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更多“Temperature plays an important…”相关的问题
A．people like to listen to it
B．the store has a comfortable temperature
C．it will make people spend
D．it will remind people to buy the things they want
Respiration plays a key role__________ 查看材料
A.by keeping its original shape and colour
B.in the life of the cut flower
C.to produce carbon dioxide
D.for as long as possible
E.by controlling temperature
F.to replace the water and solution every day
A supermarket plays soft music because______.
A．people like to listen to it
B．the store has a comfortable temperature
C．it will make people spend more money
D．it will remind people to buy the things they want
Lipstick plays an important role in women's life because ______.
A．it can show they are rich
B．it can show they are healthy
C．they want to keep their body temperature
D．they want to be more attractive
Another study showed that for every minute a person is in a supermarket after the first half hour, she or he spends $50. If someone stays forty minutes, the supermarket has an additional $5.00. So the store has a comfortable temperature in summer and winter, and it plays soft music. It is a pleasant place for people to stay and spend more money.
Some stores have red or pink lights over the meat so the meat looks redder. They put light green paper around lettuce (生菜) and put apples in red plastic bags.
So be careful in the supermarket. You may go home with a bag of food you were not planning to buy. The supermarket, not you, decided you should buy it.
Marketing specialists study______.
A．plants suitable for human needs
B．how to build shelves
C．method of selling more products
D．how to own supermarkets
Because human anatomy does not change (except
over long periods of time), knowledge acquired a
century ago was still accurate today. Broad functions 【M1】 ______
of any part of the body, such as the skin, are dupli - 【M2】 ______
cated in different ways by organs. One can
eventually understand the entire body as a larger
system made up of smaller, interdependent system.
Cross-seciton of the skin reveals a top layer of 【M3】 ______
epidermis, or cuticle, followed by derma, and finally,
a subcutaneous cellular tissue. Sprouting through all 【M4】 ______
three layers are hairs, with hair follicles and erector
pili muscles embedded deep within the subcutaneous
tissue. Sweat (sudoriferous glands), fat cells, and
sebaceous glands are scattered throughout, however 【M5】 ______
papillae, which are conical and extremely sensitive,
can be found directly beneath the superficial layer.
The skin is the primary organ of the sense of
touch. It can also excrete substances as well as absorb 【M6】 ______
them, and it plays a vital role in regulating body
temperature and in protecting the tissue that lie 【M7】 ______
beneath it.
The epidermis has no veins or arteries and varies
considerably both in thickness and in the depth or
fineness of its furrows. On the palm, for example,
the skin is quite thick, or horny, and is marked by
deep furrows or lines. On the back of the hand,
however, the skin is thick, and has only a faint 【M8】 ______
network of lines crisscrossing it. The pigment found
in the epidermis gives whatever color there is to the
skin; this pigment is similar with that found in the retina 【M9】 ______
of the eye. One layer down, in the derma, there is
similar varietion in thickness, mostly to protect 【M10】______
underlying tissue.
【M1】
Climate Change
Scientists predict increasing droughts, floods and extreme weather and say there is growing evidence that human activities are to blame.
What Is Climate Change？
The planet's climate is constantly changing. The global average temperature is currently in the region of 15℃. Geological and other evidence suggests that, in the past, this average may have been as high as 27℃ and as low as 7℃.
But scientists are concerned that the natural fluctuation (波动) has been overtaken by a rapid human-induced warming that has serious implications for the stability of the climate on which much life on the planet depends.
What Is the "Greenhouse Effect"？
The greenhouse effect refers to the role played by gases which effectively trap energy from the Sun in the Earth's atmosphere. Without them, the planet would be too cold to sustain life as we know it.
The most important of these gases in the natural greenhouse effect is water vapor, but concentrations of that are changing little and it plays almost no role in modem human-induced greenhouse warming.
Other greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane (甲烷) and nitrous (含氮的) oxide, which are released by modern industry, agriculture and the burning of fossil fuels. Their concentration in the atmosphere is increasing—the concentration of carbon dioxide has risen by more than 30% since 1800.
The majority of climate scientists accept the theory that an increase in these gases will cause a rise in the Earth's temperature.
What Is the Evidence of Warming？
Temperature records go back to the late 19th century and show that the global average temperature increased by about 0.6℃ in the 20th century.
Sea levels have risen 10～20 cm—thought to be caused mainly by the expansion of warming oceans.
Most glaciers in temperate regions of the world and along the Antarctic Peninsula are in retreat, and records show Arctic sea-ice has thinned by 40% in recent decades in summer and autumn.
There are anomalies (异常) however—parts of. the Antarctic appear to be getting colder, and there are discrepancies between trends in surface temperatures and those in the troposphere(对流层) (the lower portion of the atmosphere).
How Much Will Temperatures Rise？
If nothing is done to reduce emissions, current climate models predict a global temperature increase of 1.4～5.8℃ by 2100.
Even if we cut greenhouse gas emissions dramatically now, scientists say the effects would continue because parts of the climate system, particularly large bodies of water and ice, can take hundreds of years to respond to changes in temperature. It also takes greenhouse gases in the atmosphere decades to break down.
It is possible that we have already irrevocably(不可撤回地) committed the Greenland ice sheet to melting, which would cause an estimated 7m rise in sea level. There are also indications that the west Antarctic ice sheet may have begun to melt. though scientists caution further research is necessary.
How Will the Weather Change？
Globally, we can expect more extreme weather events, with heat waves becoming hotter and more frequent. Scientists predict more rainfall overall, but say the risk of thought in inland areas during hot summers will increase. More flooding is expected from storms and rising sea levels.
There are, however, likely to be very strong regional variations in these patterns, and these ere difficult to predict.
What Will the Effects Be？
The potential impact is huge, with predicted freshwater shortages, sweeping changes in food production conditions, and increases in deaths from floods, storms, heat waves and droughts. Poorer countries, which are least equipped to deal with rapid change, will suffer most.
Plant and animal extinctions are predicte
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
READING PASSAGE 3
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 26-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.
HIGHS & LOWS
Hormone levels - and hence our moods - may be affected by the weather. Gloomy weather can cause depression, but sun shine appears to raise the spirits. In Britain, for example, the dull weather of winter drastically cuts down the amount of sunlight that is experienced which strongly affects some people. They become so depressed and lacking in energy that their work and social life are affected. This condition has been given the name SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder). Sufferers can fight back by making the most of any sunlight in winter and by spending a few hours each day under special, full-spectrum lamps. These provide more ultraviolet and blue green light than ordinary fluorescent and tungsten lights. Some Russian scientists claim that children learn better after being exposed to ultraviolet light. In warm countries, hours of work are often arranged so that workers can take a break, or even a siesta, during the hottest part of the day. Scientists are working to discover the links between the weather and human beings' moods and performance.
It is generally believed that tempers grow shorter in hot, muggy weather. There is no doubt that 'crimes against the person' rise in the summer, when the weather is hotter and fall in the winter when the weather is colder. Research in the United States has shown a relation- ship between temperature and street riots. The frequency of riots rises dramatically as the weather gets warmer, hitting a peak around 27-30℃. But is this effect really due to a mood change caused by the heat？ Some scientists argue that trouble starts more often in hot weather merely because there are more people in the street when the weather is good.
Psychologists have also studied how being cold affects performance. Re searchers compared divers working in icy cold water at 5℃ with others in water at 20℃ (about swimming pool tempera ture). The colder water made the divers worse at simple arithmetic and other mental tasks. But significantly, their performance was impaired as soon as they were put into the cold water - before their bodies had time to cool down. This suggests that the low temperature did not slow down mental functioning directly, but the feeling of cold distracted the divers from their tasks.
Psychologists have conducted studies showing that people become less sceptical and more optimistic when the weather is sunny. However, this apparently does not just depend on the temperature. An American psychologist studied customers in a temperature-controlled restaurant. They gave bigger tips when the sun was shining and smaller tips when it wasn't, even though the temperature in the restaurant was the same. A link between weather and mood is made believable by the evidence for a connection between behaviour and the length of the daylight hours. This in turn might involve the level of a hormone called melatonin, produced in the pineal gland in the brain. The amount of melatonin falls with greater exposure to daylight. Research shows that melatonin plays an important part in the seasonal behaviour of certain animals. For example, food con sumption of stags increases during the winter, reaching a peak in February/ March. It falls again to a low point in May, then rises to a peak in September, before dropping to another minimum in November. These changes seem to be trig gered by varying melatonin levels.
In the laboratory, hamsters put on more weight when the nights are getting shorter and their melatonin levels are falling. On the other hand, if they are given injections of melatonin, they will stop eating altogether. It seems that time cues provided by the changing lengths of day and night trigger changes in animals' behaviour - changes that are needed to cope with the cycle of the seasons. People's moods too, have been shown to react to
A．They were less able to concentrate.
B．Their body temperature fell too quickly.
C．Their mental functions were immediately affected by the cold.
D．They were used to swimming pool conditions.
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