You needn’t use a consistent format when taking minutes.

To collect data in an introductory statistics course, recently I gave the students a questionnaire. One question asked whether the student was a vegetarian. Of 25 students, 0 answered “yes.”They were not a random sample, but let us use these data to illustrate inference for a proportion. (You may wish to refer to Section1.4.1onmethodsofinference.) Let π denote the population proportion who would say “yes.” Consider H0:π =0.50 and Ha:π =0.50. a. What happens when you try to conduct the “Wald test,” for whichuses the estimated standard error？ b. Find the 95% “Wald confidence interval” for π. Is it believable？ (When the observation falls at the boundary of the sample space, often Wald methods do not provide sensible answers.) c. Conduct the “score test,” for whichuses the null standard error. Report the P-value. d. Verify that the 95% score confidence interval (i.e., the set of π0 for which |z|＜ 1.96 in the score test) equals (0.0,0.133). (Hint: What do the z test statistic and P-value equal when you test H0:π =0.133 against Ha:π = 0.133.)

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

听力原文： Did you know that vegetables can be tricked into growing in climates they are not accustomed to？ Cool climate vegetables are now able to be grown in places as hot as Hawaii. In Hawaii, marine engineers have been able to actually convince such vegetables that they're living in cooler climate. That way they grow faster and taste better. What these engineers have been using is very simply cold sea water. How do they use it？ They place pipes hi the mil and the cold water flow in through them cools the air. This stimulates plants growth mid enables gardeners in tropical climates to glow crops from cooler climates. Also some of these pipes m exposed to the air and they con dense moisture and thus litigate the garden. What's especially appealing about this process is that nothing damaging to the natural environment is being used. Another innovative use for cold ocean water is to cool buildings. Engineers believe that, for example, the entire west coast of the United Stales could be air-conditioned using sea water.

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A．Hawaii is cooler now.

B．The vegetables have become accustomed to the weather in Hawaii.

C．They are cheated to believe that they are growing in cool climate.

D．They are transgenic vegetables.

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The passage is most likely to be _________.

A.n announcement in a museum

B.an advertisement in a newspaper

C.a leaflet from a travel agency

D.a guide for smart phone

Which of the following statement is NOT true of Consumer Cellular？A.You can save money with easy plans

B.You can ask for your special discount

C.You can change or cancel your plan at any time for no reason

D.You can change your existing phone number with a little cost

The advantage of Post-Paid Billing is _________.A.there are Family Shared Use Plans

B.there is no-obligation return and nothing to lose

C.there is no worry of using up or reloading minutes

D.there is a variety of phones to select

The underlined word ship in Paragraph 6 probably means_________ .A.send

B.carry

C.make

D.copy

From the passage we know that Consumer Cellular is_________ .A.a new cell phone

B.a wireless service

C.a consumers association

D.an educational website

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

听力原文： Hello, I'll be your tour guide today here at the art museum so I'd like to welcome you m this month's exhibit on native American pottery. We'll begin our tour in a few minutes. But first I'm going to tell you something about the way this pottery was created. Pottery was made all over ancient North America by many different groups of people. One of the earliest of these ancient American cultures was the Hohokam people. They lived in what is now Arizona from about 300 BC to 1500 AD. And it's their pottery that you will be looking at today. All of the pottery was made from clay. Some objects were for everyday use, like con miners for food and water: pots for cooking, and mugs, bowls and ladles for drinking and eating. You will also sec finger rings and animalshaped incense burners, which we believe were probably used in special rituals. The Hohokam formed their pottery vessels from coils of clay. They then shaped them with special tools to create very thin sides on the vessels. Afterwards they painted the pottery with red designs. Actually many of the pieces here have designs right on them that show how the pottery was used. Now I hope you'll enjoy the beauty and the uniqueness of the Hohokam pottery and this will give you some interesting insight about the people who created it. Please feel free to ask me any questions and thank you for joining us today.

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A．To describe an upcoming video presentation,

B．To introduce a lecture series.

C．To introduce a speaker to a group.

D．To provide background information for a special exhibit.

The author uses the example of a rattle to show that ______.

A．in toy-making there is a continuity in the use of materials

B．even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology

C．it often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy-making

D．even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the times

People can help solve the problem of pollution by ______.

A．urging their governments to control litter and waste

B．cutting down the use of oil and other oil products

C．reducing unnecessary buying, over-consumption and careless disposal of wastes

D．Making anti-pollution advertisements

A、con

B、pro

Come and see me whenever _________.

A．you are convenient

B．you will be convenient

C．it is convenient to you

D．it will be convenient to you

NASA Inventions You Might Use Every Day

In 1958, President Eisenhower signed the Space Act, officially creating the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. From the beginning, the purpose for the new branch extended beyond space ships and moon boots. The law prescribed that its research and advancements should benefit all people, and in its 50-year history, NASA has certainly fulfilled that role.

Although most people today will never set foot on the moon, everyone likely comes in con tact with a NASA by-product every day. Partnering with various research teams and companies, NASA continues to produce a vast array of new technologies and products that have improved our daily lives. Basic steps in health, safety, communications and even casual entertainment find their roots in the government branch commonly associated with rocket ships and floating people. In fact, NASA has filed more than 6,300 patents with the U.S. government.

Each year since 1976, NASA has published a list of every commercialized technology and product linked to its research. The NASA journal Spinoff highlights these products, which have included things like improved pacemakers, state of the art exercise machines and satellite radio. Each product was made possible thanks to a NASA idea or innovation.

But it doesn't take a rocket scientist to use many of these so-called by-products. Read on to learn about some of these familiar products.

1. Water Filters

Water is the essential ingredient to human survival. Since people cannot live without water, the ability to convert contaminated water to pure water is an incredibly important scientific achievement.

Astronauts needed a way to cleanse water they take up into space, since bacteria and sickness would be highly problematic. Water filter technology had existed since the early 1950s, but NASA wanted to know how to clean water in more extreme situations and keep it clean for longer periods of time.

If you look at a water filter, you can usually detect small chunks of charcoal (木炭) inside of them. Sometimes, when you first use a water filter, you'll even notice tiny black flecks from those chunks. This charcoal is specially activated and contains silver ions that neutralize bacteria in the water. Along with killing bacteria in the water, the filters also prevent further bacterial growth. Companies have borrowed from this same technology to bring us the water filter systems millions of people use at home every day.

2. Cordless Tools

When you're sucking up bits of dirt or crumbs around the house with a handheld cordless vacuum, you are actually using the same technology that astronauts used on the moon. Although Black & Decker had already invented the first battery-powered tools in 1961, the NASA-related research helped refine the technology that led to lightweight, cordless medical instruments, hand held vacuum cleaners and other tools.

In the mid-1960s, to prepare for the Apollo missions to the moon, NASA needed a tool that astronauts could use to obtain samples of rocks and soil. The drill had to be lightweight, compact and powerful enough to dig deep into the surface of the moon. Since rigging up a cord to a drill in outer space would be a difficult feat, NASA and Black & Decker invented a battery-powered, magnet-motor drill. Working in the context of a limited space environment, Black & Decker developed a computer program for the tool that reduced the amount of power expended during use to maximize battery life.

After the NASA project, Black & Decker applied the same principles to make other lightweight, battery-powered tools for everyday consumers.

3. Long-distance Telecommunications

The ability to carry on long-distance telephone conversations did not happen overnight. It doesn't

A．space travel

B．national security

C．people's welfare

D．economic development

A．what

B．that

C．so that

D．which