A.indefinite
B.optimistic
C.pessimistic
D.critical
A.determine the criteria for the next decision
B.analyze the process of allocating weights to the decision criteria
C.evaluate the outcome of the decision
D.implement the chosen alternative
According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.The UN has almost achieved consensus among its members over the issue of human cloning.
B.The issue of human cloning has been in debate in both Senate and House of representatives in America recently, but the outcome is yet to be decided.
C.Asia and Europe have their own understanding over the issue of human cloning.
D.The debate over human cloning might influence the final result of next fall's Congressional elections.
Being assertive (过分自信) is being able to communicate with other people clearly. If you felt that you had expressed what was important to you and allowed the other person to respond in their own way then, regardless of the final outcome, you behaved assertively. It is important to remember that being assertive refers to a way of coping with confrontations (对抗). It does not mean getting your own way every time or winning some battle of wits against another person. In practice assertive behaviour is usually most likely to produce a result which is generally acceptable to all concerned, without anyone feeling that they have been unfairly treated.
Assertiveness is often wrongly confused with aggression (侵犯行为). An aggressive confrontation is when one or both parties attempt to put forward their feelings and beliefs at the expense of others. In an assertive confrontation, however, each party stands up for their personal rights, but each shows respect and understanding for the other' s viewpoint.
The reason why assertiveness may not come naturally is that we often tend to believe that we must talk around a subject rather than be direct, or that we must offer excuses or justifications for our actions.
In fact we all have a right to use assertive behaviour in a variety of situations. We are often schooled early in life to believe that sometimes our own need to express ourselves must take secondary place. For example, in dealing with those in privileged positions such as specialists, we often feel that speaking assertively is, in some way, "breaking the rules". Everybody has certain basic human rights, but often we feel guilty about exercising them.
According to the passage, an assertive person ______.
A.makes other people feel unfairly treated
B.puts forward his ideas at the expense of others
C.does not show respect to other people
D.speaks out what he wants to say forcefully
教材课文原文
THE COMPANY LEADING THE FUTURE OF FARMING
Here's a crazy idea: Combine bioprinting and tissue engineering to "print" animal products and tackle some of the planet's biggest problems. Animal farming, after all, accounts for about half of all human-caused greenhouse gases, taking place on one-third of the available, non-frozen land on Earth. All to feed people's appetites for 300 million tons of meat a year.
Modern Meadow is a Missouri-based startup that engineers tissues to create lab-grown edible meat, in a process that eliminates many of the negative environment effects associated with traditional livestock practices.
The company claims that by carefully layering mixtures of cells of different types in a specific structure, in-vitro meat production becomes feasible. It’s set a short-term goal of printing a sliver of meat around two centimeters by one centimeter, and less than half a millimeter thick, which is edible.
The company explains in a submission to the United States Department of Agriculture: “The technology has several advantages in comparison to earlier attempts to engineer meat in vitro. The bio-ink particles can be reproducibly prepared with mixtures of cells of different type. Printing ensures consistent shape, while post-printing structure formation and maturation in the bioreactor facilitates conditioning.”
However, it admits that the road ahead is strewn with difficulties. “The consumer acceptance of such products may not be without challenges. We expect it will first appeal to culinary early-adopter consumers and the segment of the vegetarian community that rejects meat for ethical reasons. With reduction in price, it can reach the masses with religious restrictions on meat consumption (people restricted to Hindu, Kosher, Halal diets) and finally populations with limited access to safe meat production.”
Whatever the final outcome, lab-grown edible meat is no longer in the realm of science fiction. It is coming.
1. Animal farming is responsible for the occurrence of greenhouse gases.{T; F}
2. Modern Meadow is a newly-started business which aims to make profits by producing lab-grown edible meat.{T; F}
3. The method Modern Meadow adopted to produce in-virto meat is by layering mixtures of cells of different types in a specific structure.{T; F}
4. There is no meat engineered outside living bodies before.{T; F}
5. This lab-grown meat has already widely received by the masses.{T; F}
The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover, the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production efficiency had also helped lay the groundwork for a strong expansion. In addition, the economic policy moves made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Final]y, of course, the economy was able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway existed in terms of idle men and machines.
The United States balance of payments deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large, and there was actually a substantial deterioration in our trade account to a sizable deficit, almost two-thirds of which was with Japan. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the Japanese component of our trade deficit, however, the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the corrective measures undertaken by Japan. Also important will be our own efforts in the United States to fashion internal policies consistent with an improvement in our external balance.
The underlying task of public policy for the year ahead--and indeed for the longer run--remained a familiar one: to strike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth, and with the currency crisis highlighting the need to improve our competitive posture internationally, the emphasis seemed to be shifting to the problem of inflation. The Phase Three Program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large; however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy's larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.
The author mentions increased installment debt in the first paragraph in order to show ______.
A.the continuing expansion of the economy
B.the growth of consumer purchasing power
C.the consumers' confidence in the economy
D.the soaring consumer incomes for spending
The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover, the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production efficiency had also helped lay the groundwork for a strong expansion. In addition, the economic policy moves made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Final]y, of course, the economy was able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway existed in terms of idle men and machines.
The United States balance of payments deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large, and there was actually a substantial deterioration in our trade account to a sizable deficit, almost two-thirds of which was with Japan. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the Japanese component of our trade deficit, however, the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the corrective measures undertaken by Japan. Also important will be our own efforts in the United States to fashion internal policies consistent with an improvement in our external balance.
The underlying task of public policy for the year ahead--and indeed for the longer run--remained a familiar one: to strike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth, and with the currency crisis highlighting the need to improve our competitive posture internationally, the emphasis seemed to be shifting to the problem of inflation. The Phase Three Program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large; however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy's larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.
The author mentions increased installment debt in the first paragraph in order to show ______.
A.the continuing expansion of the economy
B.the growth of consumer purchasing power
C.the consumers' confidence in the economy
D.the soaring consumer incomes for spending
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