题目内容
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Gilbert Roberts was shocked because ______.
A．so many people had participated in the experiment
B．so many of the participants were dishonest
C．the effects of the pictures of flowers and gazing eyes were so different
D．the effects of eyes and other perceptual signals were so powerful
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Researchers at UK's Newcastle University set up an experiment in their psychology department's coffee room. They set a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk on the counter and hung up a sign listing the prices for drinks. People helping themselves to a cup of drink were supposed to put a few cents in the box nearby. The scientists hung a poster above the money box, and it changed each week between images of gazing eyes and pictures of flowers. The researchers found that staff paid 2.76 times more for their drinks when the image of the eyes was hung. "Frankly we were shocked by the size of the effect," said Gilbert Roberts, one of the researchers.
Eyes are known to be a powerful perceptual (感官的) signal for humans. "Even though the eyes were not real, they still seemed to make people behave more honestly," said Melissa Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study.
Researchers believe the effect sheds light on our evolutionary past. It may arise from behavioral features that developed when early humans formed social groups to strengthen their chances of survival For social groups to work, individuals had to co-operate, rather than act selfishly. "There's an argument that if nobody is watching us, it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when we're being watched we should behave better. So people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us," Bateson said.
The new finding indicates that people have a striking response to eyes. That might be because eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to. The finding could be put to practical use, too. For example, images of eyes could increase ticket sales on public transport and improve supervision systems to prevent antisocial behavior.
The experiment conducted in Newcastle University shows that ______.
A．people enjoy free drinks more than paid ones
B．most people are dishonest if nobody is watching
C．people like pictures of flowers more than pictures of eyes
D．people are more honest when watched by pictures of eyes
Rickards found Monty Roberts's ideas interesting because Roberts had ______.
A．based his methods on traditional horse-training techniques
B．recognised the importance of developing bonding techniques
C．dispensed with the idea of rewarding the horse he was training
D．worked tirelessly with others to come up with a new theory
He was engaged in an (argue) ______ with Roberts about equal pay for men and women.
How did Bert Roberts get this form？
A．He visited a website.
B．Manov sent it to him.
C．He wrote to BTC to request it.
D．He found it in the newspaper.
When they moved to another community, Roberts problem is______.
A．still existing
B．solved by another doctor
C．not further mentioned
D．solved by the parents
Townley Vehicles have appointed Ken Roberts, formerly of Weston Motors, as Sales Manager.What do we know about Ken Roberts？
A．He used to work for Townley Vehicles.
B．He is applying for a job as a sales manager.
C．He was employed by Weston Motors in the past.
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