Men lie to women. At the heart of many men's lies, however, ..

第1题

A new generation of storytellers has been born whose deceptions have benefited from a coll

ege education.

A psychological research has found that while lies typically take place in a fifth of all 10-minute conversations, the number increases to one in three if the participants have been university or college- educated.

Education gives some people the vocabulary and confidence to deceive. The lies may not be important-so-called white lies--but they are more sophisticated than you might find elsewhere in society.

Other research also implicates the better-educated as more likely to lie. A survey of lies among 500 people showed that more highly trained people could not only make up more lies but also detect them more easily.

Scientists are only starting to study how higher education that emphasizes learning and repeating stories, nurtures(培养) an ability to shape experience and memorize it. There is a connection that may have something to do with the education style. that people receive, but it's still too early to make a conclusion.

Investigation also shows that highly educated government officials who never lied are increasingly rare. The grown-ups who would rather get into difficulties than tell a lie have been replaced by much younger intellectuals who tend to be more ruthless(无情的) and don't care so much about the truth.

"I remember some colleagues boasting about how much money they received for getting a gentleman a passport, and that sort of thing. They looked excited and could not stop themselves, even the graceful ladies." said a retired official. While the better-educated may be more frequent liars, psychologists are also finding that women are starting to overtake men.

It is traditionally viewed that men lie more than women, such as empty boasts about their jobs while women tend to tell untruths only in order to avoid hurting and to protect family members.

This is changing, however. Twenty years ago sociologists at Bath University showed that men would lie up to 10 times as often as women. Five years ago the research result was three times as often. And now the gap has narrowed to a few points: t58% of men and 62% of women said they would lie and cheat in an interview to get a job.

Their research suggests that while men still lie as much as they always have done, women are set to outperform. them in the next decade.

"Storytellers" in the first sentence refers to ______.

A．novelists

B．liars

C．speechmakers

D．college students

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第2题

Men lie to women. At the heart of many men's lies, however, is the male ego. Men lie to bu

ild themselves up or to conceal something. They are more likely to lie to enhance themselves than women are Men have a hard time admitting failure. How our culture defines success is important to a man, so he assumes it's important to his partner.

In a 1991 study, psychologist William Tooke and an assistant at the State University of New York College at Plattsburgh asked 110 students at the university to look at 88 deceptive tactics — such as inflating one's accomplishments and wearing designer's clothes to appear wealthy — and reveal how often they were used in their own relationships. Men were significantly more likely than women to use such deception. Ego-stroking statements that turn out to be total lies may be designed to cover up opposite feelings — for instance, when a man says he values his wife's work but actually doesn't consider it important. Such lies can signal serious problems ahead, whether it's dealing with child care, vacation plans or career moves.

The more quickly a woman seeks the truth behind these lies, the sooner she can remedy the relationship— or, if necessary, end it. As one puts it: "I'd rather have the ax fall than slip down the endless slope of uncertainty and frustration." A wife may not be sure that what her husband is saying means "the end". She should listen closely, not only to what he says, but also to how he says it. According to Depaul, changes in voice can be significant. She has found that people's voices often get higher or shakier when they lie, and they are more likely to stumble over words.

However, there are few things that trouble a man more than a woman's anger — or nagging, as he calls it — so he lies to avoid a scene. It is in "hassle-prevention lying" that men can demonstrate their greatest versatility. A young man in New York City forgot his girlfriend's birthday. When she confronted him, he claimed he'd planned a surprise all along. He grabbed the phone, called a home shopping network and berated the representative for not sending the expensive gift he'd ordered. "If you can't do better than this, I'll tear up my membership card!" he shouted. Of course, the man didn't have a card and had never ordered a gift.

In this book The Varnished Truth, David Nyberg, professor of education at State University of New York at Buffalo, states, "Occasionally there is a lot to lose by telling the truth, and something to be gained by not telling the truth." Still, it is important to remember that lies axe at heart deceptions, and repeated deceptions destroy intimacy. Real intimacy is only possible to the degree that we can be honest about what we are doing and feeling. When lying comes to predominate in a marriage, the relationship begins to deteriorate. A husband and wife can sense the trust erode, and feel their hearts growing colder.

Men, for their part, need to develop the courage to drop the defense mechanisms that bolster their egos and pride, and search for true intimacy with their mates. Telling the truth to a spouse is the first step toward showing that love is more important than lies.

Men have a hard time admitting failure because ______.

A．they think their partners set much store by their success

B．according to tradition as a man they must succeed

C．success is important to both men and women

D．they are defined as success by our culture

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第3题

Most large-scale, objective measures of men's roles show little change over the past decad

e, but men do feel now and then that their position is in question, their security is somewhat fragile. I believe they are right, for they sense a set of forces that lie deeper and are more powerful than the day-to-day negotiation and renegotiation of advantage among husbands and wives, fathers and children, or bosses and those who work for them. Men are troubled by this new situation.

The conditions we live in are different from those of any prior civilization, and they give less support to men's claims of superiority than perhaps any other historical era. When these conditions weaken that support, men can rely only on previous tradition, or their attempts to socialize their children, to shore up their faltering advantages. Such rhetoric is not likely to be successful against the new objective conditions and the claims of aggrieved women. Thus, men are correct when they feel they are losing some of their privileges, even if many continue to laugh at the women's liberation movement.

The new conditions can be listed concretely, but I shall also give you a theoretical formulation of the process. Concretely, because of the increased use of various mechanical gadgets and devices, fewer tasks require much strength. As to those that still require strength, most men cannot do them either. Women can now do more household tasks that men once felt only they could do, and still more tasks are done by repair specialists called in to do them. With the development of modern warfare, there are few, if any, important combat activities that only men can do. Women are much better educated than before.

With each passing year, psychological and sociological research reduces the areas in which men are reported to excel over women and discloses far more overlap in talents, so that even when males still seem to have an advantage, it is but a slight one. It is also becoming more widely understood that the posts in government and business are not best filled by the stereotypical aggressive male but by people, male or female, who are sensitive to others' needs, adept in obtaining cooperation, and skilled in social relations. Finally, in one sphere after another, the number of women who try. to achieve rises, and so does the number who succeed.

It can be inferred that' the main source of men's resistance to women's liberation is the feeling that ______.

A．women are now better educated

B．women can now hold executive positions

C．men are no longer indispensable

D．men are no longer superior

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第4题

question 2

A、505 men.

B、500 women.

C、505 men and women.

D、500 men and women.