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Scientists also don’t know how people 3. ________ their memories. When most people hear their best friend’s name, they picture the person instantly.

提问人：网友y1y2y3 发布时间：2022-01-07

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更多“Scientists also don’t know how…”相关的问题

第1题

听力原文：A few months ago, [32] a team of interviewers were sent to schools to find out wh

听力原文： A few months ago, [32] a team of interviewers were sent to schools to find out why children are prejudiced against science. Their answer provided this surprising picture of a typical scientist: they thought [33] a scientist is a rather dull person who spends all day working in a laboratory, wearing a white coat and making things that smell bad. They thought that scientists usually aren't very interesting and don't talk about anything but science. They don't play games well and they aren't attractive to the opposite sex. They also did not realize that women are as capable of becoming scientists as men.

On the other hand, [34] an art graduate is seen as a much livelier person. Arts graduates are thought to have a better sense of humor, to be interested in sports and pop music and to be considered attractive. When you understand these misconceptions which children have, it is only logical that most of them want to study arts rather than science.

(33)

A．Scientists.

B．Art graduates.

C．Children.

D．Women.

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第2题

1 In the second half of the 20th century, the world became, quite literally, a darker plac

2 Defying expectation and easy explanation, hundreds of instruments around the world recorded a drop in sunshine reaching the surface of Earth, as much as 10 percent from the late 1950's to the early 90's, or 2 percent to 3percent a decade. In some regions like Asia, the United States and Europe, the drop was even steeper. In Hong Kong, sunlight decreased 37 percent.

3 No one is predicting that it may soon be night all day, and some scientists theorize that the skies have brightened in the last decade as the suspected cause of global dimming, air pollution, clears up in many parts of the world.

4 Yet the dimming trend — noticed by a handful of scientists 20 years ago but dismissed then as unbelievable — is attracting wide attention.

5 "There could be a big gorilla sitting on the dining table, and we didn't know about it," said Dr. Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a professor of climate and atmospheric sciences at the University of California, San Diego. "There are many, many issues that it raises."

6 Dr. James E. Hansen, director of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies in Manhattan, said that scientists had long known that pollution particles reflected some sunlight, but that they were now realizing the magnitude of the effect.

7 "It's occurred over a long time period," Dr. Hansen said. "So it's not something that, perhaps, jumps out at you as a person in the street. But it's a large effect."

8 Satellite measurements show that the sun remains as bright as ever, but that less and less sunlight has been making it through the atmosphere to the ground.

9 Pollution dims sunlight in two ways, scientists theorize. Some light bounces off soot particles in the air and goes back into outer space. The pollution also causes more water droplets to condense out of air, leading to thicker, darker clouds, which also block more light. For that reason, the dimming appears to be more pronounced on cloudy days than sunny ones. Some less polluted regions have had little or no dimming.

10 The dynamics of global dimming are not completely understood. Antarctica, which would be expected to have clean air, has also dimmed.

11 "In general, we don't really understand this thing that's going on," said Dr. Shabtai Cohen, a scientist in the Israeli Agriculture Ministry who has studied dimming for a decade. "And we don't have the whole story."

What does the passage mainly discuss？

A．Sunshine diminishes 10% to 37%

B．Why does the globe tend to dim？

C．Globe grows darker

D．Pollution dims sunlight in two ways

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第3题

The sense of sound is one of our most important means of knowing what is going on around u

s. Sound has a waste product, too, in the form. of noise. Noise has been called unwanted sound. Noise is growing and it may get much worse before it gets any better.

Scientists, for several years, have been studying how noise affects people and animals. They are surprised by what they have learned. Peace and quiet are becoming harder to find. Noise pollution is a threat that should be looked at carefully.

There is a saying that it is so noisy that you can't hear yourself think. Doctors who study noise believe that we must sometimes hear ourselves think. If we don't, we may have headaches, other aches and pains, or even worse mental problems.

Noise adds more tension to a society that already faces enough stress.

But noise is not a new problem. In ancient Rome, people complained so much about noise that the government stopped chariots(战车) from moving through the streets at night!

Ways of making less noise are now being tested. There are even laws controlling noise. We cannot return to the "good old days" of peace and quiet. But we can reduce noise—if we shout loudly enough about it.

Why are scientists surprised by the findings in their noise study？

A．Because the world is becoming increasingly noisy.

B．Because they have learned that noise is also is also a kind of pollution.

C．Because noise is an unwanted waste for human beings.

D．Because people knew little about noise before.

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第4题

听力原文： Scientists believed that when the oceans were young, they contained only a trait

of salt, and that the level of salinity have been growing gradually. Over the years the rain had worn away the rocky mantle of the continents. Minerals released by this erosion had been carried to the sea by the flow of river water. This water added several million tons of salt to the ocean annually. There are other sources of oceanic salinity too. One source is under water volcanic action. This eruption occurs along the mid-ocean range and release great amount of salt each year. However these sources of salt don't increase the actual mineral composition of water by much, because of the enormous chemical requirements of marine life. Oyster, clam, snails and other louse use salt to build shells and skeletons. Coral reefs also contains large amount of salts. Also some salt leave the ocean through the process of evaporation. As salt escape into the atmosphere, they go into the creation of rain drops. This is why the coast received more rain than land area. You see, more salt existence in the atmosphere near the ocean, thereby attracting increased moisture and producing rain.

What is the topic of this talk？

A．The salinity of the ocean.

B．Pollutants found at sea.

C．The composition of coral reefs.

D．The weather patterns of coastal areas.

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第5题

根据以下资料，回答17~20题。 Many people catch a cold in the springtime and/or fall．It make

s us wonder., if scientists can send a man to the moon, why can't they find a cure for the common cold．The answer is easy．There are literally hundreds of kinds of cold viruses out there．You never know which one you will get, so there isn't a cure for each one. When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it．Blood rushes to your nose and brings congestion with it．You feel terrible because you can't breathe well, but your body is actually "eating" the virus．Your temperature rises and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus．You also have a runny nose to stop the virus from getting to your cells．You may feel miserable, but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold. Different people have different remedies for colds．In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better．Some people take hot baths and drink warm liquids．Other people take medicines to stop the fever, congestion, and runny nose． There is one interesting thing to note--some scientists say taking medicines when you have a cold is actually bad for you．The virus stays in you longer because your body doesn't have a way to fight it and kill it．Bodies can do an amazing job on their own．There is a joke, however, on taking medicine when you have a cold．It goes like this: If takes about one week to get over a cold if you don't take medicine, but only seven days to get over a cold if you take medicine. The reason that scientists cannot cure a common cold is __. A．we don't know how we get cold B．we aren't sure the exact kind of cold viruses C．we don't know when we will catch cold D．we aren't sure the exact scientific method

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第6题

There may also be other targets not yet explored that affect aging and neuromuscul

ar function. Said Kornfeld: “The process of aging remains mysterious. ”

A. But Komfeld said scientists will not know about the applicability of the drugs in humans until a similar study is done on humans. “What’s very encouraging is that these drugs were developed to treat humans, and they are well understood, because they’ve been used for a long time, ” he said。

B. Later the scientists discovered that two related anticonvulsant drugs also lengthened the lives of the worms-in the case of one drug, by almost 50 percent. “This was a big surprise to use, Komfeld said. ”“We didn’t think anticonvulsant drugs had any particular relationship to aging. That connection was completely unexpected. ”

C. Roundworms are a poor subject for experiments, because they are not like humans, even though their molecules are similar. For example, they have no bones, nor do they show emotions, making it difficult to know how exactly human subjects would react to these drugs in large quantities. However, using the worms allows experiments to be conducted quickly, because they do not live for long。

D. “Somehow the neural activity seems to regulate the aging of all of the body the skin, musculature, and reproductive tract, ” Kornfeld said. “Somehow the nervous system coordinates the progress of all these tissues, evidently, though the life stages. But we don’t know how it does that. ”

E. The discovery may also shed light on the little-understood aging process. Since the drugs act on the neuromuscular systems of both humans and worms, the findings hint at a link between neural activity and aging。

F. Unlike vertebrates, the worms are ideal subjects for the study of aging because of their short life spans, which last only a couple of weeks in a laboratory. The worm is well known in genetics, and the worm’s genome has been sequenced。

G. Use of this drug has been permitted by law since 1998 and wider use is now expected as a result of the studies. “We can clearly link this drug with human aging, but we still need to find proof, says Kornfeld optimistically. ”

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第7题

Task 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements

Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 through 45.

The sense of sound is one of our most important means of knowing what is going on around us. Sound has a waste product, too, in the form. of noise. Noise has been called unwanted sound. Noise is growing and it may get much worse before it gets any better.

Noise adds more tension to a society that already faces enough stress.

But noise is not a new problem. In ancient Rome, people complained so much about noise that the government stopped chariots(战车) from moving through the streets at night!

Why are scientists surprised by the findings in their noise study？

A．Because the world is becoming increasingly noisy.

B．Because they have learned that noise is also is also a kind of pollution.

C．Because noise is an unwanted waste for human beings.

D．Because people knew little about noise before.

点击查看答案

第8题

Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids（小行星) now, one might crash into Eart

Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids(小行星) now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists.

Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids(流星)that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don't threaten us. But there are also thousands whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth.

Buy $40 million worth of new telescopes right now. Then spend $10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, we'll have a way to change its course.

Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But the cost wouldn't be cheap.

Is it worth it？ Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1) How likely the event is; and 2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 400,000 years. Sounds pretty rare-but if one did fall, it would be the end of the world. "If we don't take care of these big asteroids, they'll take care of us", says one scientist. "It's that simple".

The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth？ "The world has less to fear from doomsday(毁灭性的) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them, "said a New York Times article.

What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids？

A．They are heavenly bodies different in composition.

B．They are heavenly bodies similar in nature.

C．There are more asteroids than meteoroids.

D．Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids.

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第9题

听力原文： Mosquitoes do not randomly perch on just anyone's body and begin sucking for the

most fragrantly appealing humans. Mosquitoes use odor to sort attractive people from the unattractive to find those that are most tasty.

Researchers found one sure way to stop attracting the little bugs—stop breathing. Mosquitoes can sniff out an attractive target from as far as 40 miles. When humans exhale, they expel a plume of CO(下标)2 and other odors that travel through the air. The appetizing stir is the equivalent of a dinner bell, alerting mosquitoes that a warm meal is within range,

When a mosquito is trailing an attractive target, it zigzags up the breath plume until it makes contact, landing on the skin and patiently searching for just the right spot to insert its stylet for an eight-to-ten second feeding.

Perspiration, a barely avoidable human condition, also is a mosquito lure—but only if the sweat has formed bacteria.

Bathing helps reduce the attractiveness of sticky bodies, but after-bath products don't. Skin-care products that clean, soften and moisturize not only improve a person's appearance, they're also attractive to mosquitoes. Certain medications, including heart and blood pressure medicine, also alter a person's likelihood of being bitten.

Scientists conducted the research to explore 'the tastes of mosquitoes and help humans protect themselves from mosquito-borne disease.

All of the following are causes of being bitten by mosquitoes EXCEPT ______.

A．carbon dioxide and other odors

B．sweat

C．the quality of your skin

D．heart and blood pressure medicine

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第10题

听力原文：Mosquitoes do not randomly perch on just anyone's body and begin sucking for the

听力原文： Mosquitoes do not randomly perch on just anyone's body and begin sucking for the most fragrantly appealing humans. Mosquitoes use odor to sort attractive people from the unattractive to find those that are most tasty.

Researchers found one sure way to stop attracting the little bugs--stop breathing. Mosquitoes can sniff out an attractive target from as far as 40 miles. When humans exhale, they expel a plume of C02 and other odors that travel through the air. The appetizing stir is the equivalent of a dinner bell, alerting mosquitoes that a warm meal is within range.

Perspiration, a barely avoidable human condition, also is a mosquito lure--but only if the sweat has formed bacteria.

Bathing helps reduce the attractiveness of sticky bodies, but after-bath products don't. Skin-care products that clean, soften and moisturize not only improve a person's appearance, they're also attractive to mosquitoes. ) Certain medications, including heart and blood pressure medicine, also alter a person's likelihood of being bitten.

Scientists conducted the research to explore the tastes of mosquitoes and help humans protect themselves from mosquito-borne disease.

All of the following are causes of being bitten by mosquitoes EXCEPT______.

A．carbon dioxide and other odors

B．sweat

C．the quality of your skin

D．heart and blood pressure medicine

点击查看答案