题目内容
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The asocial personality of Americans may stem from ______.
A．the absence of a common religion and ancestry
B．the multiracial constituents of the US society
C．the want of a shared myths they possess in life
D．the counterbalance to narcissistic personality
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So in considering voluntary or paid community service there are more opportunities than there ever were when one first began work. Most voluntary organizations have only a small fulltime【4】, and depend very much on volunteers and part-timers. This means that working relationships are different from those in commercial organizations, and values may be different.【5】some ways they may seem more casual and less efficient, but one should not judge them by commercial criteria. The people who work with them do so for different reasons and with different【6】, both personal and organizational. One should not join them【7】to arm them with professional expertise; they must be joined with commitment to the cause, not business efficiency. Because salaries are small or non-existent. Many voluntary bodies offer modest expenses. But many retired people take part in community service for【8】, simply because they enjoy the work.
Many community activities possible【9】retirement were also possible during one's working life but they are to be undertaken no less seriously for that. Retired people who are just looking for something different or unusual to do should not consider【10】community service.
(11)
A．oversea
B．over sea
C．over seas
D．overseas
The asocial personality of Americans results from_____ .
A．the multiracial constituents of the US society
B．the absence of a common religion and ancestry
C．the want of shared myths they possess in life
D．the obstruction of achieving a general agreement
Part A
Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)
What our society suffers from most today is the absence of consensus about what it and life in it ought to be; such consensus cannot be gained from society's present stage, or from fantasies about what it ought to be. For that the present is too close and too diversified, and the future too uncertain, to make believable claims about it. A consensus in the present hence can be achieved only through a shared understanding of the past, as Homer's epics informed those who lived centuries later what it meant to be Greek, and by what images and ideals they were to live their lives and organize their societies.
Most societies derive consensus from a long history, a language all their own, a common religion, common ancestry. The myths by which they live are based on all of these. But the United States is a country of immigrants, coming from a great variety of nations. Lately, it has been emphasized that an asocial, narcissistic personality has become characteristic of Americans, and that it is this type of personality that makes for the lack of well-being, because it prevents us from achieving consensus that would counteract a tendency to withdraw into private worlds. In this study of narcissism, Christopher Lash says that modern man, "tortured by self-consciousness, turns to new therapies not to free himself of his personal worries but to find meaning and purpose in life, to find something to live for". There is widespread distress because national morale has declined, and we have lost an earlier sense of national vision and purpose.
Contrary to rigid religions or political beliefs, as are found in totalitarian societies, our culture is one of the great individual differences, at least in principle and in theory; but this leads to disunity, even chaos. Americans believe in the value of diversity, but just because ours is a society based on individual diversity, it needs consensus about some dominating ideas more than societies based on uniform. origin of their citizens. Hence, if we are to have consensus, it must be based on a myth—a vision about a common experience, a conquest that made us Americans, as the myth about the conquest of Troy formed the Greeks. Only a common myth can offer relief from the fear that life is without meaning or purpose. Myths permit us to examine our place in the world by comparing it to a shared idea. Myths are shared fantasies that form. the tie that binds the individual to other members of his group. Such myths help to ward off feelings of isolations, guilt, anxiety, and purposelessness—in short, they combat isolation and the breakdown of social standards and values.
This text is mainly intended to ______.
A．explore certain ways of making for a consensus.
B．spotlight the role of myths in binding a community.
C．interpret the meaning and purpose of modern life.
D．reverse the decline of social standards and values.
Most societies derive consensus from a long history, a language all their own, a common religion, common ancestry. The myths by which they live are based on all of these. But the United States is a country of immigrants, coming from a great variety of nations. Lately, it has been emphasized that an asocial, narcissistic personality has become characteristic of Americans, and that it is this type of personality that makes for the lack of well-being, because it prevents us from achieving consensus would counteract a tendency to withdraw into private worlds. In this study of narcissism, Christopher Lasch says that modern man, "tortured by self-consciousness, turns to new therapies not to free himself of his personal worries but to find meaning and purpose in life, to find something to live for". There is widespread distress because national morale has declined, and we have lost an earlier sense of national vision and purpose.
Contrary to rigid religions or political beliefs, as are found in totalitarian societies, our culture is one of the great individual differences, at least in principle and in theory. But this leads to disunity, even chaos. Americans believe in the value of diversity, but just because ours is a society based on individual diversity. It needs consensus about some dominating ideas more than societies based on uniform. origin of their citizens. Hence, if we are to have consensus, it must be based on a myth—a vision about a common experience, a conquest that made us Americans, as the myth about the conquest of Troy formed the Greeks. Only a common myth can offer relief from the fear that life is without meaning or purpose. Myths permit us to examine our place in the world by comparing it to a shared idea. Myths are shared fantasies that form. the tie that binds the individual to other members of his group. Such myths help to ward off feelings of isolations, guilt, anxiety, and purposelessness—in short, they combat isolation and the breakdown of social standards and values.
In the author's view, the greatest trouble with the US society lies in the______.
A．lack of serious disagreement over the organizations of social life
B．non-existence of unanimity on the forms the society should take
C．general denying of its conformity with what it was unexpected to be
D．public negation of the consensus on how to conduct social reforms
【M1】
A．Establish personal contracts.
B．Further personal contacts.
C．Investigate personal contracts.
D．Sell medical facilities.
It is ______ to ask such a personal question. (polite)
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