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What is the name of the dictionary compiled by Samuel Johnson？
A．First English Dictionary.
B．Dictionary of English Language.
C．A Dictionary of the English Language.
D．Dictionary of the English Language.
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9.Samuel Johnson Samuel Johnson (18 September 1709 – 13 December 1784), often referred to as Dr Johnson, was an English writer who made lasting contributions to English literature as a poet, playwright, essayist, moralist, literary critic, biographer, editor, and lexicographer. Religiously, he was a devout Anglican, and politically a committed Tory. The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography describes Johnson as "arguably the most distinguished man of letters in English history". He is the subject of James Boswell's The Life of Samuel Johnson, described by Walter Jackson Bate as "the most famous single work of biographical art in the whole of literature". Born in Lichfield, Staffordshire, Johnson attended Pembroke College, Oxford, for just over a year, but a lack of funds forced him to leave. After working as a teacher, he moved to London, where he began to write for The Gentleman's Magazine. His early works include the biography Life of Mr Richard Savage, the poems London and The Vanity of Human Wishes, and the play Irene. After nine years of work, Johnson's A Dictionary of the English Language was published in 1755. It had a far-reaching effect on Modern English and has been acclaimed as "one of the greatest single achievements of scholarship". This work brought Johnson popularity and success. Until the completion of the Oxford English Dictionary 150 years later, Johnson's was the pre-eminent British dictionary. His later works included essays, an influential annotated edition of The Plays of William Shakespeare, and the widely read tale The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia. In 1763, he befriended James Boswell, with whom he later travelled to Scotland; Johnson described their travels in A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland. Towards the end of his life, he produced the massive and influential Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets, a collection of biographies and evaluations of 17th- and 18th-century poets. Johnson was a tall and robust man. His odd gestures and tics were disconcerting to some on first meeting him. Boswell's Life, along with other biographies, documented Johnson's behavior and mannerisms in such detail that they have informed the posthumous diagnosis of Tourette syndrome, a condition not defined or diagnosed in the 18th century. After a series of illnesses, he died on the evening of 13 December 1784, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. In the years following his death, Johnson began to be recognized as having had a lasting effect on literary criticism, and he was claimed by some to be the only truly great critic of English literature. 18.Which one is the last work of Samuel Johnson?
A、A Dictionary of the English Language
B、A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland
C、Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets
D、The Gentleman's Magazine
3. The History of the English Dictionary In 1746, Samuel Johnson began to work on his most famous book, the Dictionary of the English Language. It took him nine years to complete and in that time, he wrote meanings for more than 40,000 words. It was the first English dictionary to include so many words. It had a far-reaching effect on Modern English and has been acclaimed as "one of the greatest single achievements of scholarship". Johnson was born in Staffordshire, Britain in 1709. His father was a bookseller and the family was not very rich. Johnson was a very clever student and he went to Oxford University in 1728. After Oxford, he became a school teacher but he was not happy about his job. In 1735, he married a woman named Elizabeth Porter. He was twenty-five years old and she was forty-six. A few years after that, Johnson got a job to write the English dictionary. He worked in a house in London and he had six men to help him. To write the dictionary, Johnson looked for words used by the important English writers in those days. He underlined the sentences where the words were used and wrote them in his notebooks. Then he gave his notebooks to his workers and they wrote the words and the sentences out neatly. After that, they put the words in order according to the English alphabet. Once that was done, Johnson would write the meanings for the words. When it was completed, the Dictionary of the English Language became famous and it was used by many people in that time. Johnson was a happy man because of that, but his wife died before the dictionary was completed and she never got to share her husband's happiness. Johnson died in London in 1784. In his lifetime, he not only wrote the Dictionary of the English Language but he also wrote many poems and famous articles. His later works included essays, an influential annotated edition of The Plays of William Shakespeare, and the widely read tale The History of Rasselas, Prince of Abissinia. In 1763, he befriended James Boswell, with whom he later travelled to Scotland; Johnson described their travels in A Journey to the Western Islands of Scotland. Towards the end of his life, he produced the massive and influential Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets, a collection of biographies and evaluations of 17th- and 18th-century poets. 5. Elizabeth Porter ______.
A、was older than Johnson by twenty-one years
B、helped Johnson to get the dictionary writing job
C、was a sick woman
D、died before the dictionary was completed because she was too old
A、Thomas Nash
B、Samuel Johnson
C、Edmund Spenser
D、Francis Bacon
| 阅读理解。 |
| The first English dictionary was published in 1604. The dictionary was actually nothing more than a list of about 3, 000 difficult words, each followed by a one-word definition. The author, Robert Cawdrey, made no attempt to include everyday words in his dictionary. No one, he reasoned, would ever have to look up a word in a dictionary if he already knew the meaning of the word. During the 1600's more dictionaries were published. Each followed Cawdrey's lead and presented a few thousand hard words. Around 1700 one dictionary maker, John Kersey, did define easy words as well as hard words. But until the 1750's all the dictionaries were rather crude and not very valuable. A man named Dr Samuel Johnson changed all this. In 1755 Dr Johnson produced the first modern dictionary. He included in his dictionary all important words, both easy and hard, and he gave good meanings. He also gave good sentences to show how each word was actually used in speech and in writing. By the end of the 1700's most dictionary makers had followed Johnson's example. Dictionaries were getting better and better. The 1800's saw the greatest improvement in the quality of dictionaries. In England scholars planned and prepared the Oxford English Dictionary, a twenty-volume (卷；册；部) work. One of the most interesting features of the Oxford Dictionary is its word histories. It traces (追溯；探索) the history of each word from its earliest recorded use up to the time of the printing of the dictionary. |
| 1. The first English dictionary _______. |
| A. defined easy words as well as hard ones B. was just a list of difficult words with one-word definitions C. included a number of everyday words D. was considered to be a very valuable one |
| 2. According to the passage, before 1755 all English dictionaries _______. |
| A. were of no value B. only defined hard words C. defined both easy words as well as hard words D. were far from being perfect |
| 3. Which of the following statements is not true about Dr Johnson's dictionary？ |
| A. It was not very valuable. B. It was the first modern English dictionary. C. It included easy words as well as hard ones. D. It gave sentences to show the usage of words. |
| 4. The most interesting feature of the Oxford Dictionary was that ______. |
| A. it had a complete list of difficult words B. it gave sentences showing how each word was actually used C. it was a 20-volume work D. it showed the history of each word |
| 5. This passage is mainly about _____. |
| A. the difference of English dictionaries B. the origin of English dictionaries C. the development of English dictionaries D. the features of English dictionaries |
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