题目内容（请给出正确答案）

[主观题]

Many IQ tests show that there are no significant differences in the mean, or average score

s of IQ tests between men and women. When a new IQ test, is being constructed, it is quite easy to find test(51)that are not answered correctly(52)the same proportions of men and women,(53)these are usually then eliminated from the test. So, to some(54)the fact that no differences are to be found in our current IQ tests between the(55)for the two sexes is hardly surprising.

There are,(56), differences in the standard deviations(偏差)or variability of the(57) of the two sexes in many IQ tests,(58)men showing the greater variation. The(59)of many IQ test scores are such(60)they approximate to the normal curve(正规曲线). If we regard some arbitrary lower score on a test as a classification like "educational subnormal(智力上逊常的人)" (ESN) and some equally arbitrary(61)score as "gifted", we then find that there is higher ratio of ESN males to women and likewise we(62)that there are more gifted men than women, even though the average scores are the same.

The(63)of men and women are known to differ somewhat in size, with women having about 200g less tissue(64)the other hand, they also tend to(65)less body mass, and over the phylogenetic(系统发育的)scale, the best index of species intelligence is the ratio of body mass to brain size.

A．studies

B．numbers

C．scores

D．items

提问人：网友greenfirefly 发布时间：2022-01-06

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更多“Many IQ tests show that there …”相关的问题

第1题

请根据短文内容，回答题。 Approaches to Understanding IntelligencesIt bays to be smart, but

请根据短文内容，回答题。

Approaches to Understanding Intelligences

It bays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way. You may be a talented musician,but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different. Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities. Psychologists have two different views on intelligence. Some believe there is one general intelligence. Others believe there are many different intelligences.＜br＞

Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests.＜br＞

These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests. They do well on tests using words,numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests. Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.＜br＞

Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence. The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving. The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction. Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain.＜br＞

Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children. He believes that all children are different and shouldn&39;t be tested by one intelligence test. Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesn&39;t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling. He think that the human mind has different intelligences. These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life. Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences. Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.＜br＞

Gardner says that his theory is based on biology. For example, when one part of the Brain is injured, other parts of the brain still work. People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing. So, there is not just one intelligence to lose. Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence: linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic (身体动觉的) , and naturalistic.

What is the main idea of this passage？查看材料

A.How to understand intelligence

B.The importance of intelligence

C.The development of intelligence tests

D.How to become intelligent

点击查看答案

第2题

请根据短文内容，回答题。

Approaches to Understanding Intelligences

It pays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way. You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different. Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities. Psychologists have two different views on intelligence. Some believe there is one general intelligence. Others believe there are many different intelligences.

Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests.

These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests. They do well on tests using words, numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests. Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.

Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence. The brain of intelligent people use less energy during problem solving. The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction. Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain.

Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children. He believes that all children are different and shouldn&39;t be tested by one intelligence test. Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesn&39;t think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling. He thinks that the human mind has different intelligences.

These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life. Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences. Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.

Gardner says that his theory is based on biology. For example, when one .part of the brain is injured, other parts of the brain still work. People who cannot talk because of brain damage can still sing. So, there is not just one intelligence to lose. Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence: linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的), and naturalistic.

What is the main idea of this passage？查看材料

A.How to understand intelligence

B.The importance of intelligence

C.The development of intelligence tests

D.How to become intelligent

点击查看答案

第3题

Even their parents struggle to draw the tiniest hint of emotion or social connection from

autistic(患孤独症的) children, so imagine what happens when a stranger sits with the child for hours to get through the standard IQ test. For 10 of the test's 12 sections, the child must listen and respond to spoken questions. Since for many autistics it is torture to try to engage with someone even on this impersonal level, it's no wonder so many wind up with IQ scores just above a carrot's. More precisely, fully three quarters of autistics are classified as having below-normal intelligence, with many deemed mentally retarded.

Researchers have tried a different IQ test, one that requires no social interaction. As they report in the journal Psychological Science, autistic children's scores came out starkly different than on the oral, interactive IQ test—suggesting a burning intelligence inside these kids that educators are failing to uncover.

For the study, children took two IQ tests. In the more widely used Wechsler, they tried to arrange and complete pictures, do simple arithmetic, demonstrate vocabulary comprehension and answer questions—almost all in response to a stranger's questions. In the Raven's Progressive Matrices test, they got brief instructions, then went off on their own to analyze three-by-three arrays of geometric designs, with one missing, and choose the design that belonged in the empty place. The disparity in scores was striking. Overall, the autistics scored around the 30th percentile on the Wechsler, which corresponds to "low average" IQ. But they averaged in the 56th percentile on the Raven's. not a single autistic child scored in the "high intelligence" range on the Wechsler; on the Raven's, one third did. Healthy children showed no such disparity.

That presents a puzzle. If many autistics are more intelligent than an IQ test shows, why haven't their parents noticed？ Partly because many parents welcome a low score, which brings their child more special services from schools and public agencies. But another force is at work. "We often think of intelligence as what you can show, such as by speaking fluently", says a psychologist. "Parents as well as professionals might be biased to look at that" rather than dig for the hidden intellectual spark.

The challenge is to coax that spark into the kind of intelligence that manifests itself in practice. That is something autism researchers are far from doing. Many experts dismiss autistics' exceptional reading, artistic or other abilities as side effects of abnormal brain function. They advise parents to steer their child away from what he excels at and obsesses over, and toward what he struggles with. It makes you wonder how many other children, whose intellectual potential we're too blind to see, we've also given up on.

Autistic children always get lower scores in IQ tests than other children because ______

A．they are retarded due to lack of communication.

B．the test methods require too may interactions.

C．their intelligence level is lower than other children.

D．they cannot understand the instructions of strangers.

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第4题

听力原文：Brigid: Why is it that some children perform. much better than others at school？K

听力原文：Brigid: Why is it that some children perform. much better than others at school？

Kellerman: Obviously, certain children are brighter than others, but it’s not as simple as that. A lot of emphasis is placed on intelligence measured by tests.

Brigid: The so-called IQ tests？

Kellerman: Yes, Basically they are intended to test linguistic and numerical skills, so some children are bound to suffer. This is very unfortunate. A child with an average IQ may turn out to be successful when he grows up.

Brigid: What you' re saying is that some children have abilities that are not easy to measure, that aren’t appreciated.

Kellerman: Precisely. And if these skills are not spotted sufficiently early, they cannot be developed. That’s why, in my view, there are so many unhappy adults in this world. They are not doing the things they are best at.

Brigid: I see.

Kellennan: But at school, only those children who are good with words and numbers can do well in school examinations.

Brigid: Right. Is there anything a parent can do to help in this case？

Kellerman: Yes. In my opinion, a child should be judged on his individual talents. After all, being happy in life is put ting your skills to good use, no matter what they are.

What is the basic purpose of IQ tests？

A．They are designed to measure children's intelligence.

B．They are intended to test linguistic and numerical skills.

C．They are designed to test why some children perform. better at school.

D．They are intended to find out why some children are not appreciated.

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第5题

Computer brain games may not offer the big mental boost many were hoping for, suggests new

research, but brain scientists and brain-game experts don't all agree on the findings.

The study, out this week in Nature, is the largest of its kind, say scientists from England's Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit and the Alzheimer's Society, UK. They said in a Tuesday press briefing that brain-training games, used by millions, may not increase general brain power on other tasks or increase IQ "Participants did get better at games they practiced. The more they trained, the better they got. But there was still no translation to any general improvement in cognitive function," said lead author Adrian Owen, assistant director of Medical Research Council.

The online experiment was sponsored by the BBC and involved more than 11 000 people between the ages of 18 and 60. They were split into three groups, including two groups that played different brain-training games that are similar to commercially available games, and a control group that was asked to go online and find answers to questions about topics such as music. Participants trained for at least 10 minutes a day, three times a week, for up to six weeks, Owen said. All took standard cognitive assessment tests at the start and finish of the study. While players increased their skills the more they played a specific game, that improvement didn't transfer to other activities or to a higher score on intelligence tests, said Owen and colleagues.

Duke psychiatrist and Alzheimer's expert Murali Doraiswamy said it's the best study done to date and a good reality check. "There was so much hype surrounding brain games," he said. But it's not a death knell for gaming, Doraiswamy said. "I still think brain games offer tremendous potential for helping people with conditions such as ADHD and learning disabilities, but this study puts the burden of proof now on game manufacturers to show that they really offer meaningful benefits. "

Study shortcomings include the fact that it didn't focus on the aging population, a group targeted by brain-game makers, experts said. And it did not look at benefits of more intense training, said Alvaro Fernandez, CEO and cofounder of Sharp Brains, a San Francisco market research firm that specializes in cognitive science. "This study shows random brain exercise doesn't transfer, but it does not deny that transfer can work if a person engages in more intense and targeted brain-training," Fernandez said.

According to Adrian Owen, the function of brain-training games is that ______.

A．they can make general brain powerful

B．they may offer the big mental boost

C．they can transfer to improvement in cognitive function

D．they have nothing to do with improving cognitive function

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第6题

Section AYou’d imagine that asking people to rate themselves on a ten point scale in respo

Section A

You’d imagine that asking people to rate themselves on a ten point scale in response to the question "In general, how happy or unhappy do you usually feel？" would only lead to wild inaccuracies.【46】But when scientists compare such basic measures to a full-blown psychological assessment, the results are fairly consistent. It would seem we' re rather good judges of our happiness, and this fact has allowed the use of simple questionnaires and interviews to survey more than a 'million people across many nations.

【47】It’s also quite clear that happiness isn’t just some whimsical concept dreamt up in the 1960s by the hippies and advertising agencies. Richard Davidson at Wisconsin University monitored electrical activity in the brain to show how a highly attractive photograph causes a particular portion of our left hemisphere to illuminate, while a horrific photo stimulates our right side. Indeed, people prone in general to more of this left-portion activity tend to score higher on all counts of good mood, whereas right-siders are decidedly gloomy. The same is true for new-born babies.

【48】What’s more, it seems likely that around 50 per cent of our characteristic level of happiness is an inherited factor. This can be estimated because in 1996, Lykken and Tellegen at Minnesota University compared 663 pairs of identical twins. A further 69 pairs were identical twins who had been reared apart, yet these twins still showed at least a 50 per cent similarity in their self-reported happiness, a far higher percentage than the non-identical twins. Strong evidence indeed that we probably have a genetically predetermined set range. But we should remind ourselves that, as in all aspects of biological inheritance, our genetic potential needs the right environment if it is to unfurl in accordance with our DNA blueprints. So learning to live regularly in the upper end of your happiness set-range is where skill and know-how can pay dividends. How well you play the hand you' re dealt could account for a great deal.

And there are other reasons to feel we have everything to play for. For instance, the surveys show that no stage of life is inherently any happier than another, despite everything our parents told us about our school and college days. If anything, life feels better as you get older.【49】Moreover , intelligence as measured by IQ tests is a very poor predictor of life success or happiness. And there’s little if any difference between male and female average self-ratings, though women are more prone to intense swings. The bottom line is, life feeling good pays no heed to age, IQ or gender. It’s open to all-comers.

Trouble is, we don’t always know how to generate wholesome, renewable happiness, and sometimes our default response is to reach for the quick-fix, in one form. or another.【50】Yet, we shouldn’t forget that feeling miserable is most often a healthy response, simply nature’s way of telling us to make important improvements. So here’s our chance to cultivate home-grown, evergreen , deeply rooted happiness, without the hangovers.

(46)

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第7题

Will it matter if you don' t take your breakfast？ Recently a test was given in the United

States. Those tests included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention in class. Contrary to what many people believe, if you don't eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.

The results of the test show that______.

A．breakfast has great effect on work and studies

B．breakfast has much to do with people's health

C．a person will work better if he has simple breakfast

D．breakfast only affects those who work with their brains

点击查看答案

第8题

Middle-class teenagers are less intelligent than a generation ago due to the dumbing down

of youth culture and school tests, a new study suggests. IQ tests show that scores for the average 14- year-old have dropped by more than two points between 1980 and 2008. For those in the upper half of the intelligence scale--a group typically dominated by the children of middle-class families-- average IQ scores were six points down on 28 years ago. It is the first time IQ scores have fallen for any age group during the past century.

Leisure time is increasingly taken up with playing computer games and watching TV instead of reading and holding conversations. Education experts said a growing tendency in schools to "teach to the test" was affecting youngsters' ability to think laterally. Other studies have shown how pervasive teenage youth culture is, and what we see is parents' influence on IQ slowly diminishing with age. Previous studies have claimed that using text messages and email can temporarily reduce IQ by causing concentration to drop, while smoking marijuana has also been linked with a decline in IQ.

点击查看答案

第9题

Will it matter ff you don't take your breakfast？ Recently a test was given in the United S

tates. Those tests included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were setup to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention in class. Contrary to what many people believe, if you don't eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.

The results of the test show that______.

A．breakfast has great effect on work and studies

B．breakfast has much to do with people's health

C．a person will work better if he has simple breakfast

D．breakfast only affects those who work with their brains

点击查看答案

第10题

BWill it matter if you don' t take your breakfast？ Recently a test was given in the United

B

Will it matter if you don' t take your breakfast？ Recently a test was given in the United States. Those tests included people of different ages, from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see how well their bodies worked when they had eaten a certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect than if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person works with his brains. If a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with more attention in class. Contrary to what many people believe, if you don't eat breakfast, you will not lose weight. This is because people become so hungry at noon that they eat too much for lunch, and end up gaining weight instead of losing. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other meals.

The results of the test show that______.

[A] breakfast has great effect on work and studies

[B] breakfast has much to do with people's health

[C] a person will work better if he has simple breakfast

[D] breakfast only affects those who work with their brains

点击查看答案

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