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价格水平（price level)
价格水平(price level)
提问人：网友anonymity
发布时间：2022-01-06
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A. 弗里茨•马克卢普（Fritz Marchlup）
B. 波拉特（M.U.Porat）
C. 詹姆斯•莫里斯（James A.Mirrlees）
D. 威廉•维克里（William Vickrey）
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第2题
我们考察美联储的目标如何影响它对冲击的反应。假设联储A只关心维持物价水平稳定，而联储B只关心把产出与就业维持在自然率上。解释每一个联储会对下列情况做出什么反应？
a．货币流通速度的外生减少。
b．石油价格的外生提高。
Let's examine how the goals of the Fed influence its response to shocks. Suppose Fed A cares only about keeping the price level stable, and Fed B cares only about keeping output and employment at their natural rates. Explain how each Fed would respond to
a．An exogenous decrease in the velocity of money.
b．An exogenous increase in the price of oil.
第3题
假设价格有完全的伸缩性，而且，经济中产出的波动正如实际经济周期理论所说的是由于技术冲击。
a．如果美联储保持货币供给不变，随着产出的波动，物价水平会发生什么变动？
b．如果美联储调整货币供给以稳定物价水平，随着产出的波动，货币供给会发生什么变动？
c．许多经济学家观察到，货币供给的波动与产出的波动正相关。这是反对实际经济周期理论的证据吗？
Suppose that prices are fully flexible and that the output of the economy fluctuates because of shocks to technology, as real business cycle theory claims.
a．If the Federal Reserve holds the money supply constant, what will happen to the price level as output fluctuates？
b．If the Federal Reserve adjusts the money supply to stabilize the price level, what will happen to the money supply as output fluctuates？
c．Many economists have observed that fluctuations in the money supply are positively correlated with fluctuations in output. Is this evidence against real business cycle theory？
第9题
假设一年的远期美元/欧元汇率是每欧元1.26美元，即期汇率为每欧元1.2美元，欧元的远期升水(或美元的远期贴水)是多少？一年期美元存款利率和一年期欧元存款利率之差是多少(假设不存在政治风险)？
第10题
假设世界上每一个人都为利息收入和因汇率改变而产生的资本收益支付τ%的税，这项税收会对利率平价条件的分析产生什么影响？如果此项税收只针对利息收入，而不适用于资本利得，即不对资本利得征税，这时的情况又会怎样？
Imagine that everyone in the world pays a tax of τ percent on interest earnings and on any capital gains due to exchange rate changes．How would such a tax alter the analysis of the interest parity condition？ How does the answer change if the tax applies to interest earnings but not to capital gains，which are untaxed？
