？Read the article below about Ievels Of management． ？Choose the correct word to fill each

？Read the article below about Ievels Of management．

？Choose the correct word to fill each gap from A，B，C or D．

？For each question(21-30)，mark one letter(A，B，C or D)on your Answer Sheet．

The three basic levels of management are top，middle，and first-line top．

The fairly small number of executives who guide the fortunes of most companies are (21) managers．Common titles for top managers include President，Vice President，Treasurer，Chief (22) Officer(CEO)，and Chief Financial Officer (CFO)．Top managers are responsible to the board of directors and stockhoIders of the firm for its overall (23) and effectiveness．They set general policies，formulate strategies，oversee all significant decisions，and represent the company in its (24) other businesses and government．

Although they are below the ranks of the top executives，middle managers (25) positions of considerable autonomy and importance．Titles such as P1ant Manager，Operations Manager，and Division Manager are typical of middle-management slots． (26) ，middle managers are responsible for implementing the strategies． policies，and decisions made by top managers．For example，if top management decides to bring (27) a new product in 12 months or to cut costs by 5 percent，middle management will have to decide to increase the pace of new product development or to reduce the plant'S work force．With companies increasingly seeking ways to cut (28) ，however，the job of middle manager has lately become an unsteady one in many large companies．

At the bottom of the management hierarchy are first-line managers，who supervise the work of employees．First-line managers hold (29) ．such as Supervisor，Office Manager，and Foreman．First-line managers tend to spend most of their time working with and supervising the employees who (30) to them．Some have entered the firm without a college degree or have been promoted from within the company．

(22)

A．top

B．down

C．utmost

D．supervisor