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In the past, the concept of marketing emphasized sales. The producer or manufacturer made a product

he wanted to sell. Marketing was the task of figuring out how to sell the product. Basically, selling the product would be accomplished by sales promotion, which included advertising and personal selling. In addition to sales promotion, marketing also involved the physical distribution of the product to the places where it was actually sold. Distribution consisted of transportation, storage, delivery and related risks.

The modern marketing concept encompasses all of the activities mentioned, but it is based on a different set of principles. It subscribes to the notion that production can be economically justified only by consumption. In other words, goods should be produced only if they can be sold. Therefore, the producer should consider who is going to buy the product-or what the market for the product is-before production begins. This is very different from making a product and then thinking about how to sell it.

提问人:网友anonymity 发布时间:2022-01-07
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第1题
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

According to the dictionary definition of “create”, ordinary people are creative every day. To create means “to bring into being, to cause to exist”—something each of us does daily.

We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way. First this involves an awareness of our surroundings. It means using all of our sese to become aware of our world. This may be as simple as being aware of color and texture, as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all, it is the ability to notice things that others might miss.

A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things. I f we believe the expression, “There is nothing new under the sun,” the creativ ity is remaking or recombining the old in new ways. For example, we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture, or we might make a new combination of camera lenses and filters to cr eate an unusual photograph.

A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ide as, to apply them to achieve some new results. To think up a new concept is one thing; to put the idea to work is another.

These three parts of creativity are involved in all the great works of genius, but they are also involved in many of our day to day activities.

26.Which of the following activities is NOT a creative one according to t he passage?

A.To prepare a meal.

B.To arrange the furniture in a peculiar way.

C.To buy some books from a bookstore.

D.To “write” a letter with the computer.

27.The author holds that ____.

A.creativity is of highly demand

B.creativity is connected with a deep insight to some extent

C.creativity is to create something new and concrete

D.to practise and practise is the only way to cultivate one’s creativity

28.“There is nothing new under the sun.” (Par.3) really implies that ____.

A.we can seldom create new things

B.a new thing is only a tale

C.a new thing can only be created at the basis of original things

D.we can scarcely see really new things in the world

29.What does the author think about the relationship between a new though t and its being put into practice?

A.It’s more difficult to create a new thought than to apply it in practice.

B.To find a new thought will definitely lead to the production of a new thing.

C.One may come up with a new thought, but can not put it into practice.

D.A man with an excellent ability of practice can easily become an inventor.

30.The best title for this passage is ____.

A.How to Cultivate One’s Creativity    B.What is Creativity

C.The Importance of Creativity    D.Creativity—a Not Farway Thing

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第2题
Displays to keep an eye on

A New displays are starting to appear in consumer devices, offering advantages over today's liquid-crystal screens. From tiny mobile phones to enormous fiat-panel televisions, liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) are everywhere. The technology is cheap, even for large panels— witness the tumbling price of LCD televisions—and can brilliantly display text and graphics. LCDs have made notebook computers possible and have pushed aside the bulky computer monitors of a few years ago. They make it possible to show films on aeroplane seats-backs, play video games on the train and see digital photos right away on the back of a camera.

B However, LCDs are not perfect. They can be power hungry, tend to produce washed-out images in bright sunlight and are often thick and inflexible. As a result, several other display technologies, each with benefits and drawbacks of their own, are starting to appear in consumer-electronics devices. Some of them could give the LCD a run for its money, at least in some areas, by offering crisper images, brighter colours, thinner screens and lower power consumption.

C Electronic paper displays, first developed in the 1970s, are finally making their way into a number of products. Appropriately enough, Sony and several other manufacturers are using the technology in portable "e-book" devices intended to replace books and newspapers. Colour LCDs are grids of tiny shutters, each of which decides how much light to let through from a "backlight" behind the screen. Electronic paper, conversely, relies on ambient light from the surroundings, just like ink on paper—so electronic-paper displays are sharp and easy to read in bright sunlight. Better still, once the screen has been set to display a page of text, no electrical power is needed to keep it there; power is consumed only when the screen is updated, which can extend the battery life of mobile devices.

D The technology is also easy on the eye, says Nico Verplancke of IEBT, a Flemish research institute. Last year he oversaw a trial of electronic-paper technology carried out by De Tijd, a Belgian newspaper. The newspaper asked 200 readers to evaluate an electronic edition displayed on the iLiad, a device made by iRex Technologies of Eindhoven, in the Netherlands. Their responses to the display were favourable. "The reading experience was pretty amazing," says Mr Verplancke. "It was very close to reading normal paper."

E Sony has developed a similar device called the Reader, which went on sale in America last autumn. Like the iLiad, it uses electronic-paper technology from E Ink, based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. E Ink's technology has also been used in the Motofone, Motorola's low-cost mobile phone for the developing world, a Seiko wristwatch, a weather-station and a flash-memory stick. And it will appear in a new mobile device with a five inch (13cra) roll-up display that will be introduced in Italy later this year. The "Librofonino", an e-book reader with a cellular connection for receiving information, was developed by Polymer Vision, based in the Netherlands, and will be sold by Telecom Italia.

F A second emerging technology is based on organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Such displays, which are based on the electroluminescence of organic compounds, are said to be thinner and brighter than LCDs, and offer wider viewing angles. Since they emit light directly, OLED displays do not need a backlight. So far OLED displays have appeared mostly in small devices such as music players and as the secondary display on the outside of mobile-phones. Sales of OLED displays in 2006 reached $615m, says Vinita Jakhanwal of iSuppli, a market-research firm. But the technology is improving and annual sales will grow to around $3 billion in 2012, she predicts.

G The technology's main drawback is that OLED displays only have a lifetime of around 20,000 hours, or a little over two years in c

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第3题
__________ as the only child at home also prompts them to find new friends. They get __________ __________ __________ in the small society of fans.
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第4题
The difference between euchrmatin and heterochromatin does not include ___

A、they are located in the different region in nucleus

B、they have different transcribed activity

C、they have different dye ability and condensed structure

D、they have different base compositions.

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第5题
When summarizing ideas, the most important thing is to _____.

A、understand the original source thoroughly

B、to find out the major details

C、/

D、/

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第6题
Which of the following is most likely to be found in a production-oriented firm?

A、A) Producing goods that exactly meet the customer's needs.

B、B) A focus on profit rather than sales.

C、C) Making products that are simple to produce.

D、D) Agreements among departments about how to improve customer satisfaction.

E、E) None of the above.

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第7题
Joan has a cough and stuffy nose, and suddenly becomes aware of many TV ads for cold products that he never noticed before. This illustrates:

A、A) reinforced cognition.

B、B) selective exposure.

C、C) selective retention.

D、D) selective perception.

E、E) None of the above.

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第8题
A grocery store sprays an aerosol scent that smells like fresh baked bread near its packaged bakery items. This is:

A、A) an example of trying to link a cue with a marketing mix.

B、B) a violation of the selective processes.

C、C) a case of linking a response with a drive.

D、D) a case of a manager developing a need.

E、E) likely to have no effect because selective retention will eliminate any effect of the smell.

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第9题
The statement, "I like Ice cream," is an example of:

A、A) a belief.

B、B) an intention.

C、C) an attitude.

D、D) none of the above.

E、E) All of the above

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