BONA FIDE is to genuine as DE FACTO is to ______.A.togetherB.actualC.reasonD.assumed
BONA FIDE is to genuine as DE FACTO is to ______.
A.together
B.actual
C.reason
D.assumed
BONA FIDE is to genuine as DE FACTO is to ______.
A.together
B.actual
C.reason
D.assumed
真实职业资格(bona fide occupational qualification,BFOQ)
真实职业资格(bona fide oceupational qualification,BFOQ)
A、Subject/sample invoice
B、Enclosed/bona fide holders
C、Applied/entrustment
D、Attached/proforma invoice
The consignee(or shipper)or his agent shall,at the time of handing in an import(or export) application,produce simultaneously a bona fide invoice enumerated with such items as price,freight,insurance premiums and other expenses incurred for the goods fwith manufacturer’S invoice attached,if any),packing lists and other relevant papers. The above—mentioned invoice and papers shall be certified true and correct by consignee(or shipper)or his agent.
请将以下国际法专业文献中的术语与段落翻译为中文。(上海交大2006年研) The nominated bank which negotiates the draft(s)and/or documents presented by the benefi-ciary or bona fide holder is known as negotiating bank.When the bank negotiates the draft(s)and/or documents,that is,the negotiat
This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor's judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real "consumer". As a consequence, the medical staff represents the "power centre" in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.
Although usually, there are in this situation four identifiable participants--the physician, the hospital, the patient and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government) -- the physician makes the essential decision for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physician, the payer generally meets most of the bona fide bills generated by the physician/ hospital, and for the most part, the patient plays a passive role. In routine or minor illensses, or just plain worries, the patient's options are, of course, much greater with respect to use and price. But in illnesses that are of some significance, such choice tends to evaporate. And it is for these illnesses that the bulk of the health care dollar is spent. We estimate that about 75 --80 percent of health care expenditures are determined by physicians. For this reason, economy measures directed at patients or the general public are relatively ineffective.
In this passage, the author's primary purpose is to ______.
A.criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patient
B.analyze some important economic factors in health care
C.urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authority
D.inform. potential patients of their health care rights
This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged.The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor' s judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real "consumer. "As a consequence, the medical staff represents the "power center" in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.
Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants, the physician, the hospital, the patient and the payer(generally an insurance carrier or government), the physician makes the essential decision for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physicians; the payer generally meets most of the bona fide bills generated by the physician/hospital and for the most part, the patient's plays a passive role. In routine or minor illness or just plain worries, the patient's options are of course, much greater with respect to use and price. But in illnesses that are of some significance, such choice tends to evaporate. And it is for these illnesses that the bulk of the health care dollar is spent. We estimate that about 75 N 80 percent of health care expenditures are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, economy measures directed at patients or the general public are relatively ineffective.
The author's primary purpose is______。
A.to criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patients
B.to analyze some important economic factors in health care
C.to urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authority
D.to inform. potential patients of their health care rights
第三篇
In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducements of price, quality and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. In the health care industry, however, the doctor-patient relation- ship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician, the physician usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return "nest Wednesday" whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc.
This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor' s judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eyes of the hospital it is the physician who is the real "consumer. "As a consequence, the medical staff represents the "power center" in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.
Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants, the physician, the hospital, the patient and the payer(generally an insurance carrier or government), the physician makes the essential decision for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physicians; the payer generally meets most of the bona fide bills generated by the physician/hospital and for the most part, the patient's plays a passive role. In routine or minor illness or just plain worries, the patient's options are of course, much greater with respect to use and price. But in illnesses that are of some significance, such choice tends to evaporate. And it is for these illnesses that the bulk of the health care dollar is spent. We estimate that about 75 N 80 percent of health care expenditures are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, economy measures directed at patients or the general public are relatively ineffective.
The author's primary purpose is______。
A. to criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patients
B. to analyze some important economic factors in health care
C. to urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authority
D. to inform. potential patients of their health care rights
The new work, performed in South Korea, represents "a major advance in stem cell research. It could help spur a medical revolution as important as antibiotics and vaccines", says Robert Lanza of Advanced Cell Technology (ACT), a company in Worcester, Mass., that's also investigating the promising stem cell strategy called therapeutic cloning.
"However, now that the methodology is publicly available", Lanza adds, "I think it is absolutely imperative that we pass laws worldwide to prevent the technology from being abused for reproductive-cloning purposes".
While some fertility doctors and a religious cult have claimed success at creating a pregnancy via cloning, they've offered no convincing proof. In contrast, the South Korean research is being reported at the meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Seattle and will appear in an upcoming Science. "This is reality", says stem cell researcher John Gearhart of Johns Hopkins University. "Here is a bona fide, refereed journal saying that a human embryo has been cloned and a cell line derived from it".
Although ACT has not yet published a report of a cloned human blastocyst, Lanza says that the South Korean success is "consistent with our own results". Therapeutic cloning appeals to Lanza and physicians because cells made this way could have the same DNA as a patient's cells do and thus avoid rejection after they're transplanted.
Seeking a compromise that would permit this strategy to be pursued, many scientists have called for legislation that would ban cloning to produce a baby but allow the creation of cloned embryos to generate stem cells for research or therapies. "The debate has been very polarized", notes bio-ethicist Laurie Zoloth of Northwestern University in Evanston.
According to the text, stem cells are hard to obtain because _____.
A.human embryos are very short-lived outside a human body.
B.human embryos are extremely hard to be cloned.
C.human genetic identity is difficult to be defined.
D.human cloning is strongly opposed by some researchers.
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