to paint them properly .

26. Pruning should be done to _____.

A)make the tree grow taller . B) does not protect them form. the wind

C)get rid of the small branches D) make the small branches thicker .

27. Trees become unhealthy if the gardener_______

A)allows too many branches to grow in the middle

B)does not protect them from the wind

C)forces them grow too quickly

D)damages some of the small side branches.

28 . Why is a special substance painted on the tree ？

A)to make a wound smooth .

B)to prevent disease entering a wound .

C)to cover a rough surface .

D) to help a wound to dry .

29. A good gardener prunes tree ____

A) at intervals throughout the year

B) as quickly as possible

C) occasionally when necessary

D) regularly every winter

30 . What was the author’s purpose when writing this passage ？

A)to give practical instruction for pruning a tree

B)to give a gardener description of pruning

C)to explain how trees develop disease

D)to discuss different methods of pruning

点击查看答案

Trees should only be pruned （修剪, 整枝) when there is a good and clear reason for doing s