What's the first defense line of immune system?
A、A skin
B、B mucosa
C、C innate immune cells
D、D adaptive immune cells
A、A skin
B、B mucosa
C、C innate immune cells
D、D adaptive immune cells
A、Summarize published clinical trials on bonded oxide ceramic restorations and correlate their results with that of laboratory bond strength testing using the same bonding methods as in the clinical trials.
B、Despite a huge number of published laboratory bonding studies on dental oxide ceramics clinical long-term studies on resin bonded oxide ceramic restorations are rare. The purpose of this review is to present the best available clinical evidence for successful bonding of dental oxide ceramic restorations.
C、Replicate the previous studies.
D、Summarize the huge variety of bonding methods used on dental oxide ceramics and their results in laboratory bond strength testing
A、D.H.Lawrence's
B、J.Galsworthy's
C、W.Thackeray’s
D、T.Hardy’s
A、indirect-contace systems
B、direct-contace systems
C、a plate freezing system
D、a scraped-surface continuous freezing systems
It's not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Anderson' s early success. The National Institutes of Health budget office estimates it will spend $ 432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005, and there is no shortage of promising leads. The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through viruses that don' t cause human disease. "The virus is sort of like a Trojan horse," says Ronald Crystal of New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College. "The cargo is the gene. "
At the University of Pennsylvania's Abramson Cancer Center, immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV pa tients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection. At Cornell University, researchers are pursuing gene-based therapies for Parkinson's disease and a rare hereditary disorder that destroys children' s brain cells. At Stanford University and the Children' s Hospital of Philadelphia, researchers are trying to figure out how to help patients with hemophilia who today must inject themselves with expensive clotting drugs for life. Animal experiments have shown great promise.
But somehow, things get lost in the translation from laboratory to patient. In human trials of the hemophilia treatment, patients show a response at first, but it fades over time. And the field has still not recovered from the setback it suffered in 1999, when Jesse Gelsinger, an 18-year-old with a rare metabolic disorder, died after receiving an experimental gene therapy at the University of Pennsylvania. Some experts worry that the field will be tarnished further if the next people to benefit are not patients but athletes seeking an edge. This summer, researchers at the Salk Institute in San Diego said they had created a "marathon mouse" by implanting a gene that enhances running ability; already, officials at the World Anti-Doping Agency are preparing to test athletes for signs of "gene doping". But the principle is the same, whether you're trying to help a healthy runner run faster or allow a muscular-dystro-phy patient to walk. "Everybody recognizes that gene therapy is a very good idea," says Crystal. "And eventually it's going to work. "
The case of Ashanthi Desilva is mentioned in the text to
A.show the promise of gene-therapy
B.give an example of modem treatment for fatal diseases
C.introduce the achievement of Anderson and his team
D.explain how gene-based treatment works
B.碳水化合物对我们心脏、神经系统,消化系统和免疫系统能否正常工作也起着非常重要的作用。
C.碳水化合物对我们脑、心脏、神经系统,消化系统和免疫系统能否正常工作也起着非常不重要的作用。
为了保护您的账号安全,请在“简答题”公众号进行验证,点击“官网服务”-“账号验证”后输入验证码“”完成验证,验证成功后方可继续查看答案!