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Text 2 Anxiety disorders are common and range from lo percent t0 20 percent of children

and teens．Girl are usually more likely than boys to report anxiety symptoms or signs．Anxiety runs in families，due to a combination of inherent and environmental factors．Anxious parents may produce anxious children．When signs are so severe that they interfere with daily life activities，it is time to seek an evaluation from a mental health professional． Consider the following example of a child who suffered stress disorder．Maria，age l2，was at her physician’s office awaiting her yearly checkup．A bullet from a gun battle in the next building tore through the wall and struck her mother in the shoulder．severely wounding her．The mother was rushed to the hospital，but Maria did not know her fate for several days． Unable or unwilling to speak，visibly anxious and fearful，Maria was evaluated by a child doctor in the Sallle hospital several days later．He recommended a brief treatment and began by taking Maria to her mother’s bedside． Maria，reassured that her mother was alive，neveRheless could not be separated from her．During the following weeks she insisted on sleeping with her mother and would not let her out of her sight．Her mother was equally shocked，and told her daughter she was suffering great pain． The doctor began a series of play treatment sessions using dolls and paly surgical instruments in which Maria performed operations in her doll hospital．She began to get great pleasure in her sessions．Her mother did not recover so quickly，so the doctor recommended individual treatment for her． The final sessions involved Mafia performing the operation on，not a doll，but her mother，who submitted to patient status once again．Playing out the painful theme was extremely beneficial，and with a minimum of interpretation，both were back to their normal functioning by the month’s end．Maria did not need any medication． There are many ways of helping anxious children cope with their fears and worries．A carefa，tevaluation and specific treatment plan can help these children get back on the path of normal development． 回答下列各题： We learn from the text that anxiety in a family atmosphere is often________．

A.analyzable

B.unavoidable

C.uncontrollable

D.communicable

提问人：网友yahoo120 发布时间：2022-01-07
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更多“Text 2 Anxiety disorders are c…”相关的问题
第1题
Culture shock is a term used to describe the anxiety and feelings （of surprise, disor

Culture shock is a term used to describe the anxiety and feelings (of surprise, disorientation, confusion, etc.) felt when people have to operate within an entirely different cultural or social environment, such as a different country or a different state than where they live.()

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第2题
TEXT BConsidering that anxiety makes your palms sweat, your heart race, and your brain sei

TEXT B

Considering that anxiety makes your palms sweat, your heart race, and your brain seize up like a car with a busted transmission, it's no wonder people reach for the Xanax to vanquish it. But in a surlmse, re- searchers who study emotion regulation-how we cope, or fail to cope, with the daily swirl of feelings-are discovering that many anxious people are bound and determined (though not always consciously) to cultivate anxiety. The reason, studies suggest, is that for some people anxiety boosts cognitive performance.

In one recent study, psychologist Maya Tamir of Hebrew University in Jerusalem gave 47 undergraduates a standard test of neuroticism, which asks people if they agree with such statements as "I get stressed out easily." She then presented the volunteers with a list of tasks, either difficult (giving a speech, taking a test) or easy (washing dishes), and asked which emotion they would prefer to be feeling before each. The more neurotic subjects were significantly more likely to choose feeling worried before a demanding task; non-neurotic subjects chose other emotions. Apparently, the neurotics had a good reason to opt for anxiety: when Tamir gave everyone anagrams to solve, the neurotics who had just written about an event that had caused them anxiety did better than neurotics who had recalled a happier memory. Among non-neurotics, putting themselves in an anxious frame. of mind had no effect on performance.

In other people, anxiety is not about usefulness but familiarity, finds psychology researcher Brett Ford of the University of Denver. She measured the "trait emotions" (feelings people tend to have most of the time) of 139 undergraduates, using a questionnaire that lists emotions and asks "to what extent you feel this way in general." She then grouped the students into those characterized by "trait fear" (those who tended to be anxious, worried, or nervous), "trait anger" (chronically angry, irritated, or annoyed), and "trait happy" (the cheerful, joyful gang). Six months later, the volunteers returned to Ford's lab. This time she gave them a list of emotions and asked which they wanted to experience. Not surprisingly, the cheerful bunch wanted to be happy. But in a shock for those who think anyone who is chronically anxious can't wait to get thek hands on some Ativan (氯羟安定), those with "trait fear" said they wanted to be worried and nervous-even though it felt subjectively unpleasant. (The "trait angry" students tended to prefer feeling the same way, too.) Wanting to feel an emotion is not the same thing as enjoying that emotion, points out neuroscientist Kent Berridge of the University of Michigan, who discovered that wanting and liking aremediated by two distinct sets of neurotransmitters.

In some cases, the need to experience anxiety can lead to a state that looks very much like addiction to anxiety. "There are people who have extreme agitation, but they can't understand why," says psychiatrist Harris Stratyner of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. They therefore latch on to any cause to explain what they're feeling. That rationalization doubles back and exacerbates the anxiety. "Some people,"

he adds, "get addicted to feeling anxious because that's the state that they've always known. If they feel a sense of calm, they get bored; they feel empty inside. They want to feel anxious." Notice he didn't say "like. "

The studies of emotion regulation suggest that

[A] anxiety can cause palms to sweat and hearts to race.

[B] anxiety can be vanquished by Xanax.

[C] anxious people tend to feel uncomfortable.

[D] anxiety can enhance cognitive competence.

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第3题
Many people have difficulty in studying mathematics. Sometimes their difficulty stems from
the psychological idea that they are "not good at math". (39) It has been demonstrated that many times that it is often this idea that is causing their problems rather than any lack of skill in mathematics. The best way to deal with this problem is to tell yourself that math involves using the same numbers you have been using all your life and that you know them as well as anyone else. Then set your mind to learning how they are used in the particular part of mathematics you are studying. Many schools offer "math anxiety" courses which are designed to help people overcome their fear of math.

Another problem many people encounter is that in mathematics, unlike some other subjects you may have studied, the material has a very important sequence or order. If you do not understand a section of mathematics text, it is no use going on to the next section. Many sections of math books are based on information presented earlier, so it is essential that you understand a section before going on to the next.

Sometimes students in mathematics courses do not read the written material in the text but assume that the instructor will tell them what they need to know. This can cause them serious problems, since many instructors assume that students have read the text before coming to class. The written sections of mathematics textbooks contain much valuable information.

Sometimes the difficulty of math students comes from______.

A．the thought that they don't like math

B．the thought that they are poor in math

C．the ideas of psychologists

D．the ideas of instructors

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第4题
Task 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements

Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 through 45.

Accidents are caused; they don't just happen. The reason may be easy to sec: an overloaded tray, a shell' out of reach, a patch of ice on the road. But more often than that there is a chain of events leading up to the misfortune—frustration, tiredness or just bad temper—that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack on oneself.

Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel and we all know people who are accident-prone, so often at odds with themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.

By definition, an accident is something you cannot predict or avoid, and the idea which used to be current, that the majority of road accidents are caused by a minority of criminally careless drivers, is not supported by insurance statistics. These show that most accidents involve ordinary motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.

It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions make people more likely to have an accident. For instance, the law requires all factories to take safety precautions and most companies have safety committees to make sure the regulations are observed, but still, every day in Britain, some fifty thousand men and women are absent from work due to an accident. These accidents are largely the result of human error or misjudgment—noise and fatigue, boredom or worry are possible factors which contribute to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety level, run three times the normal risk of accidents at work.

This passage might be taken from

A．a text book

B．a science fiction

C．a popular magazine

D．a report of a manufacturer

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第5题
In the following text, some sentences have been re...

In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. [A] Eye fixations are brief. [B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude. [C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal. [D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact. [E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated. [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers. [G] Eye contact can also be aggressive. In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way. But it can also be antagonistic, such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor during a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility. Here’s what hard science reveals about eye contact: （1)_____________________________ We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In adulthood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore. （2)_____________________________ Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer during a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond during direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning. （3)_____________________________ With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages, depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you’re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you’re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson. （4)_____________________________ When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research. （5)_____________________________ In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance, according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them. 1.

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第6题
The Natural Approach uses three stages as a basis for beginners: 1 ______; 2 giving the st
udents comprehensible input about experiences and allowing for opportunities to engage in conversations about their own experiences; and 3 input and discussions, concerning opinions.

A. lowering the affective filter

B. strengthening the affective filter

C. lowering anxiety

D. strengthening motivation

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第7题
Carroll's statement cited in Lines 2-3, Paragraph 2 showsA．the absence of a proper underst

Carroll's statement cited in Lines 2-3, Paragraph 2 shows

A．the absence of a proper understanding in the nature of language learning.

B．his anxiety over the situation in the studies of language learning.

C．the necessity for psychological research on language learning.

D．his promise of what he could offer for psycholinguistic studies.

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第8题
Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by som

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

When I first arrived in London, I found a job working as an au pair girl(做轻松家务以换食宿的外国女子) ] in a wealthy family while studying in a local language school. After a day of hard work both at school and around the house, you could imagine the anxiety I felt to get my fingers on some food when it was finally the hour for the family to sit down for dinner. But who was to know that it was only the beginning of my ordeal？

First came to the soup, one of my favorites. Without inquiring what was in the soup, I started sipping from my bowl as elegantly as I could manage. "Jian, that's not the way to drink soup," the old lady remarked from across the table.

"You have to use a spoon."

"OK," I thought to myself, "that shouldn't be too difficult." So I grabbed a spoon which was laid out in front of me alongside half a dozen other cutlery (餐具). Hardly before I could put the spoon into my mouth further objections came.

"It's the wrong spoon. Save it for dessert later."

By the time I figured out the right spoon to use, the soup was already half cold.

Then the main course was served.

"Knife and fork for the main course. Surely nothing can possibly go wrong with that," I assured myself.

"No," the objection sounded even more definite this time.

"You should always hold the knife in your right hand and the fork in the other!"

In this manner, I "enjoyed" my first proper Western meal. Was the food nice？ To be honest, I had almost forgotten what the food itself tasted like by the time the meal was finished. Simply too much excitement to go through for one meal.

Which is the best summary of the information in the text？

A．Food for my first meal in London tasted really good.

B．My first meal in London was unforgettable.

C．I was so angry that I could not finish my first meal in London.

D．The old lady looked down upon me since I didn't use cutlery appropriately.

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第9题
Part ADirections: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by cho

Part A

Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find flaws (缺陷) in themselves.

Coaches and parents should also be careful that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today' s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater influence on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.

An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ______ .

A．to make sports less competitive

B．to make sports more challenging

C．to reduce their mental stress

D．to increase their sense of success

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第10题
Carroll's statement cited in Lines 2-3 ,Paragraph 2 shows________[A] the absence of a

Carroll's statement cited in Lines 2-3 ,Paragraph 2 shows________

[A] the absence of a proper understanding in the nature of language learning.

[B] his anxiety over the situation in the studies of language learning.

[C] the necessity for psychological research on language leaming.

[D] his promise of what he could offer for psycholinguistic studies.

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