题目内容
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Humans can easily _______ the emotional expressions of chimpanzees.
A) cooperate with
B) identify with
C) meet with
D) gowith
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This virus can not
A．sicken humans
B．infected birds
C．develop into a global epidemic
D．transmit easily from one human to another
A hundred years ago, pioneer psychologist William James declared that humans use only a
【21】______ part of their potential. All too many of tasks are 【22】______ or tedious. Then the 【23】______ operates almost on idle. The result can be 【24】______ mistakes or dragged-out drudgery because we can't get with it. The perfect state of flow, Csikszentmihalyi explains, 【25】______ l when our skills exactly measure up to the challenges 【26】______ us. 【27】______ ,says Csikszentmihalyi, the way to get a dull but 【28】______ job done easily is to make it harder. Turn a boring task into a 【29】______ game, so than you 【30】______ all your potential. Invent rules, 【31】______ l goals, 【32】______ yourself against a clock. This increased challenge may be what 【33】______ you into your zone. I was once asked to write an 【34】______ to a 【35】______ l of articles on lawsuit. Words came slowly as I plugged away at a 【36】______ that didn't 【37】______ me. I made 【38】______ trips to the coffeepot. Then the magazine's art director phoned to say he'd created an eye-catching 【39】______ for the article. Could the first 【40】______ of the article begin with J？
【21】
A．tiny
B．secondary
C．minimal
D．minimum
【C1】______, more than 100,000 wildfires clear 4 million to 5 million acres of land in the U. S. every year. A wildfire moves at speeds of up to 23 kilometers an hour, consuming everything— trees, bushes, homes, even humans—in its【C2】______.
There are three conditions that need to be【C3】______in order for a wildfire to burn: fuel, oxygen, and a heat source. Fuel is any material【C4】______a fire that will burn quickly and easily, including trees, grasses, bushes, even homes. Air supplies the oxygen a fire【C5】______to burn. Heat sources help spark the wildfire and bring fuel to【C6】______hot enough to start burning. Lightning, burning campfires or cigarettes, hot winds, and even the sun can all provide【C7】______heat to spark a wildfire.
【C8】______often harmful and destructive to humans, naturally occurring wildfires play a positive role in nature. They【C9】______nutrients to the soil by burning dead or decaying matter. They remove diseased plants and harmful insects from a forest ecosystem (生态系统 ). And by burning【C10】______thick trees and bushes, wildfires allow sunlight to reach the forest floor, enabling a new generation of young plants to grow.
【C1】
A．After all
B．Above all
C．In sum
D．On average
【C1】______, more than 100,000 wildfires clear 4 million to 5 million acres of land in the U. S. every year. A wildfire moves at speeds of up to 23 kilometers an hour, consuming everything— trees, bushes, homes, even humans—in its【C2】______.
There are three conditions that need to be【C3】______in order for a wildfire to burn: fuel, oxygen, and a heat source. Fuel is any material【C4】______a fire that will burn quickly and easily, including trees, grasses, bushes, even homes. Air supplies the oxygen a fire【C5】______to burn. Heat sources help spark the wildfire and bring fuel to【C6】______hot enough to start burning. Lightning, burning campfires or cigarettes, hot winds, and even the sun can all provide【C7】______heat to spark a wildfire.
【C8】______often harmful and destructive to humans, naturally occurring wildfires play a positive role in nature. They【C9】______nutrients to the soil by burning dead or decaying matter. They remove diseased plants and harmful insects from a forest ecosystem (生态系统 ). And by burning【C10】______thick trees and bushes, wildfires allow sunlight to reach the forest floor, enabling a new generation of young plants to grow.
【C1】
A．After all
B．Above all
C．In sum
D．On average
We who take sight for granted can draw pictures of scent, but we have no language for doing it the other way about, no way to represent something visually familiar by means of actual scent. Most humans cannot know, with their limited noses, what they can imagine about being deaf, blind, mute, or paralyzed. The sighted can, for example, speak if a blind person a "in the darkness," but there is no corollary expression for what it is that we are in relationship to scent. If we tried to coin words, we might come up with something like "scent-blind." But what would it mean？ It couldn't have the sort of meaning that "color-blind" and "tone-deaf' do, because most of us have experienced what "tone" and "color" mean in those expressions "scent-blind." Scent for many of us can be only a theoretical, technical expression that we use because our grammar requires that we have a noun to go in the sentences we are prompted to utter about animals' tracking. We don't have a sense of scent. What we do have is a sense of smell-for Thanksgiving dinner and skunks and a number of things we call chemicals.
So if Fido and sitting on the terrace, admiring the view, we inhabit worlds with radically different principles of phenomenology. Say that the wind is to our backs. Our world lies all before us, within a 180 degree angle. The dog's-well, we don't know, do we？
He sees roughly the same things that I see but he believes the scents of the garden behind us. He marks the path of the black-and-white cat as she moves among the roses in search of the bits of chicken sandwich I let fall as I walked from the house to our picnic spot. T can show that Fido is alert to the kitty, but not how, for my picture-making modes of thought too easily supply falsifyingly literal representations of the cat and the garden and their modes of being hidden from or revealed to me.
The phrase "other senses are largely ancillary" (paragraph 1) is used by the author to suggest that______.
A．only those events experienced directly can be appreciated by the senses
B．for many human beings the senses of sights is the primary means of knowing about the world
C．smell is in many respects a more powerful sense than sight
D．people rely on at least one of their other senses in order to confirm what they see
Deserts spread for different reasons. Sometimes nature causes this problem. Wind can move sand away from deserts and onto useful land. When there is no rain for a long time many plants can die. However, humans can also cause deserts to grow. This is called desertification. This happens in many ways. [34] One way is when people cause top much air pollution, which can make an area hotter: Hotter weather can reduce the amount of rain. Also, too many people in one area can damage the land. Especially if they have many animals, their animals can also harm the land. When large animals like cows walk on soil too much, they turn it into dust. The wind easily blows this dust away. Trees help hold water in the ground. When people cut down too many trees, the water goes away and the soil is ruined. Plants may stop growing in these places. All of these things can speed up desertification. To stop deserts from growing, people must think of ways to treat the land better.
(30)
A．They convert farmland into wetland.
B．They reduce the amount of rain.
C．They force people to leave their homes.
D．They spread in an uncontrollable speed.
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
【M1】
The phrase "offering a 'brief window of time' for humans to easily cross the sea"(5th paragraph) is closest in meaning to
A．providing a panoramic view of the sea and an easier way to cross it.
B．Only a small window zone of the sea as little as 2. 5 miles wide could be crossed.
C．The descending supplied a temporary opportunity to cross the sea easily.
D．The sea was as narrow as a window so that people could cross it without effort.
Green Gene Technology
For the past 10,000 years humans have influenced the plants they use at first unknowingly, later by design. Today's crops have been created by a process of selection and classical breeding. More specific improvements in breeding will be possible in future.
Science has cracked the genetic information code. Green gene technology is an effective tool in crop breeding, enabling us to develop new crops even more rapidly and specifically. We can make them more efficient, optimizing their contents and valuable substances to suit the wishes and requirements of customers and the processing industry. Their metabolism can be individually modified, making them produce starch, protein and fats with special properties. Through gene transfer plants can be made more resistant to viruses, bacteria, harmful fungi and insect pests.
Genetically modified plants can be cultivated to possess improved stress behavior, with the result that they absorb water better in dry locations and can make more efficient use of soil nutrients. We can also optimize weed control. To do so, we make crops tolerant to environmentally sound and easily degradable herbicides. This is not as simple as it sounds. But we have been successful: Innovator has been on the Canadian market since 1995. This is the first oilseed rape variety to contain the glufosinate tolerance gene, facilitating the use of AgrEvo's broad-spectrurn herbicide liberty.
We are committed to green gene technology, with which we aim to make crop breeding even more efficient and environmentally friendly. Before being brought on to the market these genetically modified plants are researched and tested for years until the questions posed regarding their safety have been answered. This is a great opportunity for us to realize our vision: the use of faster methods to breed varieties which will continue to provide us with sufficient food and raw materials in future. Our fossil reserves will soon be exhausted. Experts estimate that we only have enough oil for another 43 years and natural gas for less than 60.
This means we must rethink and act accordingly, using new crop varieties to step up the move to replenishable sources of raw materials and energy. In other words, green gene technology is the key technology for sustainable agriculture.
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