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[主观题]

An individual nerve cell usually has a large cell body and a __________ nucleus.A.cohesive

An individual nerve cell usually has a large cell body and a __________ nucleus.

A.cohesive

B.immature

C.conscientious

D.conspicuous

提问人:网友snowCrystal 发布时间:2022-01-06
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更多“An individual nerve cell usual…”相关的问题
第1题
Given the briefest of glances at a picture, most people believe they have not had time to
recognize anything in it at all. Ask them whether they saw an animal and they consider themselves to be making a futile guess. Yet those guesses are right much more often than they are wrong. That is because the brain can carry out immediate visual processing even when it does not have time for any cognitive back-chatter. A neuroscientist trying to understand how people recognize objects would thus start with this simplest of systems.

That is the purpose of Dr. Serre's computer. His project is nothing less than ad attempt to reverseengineer the relevant part of the brain. That part is the ventral visual pathway. Anatomy shows that it is organized into numerous areas. Experiments on monkeys, in which researchers have recorded what excites individual nerve cells in each of these areas, give strong hints about how it works.

The pathway is hierarchical. Signals from the retina flow to the most basic processing area first; the cells in that area fire up others in the next area, and so on. Those in the first area are fussy. They react to edges or bars in particular orientations. By combining their signals, however, cells in the second area can respond to comers or bars in any orientation. And so the system builds up. Cells in the final area can recognize general things, animals included.

Dr. Serre considered his computer's processing units analogous to nerve cells, and he organized them into areas, just as they are in real brains. Then he let the machine learn in much the same way that babies do. First he mimicked early development when nerve cells are plastic. At this stage babies' brains tune their nerve cells to visual features according to how common those features am in the world around them. That is why kittens raised so that they see only vertical lines have brains that look different from those raised in an environment with purely horizontal ones. Dr. Serre's processor developed sensitivities in a similar fashion when he showed it lots of photographs. That stage complete, he then told the computer when what it "saw" contained an animal, and when it did not.

The result was a model that closely imitates the ventral visual pathway. Processing units in each area are sensitive to the same set of features as nerve cells in the brain's analogous areas, and they are linked together as they are in the brain. This artificial recognition system correctly distinguishes photographs containing animals from those without creatures 82% of the time; Dr. Serre's students get it right 80% of the time. Moreover, his computer and his volunteers tend to slip up on the same images — and turning photographs on their sides makes poorer animal-recognizers out of both, by roughly the same amount.

The phrase "cognitive back-chatter" in paragraph 1 probably means ______.

A.communication with others

B.response to certain stimulation

C.instant processing of information

D.recognizing pictures or objects

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第2题
The symptoms of Alzheimer's disease were long dismissed as normal con sequences of human a
ging, but in the 1980's the disease came to be recognized as the most common cause of intellectual deterioration in the elderly and middle-aged. It is characterized by the death of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex--the part of the brain involved in complex functions.

The major debilitating symptoms of Alzheimer's disease include serious forgetfulness--particularly about recent events--and confusion, At first, the individual experiences only minor and almost imperceptible symptoms that are often attributed to emotional upsets or other physical illnesses. Gradually, however, the person becomes more forgetful, and this may be reported by anxious relatives. The person may neglect to turn off the oven, may misplace things, may recheck to see if a task was done, may take longer to complete a chore that was previously routine, or may repeat already-answered questions. As the disease progresses, memory loss and such changes in personality, mood, and behavior, such as confusion, irritability, restlessness and agitation, are likely to appear. Judgment, concentration, orientation, writing, reading, speech, motor behavior. and naming of objects may also be affected. Even when a loving and caring family is available to give support, the victim of Alzheimer's disease is more likely to spent his or her last days in a nursing home or long-term care institution. At this time, there is no cure.

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about Alzheimer's disease?

A.In the past, Alzheimer's disease has often been mistaken as normal human aging

B.Victims of Alzheimer's disease rarely need to be institutionalized.

C.There is currently no cure for Alzheimer's disease.

D.The primary symptoms are serious forgetfulness and confusion.

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第3题
The symptoms of Alzheimer's disease were long dismissed as normal consequences of human ag
ing, but in the 1980' s the disease came to be recognized as the most common cause of intellectual deterioration in the elderly and middle- aged. It is characterized by the death of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex-the part of the brain in involved in complex functions. The major debilitating symptoms of Alzheimer' s disease include serous forgetfulness-particularly about recent events-and confusion. At first, the individual experiences only minor and almost imperceptible symptoms that are often attributed to emotional upsets or other physical illnesses. Gradually, however, the person becomes more forgetful, and this may be reported by anxious relatives.

The person may neglect to turn off the oven, may misplace things, many recheck to see if a task was done,

It may take longer to complete a chore that was previously routine, or may repeat already-answered questions. As the disease progresses, memory loss and such changes in personality, mood, and behavior, such as confusion, irritability, restlessness and agitation, are likely to appear. Judgment, concentration, orientation, writing, reading, speech, motor behavior. and naming of objects may also be affected. Even when a loving and caring family is available to give support, the victim of Alzheimer' s disease is more likely to spend his or her last days in a nursing home or long-term care institution. At this time, there is no cure.

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about Alzheimer' s disease?

A.In the past, Alzheimer' s disease has often been mistaken as normal human aging.

B.Victims of Alzheimer' s disease rarely need to be institutionalized.

C.There is currently no cure for Alzheimer' s disease.

D.The primary symptoms are serious forgetfulness and confusion.

点击查看答案
第4题
The symptoms of Alzheimer's disease were long dismissed as normal consequences of human ag
ing, but in the 1980's the disease came to be recognized as the most common cause of intellectual deterioration in the elderly and middle-aged. It is characterized by the death of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex--the part of the brain involved in complex function.

The major debilitating symptoms of Alzheimer's disease include serous forgetfulness -- particularly about recent events--and confusion. At first, the individual experiences only minor and almost imperceptible symptoms that are often attributed to emotional upsets or other physical illnesses. Gradually, however, the person becomes more forgetful, and this may be reported by anxious relatives. The person may neglect to turn off the oven, may misplace things, any recheck to see if a task was done, may take longer to complete a chore that was previously routine, or may repeat already-answered questions. As the disease progresses, memory loss and such changes in personality, mood, and behavior, such as confusion, irritability, restlessness and agitation, are likely to appear. Judgment, concentration, orientation, writing, reading, speech, motor behavior. and naming of objects may also be affected. Even when a loving and caring family is available to give support, the victim of Alzheimer's disease is more likely to spend his or her last days in a nursing home or long-term care institution. At this time, there is no cure.

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about Alzheimer's disease?

A.In the past, Alzheimer's disease has often been mistaken as normal human aging.

B.Victims of Alzheimer's disease rarely need to he institutionalized.

C.There is currently no cure for Alzheimer's disease.

D.The primary symptoms are serious forgetfulness and confusion.

点击查看答案
第5题
The symptoms of Alzheimer' s disease were long dismissed as normal consequences of human a
ging, but in the 1980' s the disease came to be recognized as the most common cause of intellectual deterioration in the elderly and middle- aged. It is characterized by the death of nerve cells in the cerebral cortex -- the part of the brain involved in complex function.

The major debilitating symptoms of Alzheimer's disease include serous forgetfulness -- particularly about recent events--and confusion. At first, the individual experiences only minor and almost imperceptible symptoms that are often attributed to emotional upsets or other physical illnesses. Gradually, however, the person becomes more forgetful, and this may be reported by anxious relatives. The person may neglect to turn off the oven, may misplace things, any recheck to see if a task was done, may take longer to complete a chore that was previously routine, or may repeat already-answered questions. As the disease progresses, memory loss and such changes in personality, mood, and behavior, such as confusion, irritability, restlessness and agitation, are likely to appear. Judgment, concentration, orientation, writing, reading, speech, motor behavior. and naming of objects may also be affected. Even when a loving and caring family is available to give support, the victim of Alzheimer's disease is more likely to spend his or her last days in a nursing home or long-term care institution. At this time, there is no cure.

According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about Alzheimer's disease?

A.In the past, Alzheimer' s disease has often been mistaken as normal human aging.

B.Victims of Alzheimer' s disease rarely need to be institutionalized.

C.There is currently no cure for Alzheimer's disease.

D.The primary symptoms are serious forgetfulness and confusion.

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第6题
You probably have a long mental list of moments and facts you wish you could remember—but
actually you cannot. The good news,【B1】______, is that while such memories may be currently【B2】______, they are not entirely gone, and could theoretically be【B3】______, according to a new brain research. In the study, biologist Jeffrey Johnson【B4】______16 college participants through an FMRI machine (which【B5】______nervous activity via blood flow)to compare brain patterns【B6】______memory formation and recall. First, he showed the students various common words and had them【B7】______a few tasks: say the word backwards in your head,【B8】______its uses, and picture how an artist would【B9】______it. Then, 20 minutes later, after the students re-entered the FMRI machine, Johnson showed them the list of words and asked them to recall【B10】______they could from before. Finally, he compared brain activity from both【B11】______and what he found will surprise you. Using【B12】______is called "pattern analysis" , its possible to【B13】______a unique pattern of brain activity to every individual thing we do. This means that when a participant says the word "apple" backwards the【B14】______pattern of brain activity is different from when he pictures the fruit.【B15】______interestingly, there is close similarity between the pattern that emerges when we【B16】______an activity and when we later recall it. The stronger our memory, the【B17】______the pattern, but as Johnson found, even at a moment【B18】______we cannot remember anything, our nerve cells still fire in a way that【B19】______the activity of when we formed the memory. This【B20】______that sometime in the future we may be able to retrieve the memories we thought wed lost forever.

【B1】

A.although

B.rather

C.though

D.therefore

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第7题
When imaginative men turn their eyes towards space and wonder whether life exists in any p
art of it, they may cheer themselves by remembering that life need not resemble closely the life that exists on Earth. Mars looks like the only planet where life like ours could exist, and even this is doubtful. But there may be other kinds of life based on other kinds of chemistry, and they may multiply on Venus or Jupiter. At least we cannot prove at present that they do not.

Even more interesting is the possibility that life on their planets may be in a more advanced stage of evolution. Present-day man is in a peculiar and probably temporary stage. His individual units retain a strong sense of personality. They are, in fact, still capable under favorable circumstances of leading individual lives. But man's societies are already sufficiently developed to have enormously more power and effectiveness

than the individuals have.

It is not likely that this transitional situation will continue very long on the evolutionary time scale. Fifty thousand year's from now man's societies may have become so close-knit that the individuals retain no sense of separate personality. Then little distinction will remain between the organic parts of the multiple organism and the inorganic parts (machines) that have been constructed by it. A million years further on man and his machines may have merged as closely as the muscles of the human body and nerve cells that set them in motion.

The explorers of space should be prepared for some' such situation. If they arrive on a foreign planet that has reached an advanced stage (and this is by no means impossible), they may find it being inhabited by a single large organism composed of many closely cooperating units.

The units may be "secondary"-machines created millions of years ago by a previous form. of life and given the will and ability to survive and reproduce. They may be built entirely of metals and other durable materials. If this is the case, they may be much more tolerant of their environment, multiplying under conditions that would destroy immediately any organism made of carbon compounds and dependent on the familiar car bon cycle.

Such creatures might be relics of a past age, many millions of years ago, when their planet was favorable to the origin of life, or they might be immigrants from a favored planet.

Humans on Earth today are characterized by______.

A.their existence as free and separate beings

B.their capability of living under favorable conditions

C.their great power and effectiveness

D.their strong desire for living in a close-knit society

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第8题
Which nerve injured can lead to “clawhand”?

A.musculocutaneous nerve

B.median nerve

C.ulnar nerve

D.axillary nerve

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第9题
The fibers from the nucleus ambiguus join in

A、glossopharyngeal nerve and hypoglossal nerve

B、hypoglossal nerve and accessory nerve

C、vagus nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and accessory nerve

D、facial nerve and vagus nerve

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第10题
Which nerve injured can lead to “wristdrop”?

A.musculocutaneous nerve

B.median nerve

C.ulnar nerve

D.radial nerve

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