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"Extinct Language" is a language that ______ .
A．is spoken by deed people
B．is spoken by Greek now
C．is now not spoken
D．is not spoken now but will be spoken soon
Directions: Put the following sentences in the proper order so that they make a complete paragraph. FOR EXAMPLE: 123456789 1. It was, in fact, the little known Cleisthenes. 2. Who is the father of democracy？ 3. Not Thomas Jefferson, as many people oddly seem to think. 4. From 508 to 502 BC, he began to develop a series of major reforms, leading to the formation of Athenian Democracy. 5. He first introduced democracy to the Greek city states in 508 BC, after he gained political power in Athens. 6. All citizens over the age of thirty were eligible to sit on the council, encouraging public involvement in the government. 7. He made all free men living in Athens and Attica citizens, giving them the right to vote as part of a democratic society. 8. While the format may not be the same as the many democracies around the world today, there is no doubt that this was the first step. 9. He also established a council.
According to the speaker, what were the beliefs of the Greek philosophers based upon？
A．How the natural world was described in Greek mythology.
B．What they observed directly.
C．The writings of philosophers from other societies.
D．Measurements made with scientific instruments.
听力原文： In ancient times, many people believed tile earth was a flat disc. Well over 2,000 years ago, rite ancient Greek philosophers were able to put forward two good arguments proving that it was not. Direct observations of heavenly bodies was the basis of both these arguments. First, the Greeks knew that during eclipses of the moon, file earth was between the sun and the moon, and they saw that during these eclipses, the earth's shadow on the moon was always round, they realized that this could be true only if the earth was spherical. If tile earth were a flat disc, then its shadow during eclipses would not be a perfect circle, it would be stretched out into a long ellipse. Tile second argument was based on what the Greeks saw during their travels. They noticed that the North Star, or Polaris, appeared lower in the sky when they traveled south, in more northern regions, the North Star appeared to them to be much higher in file sky. By the way, it was also from this difference in the apparent position of the North Star that the Greeks first calculated the approximate distance around the circumference of the earth, a figure recorded in ancient documents says 400,000 stadia, that's the plural of the word stadium. Today, it's not known exactly what length one stadium represents, but let's say, it was about 200 meters, the length of many athletic stadiums. This would hake the Greek' s estimate about twice the figure accepted today, a very good estimate for those writing so long before even the first telescope was invented.
(33)
A．How ancient philosophers measured the distance between heavenly bodies.
B．How ancient philosophers explained the cause of an eclipse of the Moon.
C．Why ancient philosophers thought the Earth was a sphere.
D．Why ancient philosophers thought the Earth moved around the Sun.
One of the earliest historians, a Greek named Herodotus, always tried to make sure that information was as accurate as possible. Herodotus lived in the 400's B.C. He wrote a detailed account of the Persian Wars, the great struggle between the Greeks and the Persians that had taken place in the years before he was born.
A great deal of our information about these wars exists only because Herodotus found it out and wrote it down. Here, to give one example, is his account of how the battle of Salamis began. This was a naval battle at which the Athenian ships defeated the Persians that had taken place in the year 480 B.C. It was one of the turning points of the war, and the question was how the Greeks, badly outnumbered, dared to fight. Here is how Herodotus explained it:
Themistocles, the Athenian leader, told them to board their ships, whereupon the Greeks put to sea. The fleet had hardly left shore when they were attacked by the Persians. At once, most of the Greeks began to retreat, and were about to touch land again when one of the Athenian captains shot forward and charged one of the enemy. The two ships became entangled, and could not be separated. At this the rest of the Greek fleet came up to help, and the battle began.
Ever since Herodotus, historians have recovered and preserved information about past events that otherwise would have been lost. Modern historians have continued to look for new information which helps us understand the past more clearly and more accurately. The usefulness of historians and their works has been recognized by a number of American Presidents, who have made professional historians part of their White House staffs.
15.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the ways people used to keep record of their achievements？
16.Which of the following is NOT true about Herodotus？
17.How did the Greeks dare to fight according to Herodotus？
18.In what way do American Presidents recognize the usefulness of historians and their works？
(35)
A．They build monuments.
B．They tell stories from parents to children.
C．They write things down.
D．They make professional historians part of their governments' staffs.
SECTION B PASSAGES
Directions: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
听力原文： In ancient times, many people believed the earth was a flat disc. Well over 2,000 years ago, the ancient Greek philosophers were able to put forward two good arguments proving that it was not. Direct observation of heavenly bodies was the basis of both these arguments. First, the Greeks knew that during eclipses of the moon, the earth was between the sun and the moon, and they saw that during these eclipses, the earth's shadow on the moon was always round, they realized that this could be true only if the earth was spherical. If the earth were a flat disc, then its shadow during eclipses would not be a perfect circle, it would be stretched out into a long ellipse. The second argument was based on what the Greeks saw during their travels. They noticed that the North Star, or Polaris, appeared lower in the sky when they traveled south, in more northerly regions, the North Star appeared to them to be much higher in the sky. By the way, it was also from this difference in the apparent position of the North Star that the Greeks first calculated the approximate distance around the circumference of the earth, a figure recorded in ancient documents says 400,000 stadia, that's the plural of the word stadium. Today, it's not known exactly what length one stadium represents, but let's say it was about 200 meters, the length of many athletic stadiums. This would make the Greek's estimate about twice the figure accepted today, a very good estimate for those writing so long before even the fast telescope was invented.
According to the professor, what were, the beliefs of the Greek philosophers based upon？
A．How the natural world was described in Greek mythology.
B．What they observed directly.
C．The writings of philosophers from other societies.
D．Measurements made with scientific instruments,
A、Greek people
B、Finnish people
C、Spanish people
D、The Italians
A.Runners enter the stadium with torches．
B.Each team has to put on a wonderful display．
C.The Greek team marches in first．
D.Men and women wear magnificent clothes．
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