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根据材料请回答 23～30 Friendly Relations with the People AroundYou depend on all the pe

根据材料请回答 23～30

Friendly Relations with the People Around

You depend on all the people closely around you to give you the warm feeling of be-longingness (归属感)that you must have to feel secure.But, in fact, the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them.A person who shows that he wants everything for himself is bound to be a lonely wolf.

The need for companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belonging-ness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences.You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you.The important point, however, is that keeping e- motionally healthy does not depend so much on having people around you as upon your a-bility to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them.

Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game.You don't know them.When

the game is over, you will go your separate ways.But just for a while you had a feeling of companionship, of sharing the feeling of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win.

An experience of this kind gives the clue (线索) to what companionship really is.It depends upon emotional .ties of sympathy, understanding, trust, and affection. Compa- nionships become friends when these ties are formed.

When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintances(熟人), you may not know with whom you will make friends, but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friend-ships if you show that you really like people.

第 23 题 Paragraph 2________.

提问人：网友renyadong 发布时间：2022-01-06

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更多“根据材料请回答 23～30 Friendly Relatio…”相关的问题

第1题

根据材料请回答 23～30 Researchers have established that when people are mentally engage

根据材料请回答 23～30

Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitively areas such as attention and memory.This is true regardless of age.

People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in.And someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an ac-tive mind.

Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives."The idea is not necessarily to learn to mem-orize enormous amounts of information," says James Fozard, associate director of the Na-tional Institute on Aging."Most of us don't need that kind of skill.Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness."Fozard and others say they challenge their brains to work.

Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups.Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep men-tally active as well.Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted."The point is, you need to do both." Cohen says, "Intel- lectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size."

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第2题

根据下列材料请回答 16～30 题： Some years ago，Chinese high school students would show t

根据下列材料请回答 16～30 题：

Some years ago，Chinese high school students would show their new schoolbags，new clothes or new pens to their classmates when the new term started．Today，however，all have 16 If you still come back to school 17 0nly these things，you are out—of-date(过时的)。Students in big cities like to bring the latest high．tech things to school，and feel happy and 18 to show off(炫耀)these things to 19 ．Mobile phones，MP3 players，CD players，electronic dictionaries，the list is endless．

Young people think that．1iving in the 21 st century，they must keep up with the 20 They don't want to fall 21 ．Besides，they think 22 they need to keep in touch with their classmates．SO they need mobile phones．They also like to 23 the pop music，SO they need CD players．They explain that， 24 like electronic dictionarjes，these can be 25 in their study， 26 ．They think that their parents should understand 27 they want these things-

Foreign students will also bring some latest high-tech things when they 28 to school at the beginning of a new term． 29 ，they often use the money which they made by themselves during the holiday to 30 these high—tech things that they want．

第 16 题

A．changed

B．come

C．joined

D．stopped

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第3题

根据材料请回答 23～30 MedicineMedicine is the science and art of healing.It is a scienc

根据材料请回答 23～30

Medicine

Medicine is the science and art of healing.It is a science because it is based on knowledge gained through careful study and experimentation.It is an art because it depends on how skillful-ly doctors and other medical workers apply this knowledge ,when dealing with patients:

The goals of medicine are to save lives, to relieve suffering, and to maintain the digni-ty of ill individuals.For this reason, medicine has long been one of the most respected pro-fessions.Thousands of men and women who work in the.medical profession spend their lives caring for the sick.When disaster strikes, hospital workers rush emergency aid to the injured.When epidemics threaten, doctors and nurses work to prevent the spread of disease.Researchers in the medical profession continually search for better ways of fight-ing disease.

Human beings have suffered from illness since they first appeared on the earth.Throughout most of this time, they knew little about how the human body works or what causes disease.Treatment was based largely on superstition and guesswork.

However, medicine has made tremendous progress in the last several hundred years.Today, it is possible to cure, control, or prevent hundreds of diseases.People live longer than they did in the past as a result of new drugs, machines, and surgical operations; Medical progress in the control of infectious diseases, improvements in health care pro-grams for mothers and children, and better nutrition, sanitation, and living conditions have given people a longer life expectancy.

As medicine has become more scientific, it has also become more complicated.In the past, doctors cared for patients almost single-handedly.Patients received treatment at home for most kinds of illness.Today, doctors no longer work by themselves.Instead, they head medical teams made up of nurses, laboratory workers, and many other skilled professionals.The care provided by such teams cannot generally be started at home.As a result, clinics and hospitals have become the chief centers for medical care in most countries.

第 23 题 Paragraph 2__________.

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第4题

下面是有关我国国情的部分材料，请根据材料回答问题。我国人口占世界人口的22%，而耕地只占世界耕

下面是有关我国国情的部分材料，请根据材料回答问题。

我国人口占世界人口的22%，而耕地只占世界耕地的7%。从1980年到1996年，粮食产量增长52.9%，但由于人口增长24%，人均粮食只增长23%，近几年每年净减少耕地面积在300万至500万亩左右。据有关部门测算，目前受水土流失危害的耕地占耕地总面积的1/3，过去10年沙化土地占国土面积的15.9%；由于过度采伐，现有森林覆盖面积占全国面积的13.4%；由于水资源短缺，部分城市缺水现象严重。在全国500个城市中，有300多个城市缺水，其中40多个城市严重缺水。在资源相对不足的情况下，又存在着大量的使用浪费，而且对资源的再生利用又不重视，废钢铁和废有色金属回收利用率只有30%，大大低于经济发达国家60%—80%的水平。

请回答：

简述材料反映的历史唯物主义的原理。

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第5题

根据下列材料请回答 23～30 题：Depression and the Elderly1 We all feel sad at times.However，c

根据下列材料请回答 23～30 题：

Depression and the Elderly

1 We all feel sad at times.However，clinical depression is a serious matter.Clinical depression, sometimes called major depression，is a biologically based brain disorder that affects one’s thoughts，feelings，behavior，and physical health.When people complain that they feel terrible，they have no interest or take no pleasure in things，have trouble sleeping，lack energy，have poor appetite，or cannot concentrate，depression is a definite possibility.

2 Depression in its many forms affects more than 6.5 million of the 35 million Americans who are 65 years or older.Most older people with depression have been suffering from episodes(发作)of the illness during much of their lives。For others.depression has a first onset(起病)in late life—even for those in their 80s and 90s.Depression in older persons is closely associated with dependency and disability and causes great suffering for the individual and the family

3 Many older people and their families don’t-recognize the symptoms of depression，aren’t aware that it is a medical illness，and don’t know how it is treated Others may mistake the symptoms of depression as sighs of dementia(痴呆).Also，many older people think that depression is a character flaw(缺陷)and are worried about being stigmatized(给…带来耻辱)，SO they blame themselves for their illness and are too ashamed(羞耻的)to get help，Others worry that treatment would be too costly.

4 Older persons with depression rarely seek treatment for the illness。Unrecognized and untreated depression has fatal consequences in terms of both suicide and non-suicide mortality(死亡率).The highest rate of suicide in the US is among older white men？Depression IS the single most significant risk factor for suicide in that population。Tragically，many of those people who go on to commit suicide have reached out for help -20%see a doctor the day they die，40%the week they die，and 70%in the month they die.Yet depression is frequently missed.

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第6题

根据材料请回答 23～30 题 FordFord's great strength was the manufacturing process, not in

根据材料请回答 23～30 题

Ford

Ford's great strength was the manufacturing process, not invention.Long before he started a car company, he was an inveterate (契而不舍) tinker (喜欢小修小补的人),known for picking up loose scraps (碎片)of metal and wire and turning them into ma-chines.He's been putting cars together since 1891.Although by no means the first popu-lar automobile, the Model T showed the world just how innovative Ford was at combining technology and market.

The company's assembly line alone threw America's Industrial Revolution into over-drive(加速挡).Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Ford's cronies(密友), who were great tool and die (金属模具)makers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line.By the time Ford's sprawling(占地巨大的)Highland Park plant was humming along in 1914, the world's first automatic con-veyor belt(传送带)could turn out a ear every 93 minutes.

The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with what probably stands as his grea-test contribution ever, the $5-a-day minimum wage scheme.The average wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shift.Ford not only doubled that, he also took an hour off the workday.In those years it was unthinkable that a guy could be paid that much' for doing something that didn't involve an awful lot of training or education.The Wall Street Journal (《华尔街日报》)called the plan "an economic crime," and critics everywhere heaped "Fordism" with equal scorn.

But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component of Ford's quest to make the automobile accessible(易取得的)to all.The critics were too stupid to comprehend that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didn't mat-ter except for making it feasible(可行的)for more people to buy cars.

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第7题

根据材料回答23~25题： A) They can be good if they happen in summer. B) They occur only in

South China sea, C) They can usually be seen around the Pacific Ocean. D) They happen in spring most often.

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第8题

根据材料请回答 23～30 Screen Test Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays

根据材料请回答 23～30

Screen Test Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast canc-er.If this happens early enough, the disease can often be treated successfully.According to a survey published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes.Nine of them, including Australia, Canada, the USA and Spain, screen women under 50. But the medical benefit of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the tradition brings a small risk of inducing cancer.Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser. Researchers at the Polytechnic University(理工大学)of Valencia analyzed the, effect of screening more than 160,000 women at 11 local clinics.After estimating the women's cu-mulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause. The mathematical model recommended by Britain' s National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal.The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower figure of 20 cancers. The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is "not very signifi- cant" compared to the far greater number of cancers that are discovered and treated.The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened. But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation.The results of their study, they suggest, could help"optimize the technique" for breast cancer screening. "There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks, "admits Michael Clark of the NRPB．But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution."On the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life.That's why radiation exposure should be minimized in any screening programme."

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第9题

根据下列材料请回答 23～30 题A New Citizenship Test1 Last week a sample of the new US citize

根据下列材料请回答 23～30 题

A New Citizenship Test

1 Last week a sample of the new US citizenship(公民身份)exam was released by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services(US—CLS ).It will be tried out in 1 0 cities early next year to replace the current test in 2008.Instead of asking how many stripes the USflag has，as the current test does，the new one asks why there are 13 stripes。Instead ofhaving to name the branches of government，an applicant is asked to explain why thereare three.

2 “The goal is to make it more meaningful.”explains Emilio Gonzalez，director of theUS—CIS。Immigrants who pass it are expected to have a better“understanding and respect”for US civic(公民的)values，Gonzalez says.

3 The US isn’t the only country dealing with citizenship tests that aim to get a“ sharedcommitment”from immigrants for their adopted country’s“values”，In recent years，Inaddition to the usual requirement of language/work skills and economic status-severalEuropean countries have adopted citizenship tests.Britain introduced a new citizenshiptest last November.In March，a new Dutch law took effect requiring all would—beimmigrants to take a citizenship test.It involved watching a video showing nude(裸体的)women bathing at beaches and gay(同性恋的)men kissing in public.The aim was toensure that“newcomers will be comfortable with the country’S liberal social mores(风俗)”.

4 Europe has been known for welcoming immigrants for decades.But，today，the fact is that some immigrants are kept apart from local citizens by culture and they becomehostile to each other.Promoting integration has become a major concern for Europeancountries.after the rioting in Muslim ghettoes(少数民族聚居区)in France and the killingof Dutch public figures by religious extremists.

5 Officials believe that a person’s attachment to a country can be tested by his or herknowledge of the country.However，some critics say that the changes can do little to helppeople’assimilate(同化)themselves.“Immigration is a culture war today-Is giving a newtest the right way to lessen the accusations in that fight？”says Ali Noorani ，of theMassachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition(难民辩护联盟)

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第10题

根据材料请回答 23～30 题 Lie detectors （测谎仪)are widely used in the United States to f

根据材料请回答 23～30 题

Lie detectors (测谎仪)are widely used in the United States to find out whether a per-son is telling the truth or not.Polygraphists, the person who operate them, claim that they can establish guilt by detecting physiological changes that accompany emotional stress.The technique adopted is to ask leading questions such as: "Did you take the mo-ney？" or "Where did you hide the money？", mixed in with neutral questions, and measure the subject's electrical resistance in the palm or changes in his breathing and heart rate.Such apparatus has obtained widespread recognition.

Whether lie detectors will ever be adopted on a similar scale in Britain is still a matter of opinion.At first sight, it appears obvious that any simple, reliable method of convic-ting guilty people is valuable, but recent research sponsored by the U.S.Office of Public Health not only raises doubts about how lie detectors should be.used but also makes it questionable whether they should be employed at all.

The point is that, apart from many of the polygraphists being unqualified, the tests themselves are by no means free from error, primarily because they discount human imagi-nation and ingenuity.Think of all those perfectly innocent people, with nothing to be a-fraid of, who blush and stammer when a customs officer asks them if they have anything to declare.Fear, and a consequently heightened electrical response, may not be enough to establish guilt.It depends on whether the subject is afraid of being found out or afraid of being wrongfully convicted.

On the other hand, the person who is really guilty and whose past experience has pre-pared him for such tests can distort the results by anticipating the crucial questions or de-liberately giving exaggerated responses to neutral ones!

The success rate of up to 90% claimed for lie detectors is misleadingly attractive.If we refer such a figure to a company with 500 employees, twenty of whom are thieves, the lie detector could catch 18 of them but in doing so would place 32 innocent employees un-der suspicion.The problem for the management would therefore become one of deciding how much industrial unrest they are prepared to cause in order to eliminate theft.What concerns research workers even more, of course, is the fact that a certain number of in no-cent people are bound to be convicted of crimes that they have not committed.

第 23 题 Paragraph 1__________

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