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[主观题]

A common assumption about the private sector of education is that it caters only to the el

ite. 【C1】______ , recent research points in the opposite direction. If we want to help some of most【C2】______ group in society, then encouraging deeper private sector【C3】______ is likely to be the best way forward.

Several developments are【C4】______ in India, all of which involve the private education sector meeting the needs of the poor in distinct ways. But India is not【C5】______ in this respect—similar phenomena are happening all over the developing world.

As a point of【C6】______ how do government schools serve the poor？ Usefully, the government sponsored Public Report on Basic Education in India from 1999 paints a very【C7】______ picture of the "【C8】______ "of the government schools for the poor. When researchers【C9】______ unannounced on their random【C10】______ of the schools, only 53% had any "teaching activity" going on. Alarmingly, the team noted that the【C11】______ of teaching standards has nothing to do【C12】______ disempowered teachers, but instead could be【C13】______ "plain negligence". They noted "several cases of irresponsible teachers keeping a school closed for months at a time".

But is there any【C14】______ to these schools？ Surely no one else can do better than government【C15】______ the resources available？ As it happens, the Report pointed to private schools that were serving the poor and【C16】______ that such problems were not found in these schools. Most parents believed that private schools were successful【C17】______ they were more accountable: "the teachers are accountable to the manager who can fire them, and,【C18】______ him or her, to the parents who can【C19】______ their children." Such accountability was not present in the government schools, and "this contrast is【C20】______ with crystal clarity by vast majority of parents.

【C1】

A．In addition

B．On the contrary

C．In effect

D．In general

提问人：网友zhang26262 发布时间：2022-01-07

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更多“A common assumption about the …”相关的问题

第1题

Which of t11e following is a common assumption about the forests in North America during t

he colonial period？

A．Their economic value was little known．

B．They contained only a few types of trees．

C．They covered almost the entire continent．

D．They existed only along the Atlantic seaboard．

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第2题

82Management styles associated with production environments, such as assembly lines common

82 Management styles associated with production environments, such as assembly lines commonly include:

A. a directing style. of leadership.

B. a lack of confidence in their workers

C. assumption that workers lack ambition and dislike responsibility

D. a Theory X style. of leadership

E. All of the above.

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第3题

It can be inferred from the passage that dual-aspect theory relies on what key assumption

concerning the "transcendent intelligence" to establish the connection between mental and physical occurrences？

A．The intelligence is omniscient with regard to mental and physical occurrences, envisioning all acts of causation in advance.

B．The intelligence transcends consciousness and extension, but not other categories of substance.

C．Only infinite substances can establish a unity of finite substances, whether that of a mental or physical nature.

D．The intelligence exists in a state of invariable consistency, allowing the synthesis of different metaphysical categories.

E．The intelligence is the only means of establishing a common category between distinct consciousnesses.

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第4题

It can be inferred from the passage that dual-aspect theory relies on what key assumption

concerning the "transcendent intelligence" to establish the connection between mental and physical occurrences？

A．The intelligence is omniscient with regard to mental and physical occurrences, envisioning all acts of causation in advance.

B．The intelligence transcends consciousness and extension, but not other categories of substance.

C．Only infinite substances can establish a unity of finite substances, whether that of a mental or physical nature.

D．The intelligence exists in a state of invariable consistency, allowing the synthesis of different metaphysical categories.

E．The intelligence is the only means of establishing a common category between distinct consciousnesses.

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第5题

In the 1960s, long-term studies of primate behavior. often used as subjects tamarins, smal

l monkeys that were thought ideal because they require only small cages, breed frequently, and grow quickly. Field studies were not used because they were costly and difficult. Tamarins were kept caged in male-female pairs, because otherwise, serious fights erupted between unrelated females. On the basis of the fact that breeding occurred, tamarins were viewed as monogamous. The view taken by the researchers concerning the monogamy of tamarins depended on a questionable assumption. Which of the following could have served as that assumption？

A．The suppression of fighting between related females serves to protect their common genetic inheritance.

B．Adult male tamarins contribute to the care of tamarin infants.

C．The social system of tamarins requires monogamous pairing.

D．Male taniann monkeys do not display aggressive behavior. in the wild.

E．The way the tamarins were kept in cages did not affect their mating behavior.

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第6题

Only three strategies are available for controlling cancer: prevention, screening and trea

tment. Lung cancer causes more deaths than any other types of cancer. A major cause of the disease is not 【21】______ known; there is no 【22】______ evidence that screening is much help; and treatment 【23】______ in about 90 percent of all cases. At present, therefore, the main strategy must be 【24】______ . This may not always be true, of course, as for some other types of cancer, research 【25】______ the past few decades has suggested some importance in prevention, screening or treatment. 【26】______ , however, we consider not what research may one day offer but what today’s knowledge could already deliver that is not being delivered, then the most practicable and cost-effective opportunities for 【27】______ premature death from cancer, especially lung cancer, probably involve neither screening nor improved treatment, 【28】______ prevention.

This conclusion does not depend on the unrealistic assumption that we can 【29】______ tobacco. It merely assumes that we can reduce cigarette sales appreciably by raising prices or by 【30】______ on the type of education that already appears to have a 【31】______ effect 【32】______ cigarette assumption by white-collar workers and that we can substantially reduce the amount of tar 【33】______ per cigarette.

The practicability of preventing cancer by such measures applies not only in those countries, such as, the United States of America, because cigarette smoking has been common for decades, 25 to 30 percent of all cancer deaths now involves lung cancer, but also in those where it has become 【34】______ only recently. China is a good example. Countries where cigarette smoking is only becoming widespread can expect enormous increase in lung cancer during the 1990’s or early in the next century, 【35】______ prompt effective action is taken 【36】______ the habit.

There are three reasons 【37】______ the prevention of lung cancer is of such overwhelming importance: first, the disease is extremely common, causing more deaths than any other type of cancer now 【38】______ ; secondly, it is generally incurable; and finally, 【39】______ tobacco consumption will also have a substantial 【40】______ on many other diseases.

【21】

A．publicly

B．hardly

C．widely

D．reliably

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第7题

Only three strategies are available for controlling cancer: prevention, screening and trea

tment. Lung cancer causes more deaths than any other types of cancer. A major cause of the disease is not【21】known; there is no good evidence that screening is much helpful, and treatment【22】in about 90 percent of all cases. At present, therefore, the main strategy must be【23】. This may not always be true, of course, as for some other types of cancer, research【24】the past few decades has produced (or suggested) some importance in prevention, screening or treatment.

【25】, however, we consider not what research may one day offer but what today's knowledge could already deliver that is not being delivered, then the most practicable and cost-effective opportunities for【26】. premature death from cancer, especially lung cancer, probably involve neither screening nor improved【27】, but prevention.

This conclusion does not depend on the unrealistic assumption that we can【28】tobacco. It merely assumes that we can reduce cigarette sales appreciably by raising prices or by【29】on the type of education that already appears to have a【30】effect on cigarette assumption by white-collar workers and that we can substantially reduce the amount of tar【31】per cigarette. The practicability of preventing cancer by such measures applies not only in those countries,【32】, the United States of America, because cigarette smoking has been common for decades, 25 to 30 percent of all cancer deaths now involves lung cancer, but also in those where it has become【33】only recently. In China, lung cancer【34】accounts for only 5 to 10 percent of all cancer deaths. This is because it may take as much as half a century【35】the rise in smoking to increase the incidence to lung cancer. Countries where cigarette smoking is only now becoming widespread can expect enormous increase in lung cancer during the 1990's or early in the next century,【36】prompt effective action is taken against the habit-indeed, such increase is already plainly evident in parts of the【37】.

There are four reasons why the prevention of lung cancer is of such overwhelming importance: First, the disease is extremely common, causing more deaths than any other type of cancer now【38】; Secondly, it is generally incurable; Thirdly, effective, practicable measures to reduce its incidence are already reliably known; and finally,【39】tobacco consumption will also have a substantial【40】on many other diseases.

(21)

A．hardly

B．never

C．less

D．reliably

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第8题

听力原文：There is a widespread assumption that work gets harder after 40. But in most orga

听力原文： There is a widespread assumption that work gets harder after 40. But in most organizations work gets dramatically easier after 40.

The responsibilities may be heavier, but after 40 you should be valued for your experience, know-how and judgment, rather than for the ability to work 18 hours every day. Most of the major rewards of success tend to accumulate after the age of 40—if you do the right things before that watershed birthday.

What are the right things？ First of all, do your homework; learn every thing you need to know about your business or profession before 40. Second, develop your own style. Before you're 40, learn what you're comfortable with, whether it's in the way you dress or simply the small touches that set you apart: Third, put your emotional life in order, if possible. It's a great help, when climbing toward the higher rungs of the career ladder, to be happy in life, rather than to find yourself mired in emotional crises. It's hard enough to succeed without taking on personal problems that sap your energy and divert your attention. Besides, unhappiness is like a disease—it gradually eclipses interest in everything else.

Fourth, know your weaknesses. Accept the things you don't do well, can't stand, won't do.

Fifth, know your strengths. You'd better decide what you're good at, too, and recognize the things you enjoy doing and do better than anyone else. Whatever your role, knowing who you are and what you're good at is critical for success.

31. What is the common opinion about age and work？

A．Work gets a lot easier after the age of 40.

B．Most of one's work is done before the age of 40.

C．There isn't much work to do after the age of 40.

D．Work gets more difficult after the age of 40.

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第9题

A scientist who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must st

udy consumer behavior. He must obtain 【C1】______ both on resources of consumers and on the motives that 【C2】______ to eencourage discourage money spending.

If an 【C3】______ were asked which of three groups borrow most--people with rising incomes, 【C4】______ incomes, or declining incomes--he would 【C5】______ answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the past, the answer was. people with rising incomes. People with declining incomes were next and .people with stable incomes borrowed the 【C6】______ . This shows us that traditional 【C7】______ about earning and spending are not always 【C8】______ . Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will 【C9】______ to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. 【C10】______ research surveys have shown that this is not always 【C11】______ . The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying. One 【C12】______ attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic at a time of rising prices. Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. 【C13】______ , the rise in prices that has already taken place may be resented and buyer's resistance may be evoked.

The 【C14】______ mentioned above was carried out in America. Investigations 【C15】______ at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more 【C16】______ traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most contributive to spending 【C17】______ to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are 【C18】______ , they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common 【C19】______ policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of 【C20】______ psychology.

【C1】

A．data

B．materials

C．money

D．things

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第10题

Despite their many differences of temperament and of literary perspective, Emerson, Thorea

u, Hawthorne, Melville, and Whitman share certain beliefs. Common to all these writers is their humanistic perspective. Its basic premises are that humans are the spiritual center of the universe and that in them alone is the clue to nature, history, and ultimately the cosmos itself. Without denying outright the existence either of a deity or of brute matter, this perspective nevertheless rejects them as exclusive principles of interpretation and prefers to explain humans and the world in terms of humanity itself. This preference is expressed most clearly in the transcendentalist principle that the structure of the universe literally duplicates the structure of the individual self. Therefore, all knowledge begins with self-knowledge.

This common perspective is almost always universalized. Its emphasis is not upon the individual as a particular European or American, but upon the human as universal, freed from the accidents of times, space, birth, and talent. Thus, for Emerson, the "American Scholar" turns out to be simply "Man Thinking". While, for Whitman, the "Song of Myself" merges imperceptibly into a song of all the "children of Adam" where "every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you".

Also common to all the five writers is the belief that individual virtue and happiness depend upon self-realization, which, in turn, depends upon the harmonious reconciliation of two universal psychological tendencies. First, the self-asserting impulse of the individual to withdraw, to remain unique and separate, and to be responsible only to himself or herself. Second, the self-transcending impulse of the individual to embrace the whole world in the experience of a single moment and to know and become one with that world. These conflicting impulses can be seen in the democratic ethic. Democracy advocates individualism, the preservation of the individual's freedom and self-expression. But the democratic self is torn between the duty to self, which is implied by the concept of liberty, and the duty to society, which is implied by the concepts of equality and fraternity.

A third assumption common to the five writers is that intuition and imagination offer a surer road to truth than does abstract logic or scientific method. It is illustrated by their emphasis upon introspection--their belief that the clue to external nature is to be found in the inner world of individual psychology--and by their interpretation of experience as, in essence, symbolic. Both these stresses presume an organic relationship between the self and the cosmos of which only intuition and imagination can properly take account. These writers' faith in the imagination and in themselves as practitioners of imagination led them to conceive of the writer as a seer and enabled them to achieve supreme confidence in their own moral and metaphysical insights.

The author's discussion of Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne, Melville, and Whitman is primarily concerned with explaining ______.

A．some of their beliefs about the difficulties involved in self-realization

B．some of their beliefs concerning the world and the place that humanity occupies in the universal order

C．some of their beliefs concerning the relationship between humanism and democracy

D．the way some of their beliefs are shaped by differences in temperament and literary outlook

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