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There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is, in part, a familial di

sease. Since families have similar genes as well as similar environments, familial diseases could be due to shared genetic influences, to shared environmental factors, or to both. For some years, the role of one environmental factor commonly shared by families, namely dietary salt (i.e. sodium chloride), has been studies at Brook Haven National Laboratory. These studies suggest that frequent excess salt eating can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals. Some individuals, however, and some rats consume large amounts of salt without developing high blood pressure. No matter how strictly all environmental factors were controlled in these experiments, some salt-fed animals never developed high blood pressure whereas a few rapidly developed very serious high blood pressure followed by early death. These marked variations were interpreted to result from differences in genetic constitution.

By mating in successive generations only those animals that failed to develop high blood pressure from salt eating, a resistant strain (the "R" strain) has been evolved in which consumption of large quantities of salt falls to influence the blood pressure significantly, in contrast, by mating only animals that quickly develop high blood pressure from salt, a sensitive strain ("S" strain) has also been developed.

The availability of these two strains permits investigations not possible formerly. They provide a likely laboratory model on which to investigate some clinical(临床的) aspects of the human types of high blood pressure. More important, there might be the possibility of developing methods by which genetic likelihood of human beings to develop high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance. Radioactive(放射性的) sodium 22 was an important "tool" in working out the characteristics of the sodium chloride metabolism.

The study of the effects of salt on high blood pressure was carried out ______.

A.because members of the same family tend to used similar amounts of salt

B.to explore the long-term use of a sodium-based substance

C.because it was proven that salt caused high blood pressure

D.because of the availability of chemically pure salt

提问人:网友shineleeli 发布时间:2022-01-07
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第1题
阅读理解。????From the health point of view we are ...
阅读理解。
From the health point of view we are living in an amazing age We are free from many of the most

dangerous diseases. A large number of once deadly illnesses can now be cured by modern medicine.

It is almost certain that one day medicines will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases.

The expectation of life has increased greatly. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life

is greater than ever before, every day we witness the unbelievable killing of men, women and children

on the roads. Man vs the motor-car! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of

people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting

it happen.

It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel (方向盘),his car becomes

the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man s very

worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are

behind a steering-wheel. They say, they are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-year-olds and

completely selfish. All their hidden angers and disappointments seem to be brought to the surface by the

act of driving.

The surprising thing is that society smiles so gently on the motorist and seems to forgive his behavior.

Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of

heavy traffic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is ruined by road networks; and

the deaths become nothing more than a number every year, to be easily forgotten.

It is high time a world rule was created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to

driving, the laws of some countries are unbelievably lax (不严整) and even the strictest are not strict

enough. A rule which was universally accepted could only have an obviously beneficial effect on the

accident rate. Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be done. The driving test should

be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every

three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at

least 21; all vehicles should be put through strict tests for safety each year. Even the smallest amount of

alcohol in the blood can damage a person's driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they

exist) should be made much stricter. Speed limits should be required on all roads. Governments should

lay down safety specifications for car factories, as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing

power and performance should be banned. These measures may not sound good enough. But surely

nothing should be considered as too severe if it results in reducing the number of deaths. After all, the

world is for human beings, not motor-cars.

1. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists.

B. Thousands of people the world over are killed each year.

C. The laws of some countries about driving are too lax.

D. Only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents.

2. What does the author think of society toward motorists?
A. Society laughs at the motorists.

B. Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns.

C. Victims of accidents are nothing.

D. Society forgives their rude driving.

3. What does the author mean by saying "his car becomes the extension of his personality" in paragraph 2?
A. Driving can show his hidden qualities.

B. Driving can show the other part of his personality.

C. Driving can bring out his character.

D. Driving can represent his manners.

4. Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?
A. Build more highways.

B. Stricter driving tests.

C. Test drivers every three years.

D. Raise age limit and lay down safety specifications.

5. The author's attitude towards the traffic situation is _____.
A. positive

B. unsatisfied

C. appealing

D. unclear

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第2题
The Health Assembly is composed of representatives from WHO's Member States.
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第3题
Each and every one of the flowers has their own colors and smells.
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第4题
The effect of non-Darcy flow usually is incorporated into fluid flow equations as an additional ( )that is rate dependent.

A、skin factor

B、pressure drop

C、rate change

D、pressure change

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第5题
To develop analysis and design techniques for well testing, we must make several simplifying assumptions about the well and reservoir being modeled. These assumptions are introduced as needed to combine ( ).

A、the principle of mass conservation

B、an equation of fluid motion

C、an equation of state

D、an equation of well testing

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第6题
In a ( ) reservoir, fluid flows radially from the reservoir to the wellbore.

A、Homogeneous-acting

B、Heterogeneous-acting

C、polyhedral

D、cylindrical

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第7题
Assuming that the ( ) is zero, we can write a mass balance on the element as win-wout=qm .

A、pressure

B、velocity

C、net generation of matter

D、the mass flow rate into the system

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第8题
An EOS relates volume (or density) to ( ).

A、pressure

B、velocity

C、temperature

D、viscosity

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第9题
The assumption of constant is valid only for ( ).

A、very low pressure and gas gravities at low temperatures

B、very low pressure and gas gravities at high temperatures

C、very high pressure and gas gravities at low temperatures

D、very high pressure and gas gravities at high temperatures

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