根据新古典分配理论，任何一个工人所赚到的实际工资，等于该工人的边际生产率。用这种观点考察两组工人的收入：

a．在过去一个世纪中，由于技术进步，农民的生产率大幅度提高。根据新古典分配理论，他们的实际工资会发生什么变动？

b．在(a)中所讨论的实际工资是用什么单位来衡量的？

c．在同一时期中，理发师的生产率没有改变。他们的实际工资会发生什么变动？

d．在(c)中所讨论的实际工资是用什么单位来衡量的？

e．假设工人可以在当农民和当理发师之间自由流动。这种流动性对农民和理发师的工资意味着什么呢？

f．你前面的回答对相对于食物物价的理发物价意味着什么呢？

g．谁从农业技术进步中受益——是农民呢，还是理发师？

According to the neoclassical theory of distribution, the real wage earned by any worker equals that worker's marginal productivity. Let's use this insight to examine the incomes of two groups of workers: farmers and barbers.

a．Over the past century, the productivity of farmers has risen substantially because of technological progress. According to the neoclassical theory, what should have happened to their real wage？

b．In what units is the real wage discussed in part (a) measured？

c．Over the same period, the productivity of barbers has remained constant. What should have happened to their real wage？

d．In what units is the real wage in part (c) measured？

e．Suppose workers can move freely between being farmers and being barbers. What does this mobility imply for the wages of farmers and barbers？

f．What do your previous answers imply for the price of haircuts relative to the price of food？

g．Who benefits from technological progress in farming-farmers or barbers？